| 词条 | USA-226 | |||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = USA-226 | image = | image_caption = OTV-2 Launching on an Atlas V | mission_type = Demonstration | operator = U.S. Air Force | website = | COSPAR_ID = 2011-010A[1] | SATCAT = | mission_duration = 468 days, 13 hours, 2 minutes[2] | spacecraft_type = Boeing X-37B | manufacturer = Boeing | dry_mass = | launch_mass = {{convert|5400|kg|lb|abbr=on}}[2] | power = Deployable solar array, batteries[2] | launch_date = {{Start-date|5 March 2011, 22:46:00|timezone=yes}} UTC[3] | launch_rocket = Atlas V 501[2] | launch_site = Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | launch_contractor = United Launch Alliance | landing_date = {{End-date|16 June 2012, 12:48:00|timezone=yes}} UTC[2] | landing_site = Vandenberg, Runway 12 | orbit_epoch = 30 May 2012, 02:23:10 UTC[4] | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|278.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}[4] | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|289.3|km|mi|abbr=on}}[4] | orbit_inclination = 41.9°[4] | orbit_semimajor = {{convert|6662|km|mi|abbr=on}}[4] | orbit_eccentricity = 0.0008[4] | orbit_period = 90.2 min[4] | orbit_mean_motion = 15.96[4] | apsis = gee }} USA-226[1] is the first flight of the second Boeing X-37B, the Orbital Test Vehicle 2 (X-37B OTV-2), an American unmanned robotic vertical-takeoff, horizontal-landing spaceplane. It was launched aboard an Atlas V rocket from Cape Canaveral on 5 March 2011, and landed at Vandenberg Air Force Base on 16 June 2012. It operated in low Earth orbit. Its mission designation is part of the USA series. The spaceplane was operated by the United States Air Force, which has not revealed the specific identity of the payload for the first flight. The Air Force stated only that the spacecraft would "demonstrate various experiments and allow satellite sensors, subsystems, components, and associated technology to be transported into space and back."[5] LaunchOTV-2 was launched aboard an Atlas V rocket, tail number AV-026, on 5 March 2011 from Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.[6][7] It was scheduled to launch on the previous day, 4 March, but weather prevented the launch on that day, forcing the reschedule to 5 March. The launch was conducted by United Launch Alliance. The X-37B spacecraft was originally intended to be deployed from the payload bay of a NASA Space Shuttle, but following the Columbia accident, it was transferred to a Delta II 7920, then subsequently transferred to the Atlas V following concerns over the X-37B's aerodynamic properties during launch.[2] Prior to the installation of the spacecraft, the Atlas rocket was moved to the launch pad and performed a wet dress rehearsal on 4 February 2011.[6] It was returned to the Vertical Integration Facility the following day for final assembly.[8] MissionMost of the mission parameters for the first OTV-2 flight have not been disclosed.[9] The Air Force stated the mission time would depend on progress of the craft's experiments during orbit. On 29 November 2011 a spokesperson for the Secretary of the Air Force announced the mission was extended beyond its original life expectancy, citing ongoing experimentation.[10] In addition to its unspecified payload, OTV-2 carried a folded solar panel in its cargo bay to power the spacecraft during its year and a half long mission.[11] Altitude and ground track resonance history
LandingAfter completing its mission, OTV-2 deorbited, entered the atmosphere, and landed at Vandenberg Air Force Base on 16 June 2012 at 05:48 PT (12:48 GMT).[15] OTV-2 is the third reusable spaceplane to perform an automated landing after returning from orbit, the first being the Soviet Buran spacecraft in 1988[16] and the second, its sister craft, the OTV-1.[17] See also{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.heavens-above.com/satinfo.aspx?satid=37375 |title=X-37B - Satellite Information |work=Heavens Above |accessdate=10 July 2013}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/x-37.htm |title=X-37B OTV 1, 2, 3 |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter D. |last=Krebs |accessdate=10 July 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftOrbit.do?id=2011-010A |title=OTV 2: Launch information |work=National Space Science Data Center via NASA.gov |accessdate=10 July 2013}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web |url=http://www.heavens-above.com/orbit.aspx?satid=37375 |title=X-37B - Orbit |publisher=Heavens Above |date=30 May 2012 |accessdate=10 July 2013}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Military/2010/0420/Air-Force-to-launch-X-37-space-plane-Precursor-to-war-in-orbit |title=Air Force To Launch X-37 Space Plane: Precursor To War In Orbit? |work=The Christian Science Monitor |last=Lubold |first=Gordon |date=20 April 2010 |accessdate=23 April 2010}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av026/status.html |title=Mission Status Center (OTV-2) |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Justin |last=Ray |date=5 March 2011 |accessdate=10 July 2013}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2011/03/x-37b-launch-air-force-space-plane.html |title=Air Force hopes to launch X-37B space plane after weather delay |work=Los Angeles Times |series=Technology |first=W. J. |last=Hennigan |date=5 March 2011 |accessdate=5 March 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av012/status.html |title=Mission Status Center (OTV-1) |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Justin |last=Ray |date=23 April 2010 |accessdate=23 April 2010}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av012/100225x37arrival/ |title=Air Force X-37B spaceplane arrives in Florida for launch |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=25 February 2010 |accessdate=3 March 2010}} 10. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n1111/29otv2/ |title=Military space shuttle receives mission extension |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=29 November 2011 |accessdate=10 July 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.strategypage.com/dls/articles/X-37-Evolves-Into-A-Mini-Space-Shuttle-12-14-2011.asp |title=X-37 Evolves Into A Mini Space Shuttle |work=Strategy Page |first=James |last=Dunnigan |date=14 December 2011 |accessdate=6 January 2012}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Mar-2011/0187.html |title=X-37B OTV 2-1 found by Greg Roberts |work=SatObs.org |first=Ted |last=Molczan |date=9 March 2011}} 13. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Mar-2011/0238.html |title=Updated X-37B OTV 2-1 elements |work=SatObs.org |first=Ted |last=Molczan |date=14 March 2011}} 14. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.satobs.org/seesat/Mar-2011/0369.html |title=Updated X-37B OTV 2-1 elements |work=SatObs.org |first=Ted |last=Molczan |date=30 March 2011}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av026/landing/ |title=Air Force's mini space shuttle returns after 468-day flight |work=Spaceflight New |last=Ray |first=Justin |date=16 June 2012 |accessdate=16 June 2012}} 16. ^{{cite book |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20050010181 |title=Rockets and People |volume=1 |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration |series=NASA History Series |first=Boris E. |last=Chertok |editor-first=Asif A. |editor-last=Siddiqi |format=PDF |year=2005 |page=179 |id=SP-2005-4110}} 17. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/news/n1012/03x37landing/ |title=Home again: U.S. military space plane returns to Earth |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=3 December 2010}} External links
6 : Spacecraft launched in 2011|DARPA|Satellites of the United States Air Force|Spacecraft which reentered in 2012|USA satellites|Articles containing video clips |
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