| 词条 | Urinal (health care) |
| 释义 |
A urinal is a bottle for urination.[1] It is most frequently used in health care for patients who find it impossible or difficult to get out of bed during sleep. Urinals allow the patient who has cognition and movement of their arms to toilet independently. Urinals can also be used for measuring the amount of urine produced by a patient on input & output (I & O), even if not used by the patient for toileting. Generally, patients who are able to are encouraged to walk to the toilet or use a bedside commode as opposed to a urinal. The prolonged use of a urinal has been shown to lead to constipation or trouble urinating.[2] Urinals are most frequently used for male patients, since they are easier to use with male anatomy. While female urinals exist, they are more difficult to use, and the common practice for females is to use a bedpan.[3] Female urinals require a wider opening and must be placed between the legs.[4] For many women, female urinals are more practical in a wheelchair rather than in a bed.[5] But the opening part of urinal may get infected by the germs and can be disinfected by various chemicals.[6] References1. ^{{cite book|title=Illustrated Manual of Nursing Techniques|author1=King, E.M.|author2=Wieck, L.|author3=Dyer, M.|date=1981|publisher=Lippincott|isbn=9780397542840|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GVwVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA453|page=453|accessdate=2015-08-04}} {{Health care}}{{Toilets |state=expanded}}2. ^{{cite book|title=Clinical Nursing Procedures |author1=Belland, K.H.|author2=Wells, M.A.|date=1986|publisher=Jones and Bartlett Publishers |isbn=9780867203745 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wqxcNyJBgNoC&pg=PA26|page=26|accessdate=2015-08-04}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=Diversified Health Occupations|author=Simmers, L.|date=2008|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=9781418030216|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nz0bpa6oem8C&pg=PT887|accessdate=2015-08-04}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Patient Care in Community Practice: A Handbook of Non-medicinal Healthcare|author=Harman, R.J.|date=2002|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780853694502|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wVfAX2NdloAC&pg=PA46|page=46|accessdate=2015-08-04}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=The Urinary Incontinence Sourcebook|author1=Newman, D.K.|author2=Dzurinko, M.K.|date=1997|publisher=Lowell House|isbn=9781565656482|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Da9A1yo4g_gC&pg=PA258|page=258|accessdate=2015-08-04}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.safetykart.com/|title=Buy Safety Products, Child & Travel Safety Online in India - SafetyKart|website=SafetyKart|access-date=2016-09-09}} 3 : Incontinence|Medical equipment|Urine |
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