| 词条 | Munga-Thirri National Park |
| 释义 |
| type = protected | name = Munga-Thirri National Park | state = qld | iucn_category = II | image = | caption = | image_alt = | coordinates = {{coord|25|08|33|S|138|14|25|E|scale:2000000|display=inline,title}} | map_alt = | nearest_town_or_city = Birdsville | area = 10120 | area_footnotes = | established = 1967 | established_footnotes = | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | visitation_footnotes = | managing_authorities = Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service | url = https://www.npsr.qld.gov.au/parks/munga-thirri/ }} Munga-Thirri National Park, formerly known as the Simpson Desert National Park, is the largest national park in Queensland, Australia, 1,495 km west of Brisbane.[1] The park covers an area of more than 10,000 km2 in the Simpson Desert surrounding Poeppel Corner west of Birdsville and Bedourie in the Central West region of the state. LandformsThe main features of the park are large sand dunes which can be 50 m high and around 1 km apart.[1] Most dunes are between 10 and 35 m in height.[2] The longest sand ridge is 200 km in length.[2][5] One of the most prominent dunes is called 'Big Red' and is located 35 km west of Birdsville.[2] The dunes started to form 30,000 years ago.[2] Also found in the park are salt lakes and claypans.[8] Flora and faunaThe landscape supports up to 180 bird species.[1] The park includes part of the Simpson Desert Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because it contains habitat suitable for Eyrean grasswrens.[3] Other animals which may be seen include the dingo, geckos and the feral camel. With the falling of any significant rains comes a transformation of dormant wildflowers. TourismVisitors are encouraged to visit from April to October to avoid extreme daytime temperatures and to travel within a two-vehicle party with long distance communications equipment.[1] A 4WD vehicle is needed to travel through the park.[4] There are no roads in the park. The main track is called the QAA Line. Winter mornings can be freezing, while summer temperatures can be as hot as 50°.[2] Camping is permitted within 500 m of the QAA Line. Vehicles are not permitted to leave the main track. Park rangers who are based at Birdsville occasionally close the park when flooded rivers pose a risk to tourists.[5] Increasing tourist numbers have been depleting wood supplies to the point that native fauna could be affected. This has led to authorities encouraging the use of gas camp stoves.[6] HistoryAboriginals have lived in the region for generations. They survived in the dry conditions by digging soaks in the depressions between dunes, some of which were 7m deep. David Lindsay was the first non-Aboriginal person to cross the central and southern areas of the Simpson Desert in 1886.[2] It wasn't until 1936 that Ted Colson crossed the full length of the desert.[2]A national park in the desert was first suggested in 1965 by the National Parks Association.[7] The park was extended northwards in 1991. The expansion included arid lands with a more diverse range of vegetation.[7] See also{{Portal|Queensland}}
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title=Explore Queensland's National Parks |year=2008 |publisher=Explore Australia Publishing |location=Prahran, Victoria |isbn=978-1-74117-245-4 |pages=50 }} {{National Parks of Queensland}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book |title=Natural areas of Queensland |last=Shilton |first=Peter |year=2005 |publisher=Goldpress |location=Mount Gravatt, Queensland |isbn=0-9758275-0-2 |pages=303–306 }} 3. ^BirdLife International. (2011). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Simpson Desert. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 2011-10-09. 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://nprsr.qld.gov.au/parks/munga-thirri/about.html |title=About Simpson Desert |date=30 January 2013 |publisher=Department of National Parks, Recreation, Sport and Racing |accessdate=7 September 2014 }} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/16/2516891.htm |title=Flooding keeps outback national park closed |author=Chrissy Arthur |accessdate=18 July 2010 |date=16 March 2009 |work=ABC News Online |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation }} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/items/200507/1418934.htm?queensland |title=Ranger issues warning about Simpson Desert wood supplies |author= |accessdate=18 July 2010 |date=21 July 2005 |work=ABC Queensland |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation }} 7. ^1 2 {{Cite book |title=Heritage Trails of the Queensland Outback |last=Environmental Protection Agency (Queensland) |year=2002 |publisher=State of Queensland |isbn=0-7345-1040-3 |pages=133 }} 6 : National parks of Queensland|Protected areas established in 1967|Important Bird Areas of Queensland|Central West Queensland|1967 establishments in Australia|Shire of Diamantina |
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