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词条 United States military beret flash
释义

  1. History

     US Army  US Air Force  US Navy 

  2. Some beret flashes currently in use

     Joint beret flashes  US Army  Acquisition and Test  Armor  Aviation  Cavalry  Civil Affairs  Engineer  Field Artillery  Infantry  Military Intelligence  Military Police  Multidisciplinary Commands  Ordnance  Psychological Operations  Public Affairs  Quartermaster  Signal  Special Forces  Support  Sustainment  Training  US Air Force 

  3. See also

  4. References

{{multiple image
|header = Examples of how beret flashes are worn on US Army and US Air Force berets
|perrow = 1/2/1
|width1 = 352
|image1 = Seven Green berets.jpg
|caption1 = US Army NCOs wearing green berets each from a different special forces group, as denoted by their flash, under the 1st Special Forces Command, as denoted by the DUI on each flash
|width2 = 150
|image2 = COL Richard Clarke official portrait.jpg
|caption2 = A US Army officer wearing tan beret with 75th Ranger Regiment flash and full-size rank insignia on top
|width3 = 198
|image3 = US Air Force Combat Aviation Advisors wearing brown beret.jpg
|caption3 = A US Air Force NCO and officer wearing brown berets with cloth flash indicating their unit's Combat Aviation Advisor mission
|width4 = 350
|image4 = USAF 17th STS ceremony-cropped.jpg
|caption4 = A US Air Force officer wearing scarlet beret, Special Tactics Officer flash, and miniature rank insignia below next to an NCO wearing black beret, ALO/TACP flash, and TACP crest
}}

In the United States (US) armed forces, a beret flash is a shield-shaped embroidered cloth or metallic insignia that is usually attached to a stiffener backing of a military beret. Today, the attached flash is worn over the left eye of the wearer with the excess cloth of the beret folded and pulled over the right ear giving it a distinctive shape.[1][2] The embroidered designs of the US Army beret flashes represent the approved distinctive heraldic colors of the unit to which they are assigned[3] while the US Air Force's represent their Air Force specialty code (AFSC)[2] or their assignment to a special unit, such as Combat Aviation Advisor (CAA) squadrons.[4] Joint beret flashes, such as the Multinational Force and Observers and United Nations Peacekeeping flashes, are worn by all of the US armed forces on unique berets while assigned to a specific multinational mission.[5][6]

With the exception of Joint beret flashes, US Army soldiers and non-commissioned officers (NCOs) attach their unit's distinctive unit insignia (DUI) to the center of their beret's flash while warrant officers and commissioned officers attach their rank insignia.[1] US Air Force commissioned officers who are in the Air Liaison Officer (ALO) carrier field (AFSC 13LX),[7] Security Forces carrier field (AFSC 31PX), or assigned to CAA squadrons do the same while commissioned officers assigned to AFSCs authorized metallic flashes attach a miniature version of their rank insignia centered below their flash.[2] US Air Force airman and NCOs only wear their metallic flash or cloth flash and crest on AFSC or unit specific berets.[2][4]

History

US Army

Throughout its history, US Army units have adopted different headgear devices—such as unique color accoutrements, insignias, and flashes—to help distinguish them from other units wearing the same headgear. One example of this started in World War II with the adoption of airborne insignias which were authorized for wear by military parachutists[8] and glider-born forces on specific assignments and by those assigned to airborne units.[9] The airborne insignias were worn on the left-side front (for enlisted) or right-side front (for officers) of the former US Army service uniform's garrison cap.[8][9] Although airborne units began to wear the maroon beret as their official headgear, the garrison cap with Airborne Insignia continued to be authorized for wear until the black beret became the standard US Army headgear in the early 2000s.[9][10][11]

It is not clear when the modern-day beret flashes began to be used by the US Army. However, US Army films between 1956 and 1962 suggest the distinctive organizational beret flashes may have been introduced around 1961,[12][13][14] around the time the green beret was officially authorized for wear by members of the US Army Special Forces.[15][16] Prior to that time, the green beret was worn informally and special forces soldiers used their Parachutist Badge as their beret's flash.[12]

Other beret flashes began to appear in the 1970s when the US Army's armored cavalry regiments in Germany began wearing black berets with maroon and white cloth ovals behind their DUIs, to the left of the wearer's rank insignia (i.e. over their left temple).[15][17] By 1979, the US Army put a stop to the use of berets by conventional forces, leaving only special forces and ranger units the authority to wear berets.[15][16][18]

In 1980 the US Army reversed part of its decision allowing airborne units to wear maroon berets, ranger units black berets, and special forces units green beret.[15][16][18] The US Army's 1981 uniform regulation describes the wear of these newly approved berets with the only authorized accoutrements being officer rank insignias, DUIs, recognition bars, and modern-day beret flashes; however, beret flashes could only be worn by select units and soldiers.[19][20] For example, only special forces qualified soldiers were authorized to wear their unit's distinctive organizational beret flash on their green beret while special forces support soldiers wore a recognition bar—color and pattern matched to their unit's beret flash—below their DUI or officer rank insignia on the green beret. The recognition bar was discontinued in 1984 when the Special Forces Tab was authorized and special forces support soldiers were allowed to wear their unit's distinctive organizational beret flash.[20] Throughout the 1980s, modern-day beret flashes started to become the norm for all units authorized to wear berets.[19][20][21] The design of each airborne and special operations unit's beret flash was created and approved by the US Army Institute of Heraldry (TIOH)[22] and was based on the design of the unit's background trimming[23]—which made their debut in World War II[24]—or TIOH research into the unit’s heraldry.

In late 2000, when the Chief of Staff of the Army decided to make the black beret the standard headgear of the US Army, General Eric Shinseki also decided that all units that did not have a distinctive organizational flash will wear a new universal one.[1][11][22] However, units can request authorization for a distinctive organizational beret flash, as was done for the US Army's new Security Force Assistance Brigades.[25] According to Pam Reece of TIOH, the universal US Army Flash "is designed to closely replicate the colors of the commander-in-chief of the Continental Army at the time of its victory at Yorktown."[11]

{{Clear}}

US Air Force

{{multiple image
|width1 = 190
|image1 = US Air Force firearm safety video-extract.png
|caption1= A Security Policeman wearing a Military Airlift Command patch as his beret's flash, circa 1980
|width2 = 150
|image2 = US Air Force 1041st SPS beret flash-Historical.png
|caption2= Rendering of the US Air Force's 1041st SPS flash
}}

In 1957, the Strategic Air Command's Elite Guard was the first US Air Force unit officially authorized to wear berets. The first beret flash worn on this dark-blue beret was a small metal full-color replica of the Strategic Air Command Patch.[26][27] In 1966/67, the first US Air Force Security Police Beret was issued by the 1041st Security Police Squadron (SPS); the 1041st SPS used a depiction of a falcon on a light blue patch as its beret flash until the unit was disbanded in 1968.[28][29] In February 1976, the US Air Force Uniform Board approved the dark-blue beret as an official uniform item for the US Air Force's police and security forces.[28] The beret flash used on these dark-blue berets was a small metal full-color replica of the unit's major command patch until March 1997 when the heraldry of the 1041st SPS was honored by mandating a new universal beret flash depicting the early SPS falcon over an airfield with the motto "Defensor Fortis" (defenders of the force) embroidered on a scroll at the base of the flash.[28]

In 1966, the US Air Force authorized the wear of the maroon beret by Pararescuemen. Initial wear of the beret followed the trend of the US Army Special Forces who wore their Parachutist Badge over the wearer's left eye acting as the beret's flash.[30] Historical photographs have shown graduates of the US Air Force Pararescue School wearing the Pararescueman Beret Flash on their newly earned berets in a Fall 1975 class photograph;[31] however, it is unclear when the Pararescueman Beret Flash became an official part of the uniform.

Historical photos of Vietnam Era US Air Force Combat Controllers show them wearing black berets that were worn in the same manner as the Pararescuemen and Special Forces berets of the era, with their Parachutist Badge used as the beret's flash.[32] No other information has yet been found as to when the Combat Controller Beret Flash started to be worn on their scarlet beret or when it became an official part of the uniform.

In 1979, US Air Force Tactical Air Control Party (TACP) airmen were given authorization to wear the black beret. In 1984, two TACP airmen submitted a design for a unique beret flash and crest that would be worn on the beret in the same manner as the US Army.[1][15] The US Air Force approved the design and authorized all TACP airman to wear the new flash and crest in 1985.[15] Soon thereafter, ALOs were given authorization to wear the black beret and the TACP Flash (no crest).[2][15] Similarly, Air Mobility Liaison Officers (AMLO) were also authorized to wear the black beret[33] and in January 2015 TIOH authorized the modification and wear of a variant of the TACP/ALO beret flash for AMLOs; it authorized the inclusion of a small eight-point black and white compass rose to the upper-left corner of the flash[34] to help distinguish AMLOs from ALOs.

In 2004, the US Air Force authorized the wear of the pewter-green beret to graduates of the US Air Force Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape (SERE) specialist technical school. The beret's flash, also known as the SERE specialist device, is a relatively small polished metal shield embossed with their SERE emblem and motto.[2][35]

{{multiple image
|align = left
|width = 110
|image1= Former US Air Force Special Operations Weather Technician beret flash-1.svg
|image2= Former US Air Force Special Operations Weather Technician beret flash-2.svg
|footer= Renderings of two former SOWT flashes
}}

Although there is limited information on the US Air Force Special Operations Weather Technician (SOWT) Beret Flash, historical photographs show the use of two unique cloth flashes that were worn on their distinctive gray beret along with a small metal Combat Weather Team Crest.[36][37] Around 2010, the flashes and crest were replaced with a large metal SOWT Flash, similar in proportions to the current Pararescueman and Combat Controller Flashes.[38]

In 2018, the US Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) authorized the wearing of the brown beret to airman assigned to the 6th and 711th Special Operations Squadrons who specialized as CAAs within the US military. Although not authorized by the US Air Force, these squadrons are authorized to wear the beret while on AFSOC installations. The beret is worn with a US Army style blue and green cloth beret flash (no crest).[39]

{{Clear}}

US Navy

{{multiple image
|width1 = 280
|image1 = 428-GX-USN 1142474 (26370944616).jpg
|caption1= The Chief of Naval Operations and COMRIVPATFOR wearing berets with River Patrol Force TF-116 patch as the beret's flash, circa 1969
|width2 = 153
|image2 = Historical US Navy Female Black Beret.png
|caption2= A sailor wearing beret with miniature Enlisted Cap Device as the beret's flash
}}

In the 1960s, select US Navy riverine patrol units adopted the black beret to be part of their daily uniform.[40][41] In April 1967—after being denied approval by Commander, Naval Forces Vietnam—Commander of the Riverine Patrol Force (COMRIVPATFOR) sent an official message to the Commander of River Patrol Flotilla Five authorizing the wear of the black beret. In this message, COMRIVPATFOR defined the wear and appearance of the beret along with its distinctive flash stating, "Beret will be worn with river patrol force insignia centered on right side." and "Only standard size river patrol force insignia will be worn on beret. ... No other emblem or rank insignia will be displayed on beret."[41] Today, these US Navy small boat units honor their Vietnam harritige by wearing the black beret with historically relevant riverine task force flashes during special occasions, such as award and promotion ceremonies.[42][43]

For many years, the US Navy authorized the wear of a special black beret by female sailors. Female commissioned officers and commissioned warrant officers wore a miniature version of the US Navy Commissioned Officer Cap Device and female warrant officers (WO1) wore two small gold crossed foul anchors as their beret's flash. Female chief petty officers wore their rank insignia while female petty officers and seamen wore the US Navy Enlisted Cap Device as their beret's flash.[44][45] The US Navy Uniform Board discontinued the wear of the female black beret on 1 October 2016.[46]

Some beret flashes currently in use

Joint beret flashes

US Army

Acquisition and Test

Armor

Aviation

Cavalry

Civil Affairs

Engineer

Field Artillery

Infantry

Military Intelligence

Military Police

Multidisciplinary Commands

Ordnance

Psychological Operations

Public Affairs

Quartermaster

Signal

Special Forces

Support

Sustainment

Training

US Air Force

See also

{{Portal|United States Army|United States Air Force|United States Navy}}
  • Air Assault Badge—Background Trimmings
  • Badges of the United States Air Force
  • Uniforms of the United States Army
  • Uniforms of the United States Air Force
  • Uniforms of the United States Navy

References

1. ^1 2 3 Department of the Army Pamphlet 670–1, Uniform and Insignia Guide to the Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia, armypubs.army.mil, dated 25 May 2017, last accessed 4 July 2017
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 Air Force Instruction 36-2903, Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel, Department of the Air Force, Air Force e-Publishing, dated 28 May 2015, updated 9 February 2017, last accessed 4 July 2017
3. ^US Army / US Army Heraldry / Beret Flash and Background Trimmings, The Institute of Heraldry, last accessed 19 November 2016
4. ^1 Quiet Professionals don brown beret, US Air Force Special Operations Command, by Capt Monique Roux, dated 8 January 2018, last accessed 28 April 2018
5. ^[https://www.army.mil/article/167541/war_eagle_troopers_receive_multinational_force_and_observers_medal War Eagle Troopers receive Multinational Force and Observers medal], Army.mil, by MAJ Michael Soyka and SGT William A. Tanner, dated 9 May 2016, last accessed 28 April 2018
6. ^[https://www.army.mil/article/111873/army_contributions_to_un_liberia_mission_significant_former_force_chief_says Army contributions to U.N. Liberia mission significant, former force chief says], Army.mil, by Lisa A. Ferdinando, dated 20 September 2013, last accessed 28 April 2018
7. ^AFSC 13LX Air Liaison Officer, Career Field Education and Training Plan, Department of the Air Force, dated 21 May 2013, last accessed 24 November 2016
8. ^1 The 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment, Unit History and Group Photograph of the 505th PIR, circa 1942, ww2-airborne.us, last accessed 3 July 2018
9. ^1 2 [https://ciehub.info/ref/AR/670-1_2000-05-22.pdf Army Regulation 670-1, Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia] Headquarters Department of the Army, dated 22 May 2000, last accessed 3 July 2018
10. ^Army Regulation 670-1, Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia Headquarters Department of the Army, dated 1 July 2002, last accessed 3 July 2018
11. ^1 2 History of the Army Beret, CSA SENDS - THE ARMY BLACK BERET, armyreal.com, last accessed 2 July 2017
12. ^1 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Jmq1nCtgBA&t=791s Special Forces UDT Training at Okinawa & Army Mules ~ 1956 US Army; The Big Picture TV-372], the US Army's "The Big Picture," Pictorial Report No. 29; from Jeff Quitney YouTube Channel, published 3 March 2017, last accessed 19 June 2017
13. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AFG2uqkFnE&t=445s Army Special Forces: "Silent Warriors" US Army 1961; The Big Picture TV-518], the US Army's "The Big Picture;" from Jeff Quitney YouTube Channel, published 22 October 2014; last accessed 19 June 2017
14. ^[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DHX1Aww7B0A Green Berets: "Special Forces" 1962 US Army; Henry Fonda; The Big Picture TV-547], the US Army's "The Big Picture;" from Jeff Quitney YouTube Channel, published 19 November 2015; last accessed 19 June 2017
15. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 [https://www.thebalance.com/u-s-military-beret-history-3331980 U.S. Military Beret History], The Balance, US Military Careers, by Rod Powers, updated 8 September 2016, last accessed 24 June 2017
16. ^1 2 [https://web.archive.org/web/20010624053826/https://www.army.mil/features/beret/beret.htm#History A Short History of the Use of Berets in the U.S. Army], army.mil via WebArchive, dated 03 November 2000, last accessed 26 March 2019
17. ^Military Oval or not?, U.S. Militaria Forum, last accessed 28 April 2018
18. ^1 [https://www.armystudyguide.com/content/army_board_study_guide_topics/uniforms/history-of-the-beret.shtml Army Study Guide, History of the Beret], ArmyStudyGuide.com, last accessed 26 March 2019
19. ^1 AR 670-1 1981 (OBSOLETE) : Wear and appearance of Army uniforms and insignia, Department of the Army via Ike Skelton Combined Arms Research Library Digital Library, dated 1 November 1981, last accessed 26 March 2019
20. ^1 2 [https://books.google.com/books?id=pLPvCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT65&dq=us+army+recognition+bar&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjfjNzc8KfhAhWiuVkKHQzlDgIQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=us%20army%20recognition%20bar&f=false US Army Special Forces 1952–84], Bloomsbury Publishing, by Gordon L. Rottman, dated 20 September 2012, {{ISBN|9781782004462}}, last accessed 29 March 2019
21. ^Operation Urgent Fury (Grenada) (US Military photo gallery), PBase.com, by Oly Olson, last accessed 4 July 2018
22. ^1 Army Regulation 670–1, Uniform and Insignia Wear and Appearance of Army Uniforms and Insignia, Department of the Army, armypubs.army.mil, dated 25 May 2017, last accessed 4 July 2017
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/FlashTrim/FlashandTrimPage.htm|title=Beret Flashes and Background Trimmings|work=The US Army Institute of Heraldry|publisher=United States Department of the Army|accessdate=2008-11-15|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080822004122/http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/FlashTrim/FlashandTrimPage.htm|archivedate=2008-08-22}}
24. ^Insignia of Airborne Units, U.S. Army, Second World War, Airborne Breast Oval Background Trimmings, American Military Patches, Other Insignia and Decorations of World War Two, by Dr. Howard G. Lanham (hosted on angelfire.com], dated 2001, last accessed 24 June 2017
25. ^[https://www.eaglesofwar.com/Images/1%20Shoulder%20Sleeve%20Insignia/Beret%20Flashes%20and%20Background%20Trimmings/A-4-318.pdf Beret Flash for the 3d Security Force Assistance Brigade]; AAMH-IHS, Memorandum for Commander, Headquarters, 3d Security Force Assistance Brigade; Department of the Army (hosted on eaglesofwar.com); dated 8 August 2018; last accessed 23 March 2019
26. ^[https://books.google.com/books/about/Defensor_Fortis.html?id=j5_vS-ltlFIC&hl=en Defensor Fortis: A Brief History of USAF Security And Those Dedicated Few Who Defend The Air Force At The Ground Level (pages 37–38)], Universal Publishers Press, by Kali Pinckney, dated 1 November 2003, last accessed 5 July 2018
27. ^SAC Elite Guard History, The Real History of the Air Force Blue Beret, by Col Ray Balcer (USAF), dated April 2005, last accessed 5 July 2018
28. ^1 2 [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402094744/https://www.safesideassociation.org/blue_beret.html History of the Security Police Beret], by Safeside Association, last accessed 5 July 2018
29. ^USAF Security Police Squadrons in Vietnam, usmilitariaforum.com, posted 22 March 2009, last accessed 14 July 2017
30. ^Combat Search and Rescue in Southeast Asia, National Museum of the US Air Force, dated 18 May 2015, last accessed 17 July 2017
31. ^JUMP MAN, Oldest active-duty airman jumps from Vietnam era to present day, airman.dodlive.mil, dated 23 December 2013, last accessed 17 July 2017
32. ^This Gallery Is To Inform You Of The Most Recent Passing Of Those Within Our Brotherhood, I'm So Sorry!; MKP Air Base Thailand, May 1967, sgtmacsbar.com, last accessed 17 July 2017
33. ^[https://www.flickr.com/photos/usarmyeurope_images/6205399942 U.S. Army Europe, Clearing the DZ], U.S. Army Europe Flickr page, dated 29 September 2011, last accessed 23 March 2019
34. ^[https://www.eaglesofwar.com/c-1576-usaf-air-mobility-liaison-officer-a-4-299.aspx USAF, Air Mobility Liaison Officer, A-4-299], The Institute of Heraldry via the Eagles of War website, dated 20 January 2015, last accessed 20 March 2019
35. ^SERE graduates authorized berets, US Air Force, by A1C Nathan Putz (92nd Air Refueling Wing Public Affairs), dated 14 December 2004, last accessed 17 June 2018
36. ^Earning the gray beret, Keesler Air Force Base public website, dated 10 June 2008, last accessed 18 July 2017
37. ^[https://www.flickr.com/photos/rcsadvmedia/5871025429/in/album-72157627591270415/ Christian Shepherd, 18th Weather Squadron Combat Weatherman], flickr.com, taken 7 October 2007, last accessed 18 July 2017
38. ^[https://www.facebook.com/pg/Special-Operations-Weather-Team-Recruiting-156014841107605/photos/?tab=album&album_id=165127260196363 Special Operations Weather Team Recruiting Facebook page], Facebook.com, dated 9 December 2010, last accessed 18 July 2017
39. ^Quiet Professionals don brown beret, AFSOC, by Capt Monique Roux (919th Special Operations Wing Public Affairs), dated 8 January 2018, last accessed 5 July 2018
40. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=mlQJrG0EASAC&q=black+beret#v=snippet&q=black%20beret&f=false Brown Water, Black Berets: Coastal and Riverine Warfare in Vietnam], Naval Institute Press, by Thomas J. Cutler, dated 2000, {{ISBN|1557501963}}, last accessed 24 October 2018
41. ^1 River Patrol Force/River Patrol Flotilla Five (TF-116), Operation Game Warden, 8 November 1967 - 3 November 1968, by Thomas W. Glickman, dated 14 July 2008, last accessed 24 October 2018
42. ^[https://www.navy.mil/view_image.asp?id=94528 US Navy photo: 101123-N-9095H-009], by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Michael R. Hinchcliffe, dated 23 November 2010, last accessed 24 October 2018
43. ^[https://www.snafu-solomon.com/2014/11/us-navy-riverines-wearing-berets-now.html US Navy Riverines wearing berets now?], SNAFU!, by "Solomon," dated 7 November 2014, last accessed 24 October 2018
44. ^U.S. Navy Uniform Regulations, Summary of Changes (November 2016), US Navy, dated November 2016, last accessed 24 October 2018
45. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20070521043303/http://buperscd.technology.navy.mil/bup_updt/508/unireg/chapter3/3500_seriesArticles/3501_3.htm U.S. Navy Uniform Regulations (Historical)], dated January 1998, last accessed 24 October 2018
46. ^{{Cite web|title=NAVADMIN 208/15|url=http://www.public.navy.mil/bupers-npc/reference/messages/Documents/NAVADMINS/NAV2015/NAV15208.txt|date=September 2015|accessdate=March 4, 2016}}
{{US Army uniforms}}{{US Army navbox}}{{US Air Force navbox}}{{DEFAULTSORT:United States Military Beret Flash}}

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