| 词条 | Utah State Industrial School |
| 释义 |
| name = Utah State Industrial School | image = | imagesize = | caption = | established = 1888 | opened = October 31, 1889 — 1983 | type = Reform school | district = | grades = | superintendent = | principal = | students = 350[1] | teaching_staff = | campus type = | coordinates = | location = 200 N. Washington Blvd. Ogden, Utah 84404[2] | country = United States | website = }}Utah State Industrial School was a juvenile reform school that operated in Ogden, Utah from October 31, 1889 to 1983.[2] HistoryIn 1888, the Utah Territorial Assembly passed the Reform School bill, at the initiative of Salt Lake City attorney James Moyle, to help juvenile delinquents by teaching new skills and improving habits. In May 1888, a committee researched schools around the United States to determine which model would be best for the Utah Territory.[2] The Utah Territorial Reform School opened in Ogden on October 31, 1889. Boys and girls lived in the same dormitories during the first ten years, but daily activities, were divided by gender. Discipline was an ongoing concern deemed necessary to keep children in line at the school. Punishment ranged from deprivation of meals and privileges, to solitary confinement, whipping, and the use of restraints.[2] Youths were confined at the school by the order of juvenile court judges.[3] On June 24, 1891, a fire destroyed most of the building, including the resident halls. The Ogden Military Academy offered its vacant buildings to operate in while the school was to be rebuilt. In 1896, the school permanently took over the site of the old military academy. With Utah becoming a state, the school was officially renamed the Utah State Industrial School.[2] InvestigationsThe school was placed under repeated scrutiny over the course of the 20th century. In 1909, it was investigated for graft.[3] In October 1963, political pressure was brought upon the state after a rash of escapes by internees culminated in the shooting death of Detective Sergeant Marshall N. White.[4] In 1973, the state considered closing the school because of overcrowding and a lack of adequate facilities.[2] In 1977, it was renamed the Youth Development Center.[5] The Utah affiliate of the American Civil Liberties Union brought suit against the center in the 1980s, charging it with inhumane conditions of confinement.[6] The center was finally closed in 1983 and replaced by two newer facilities in Ogden and Salt Lake City as Utah moved towards community-based treatment and rehabilitation instead of incarceration of juvenile offenders.[7] In 1984, the site became the present-day location of Ogden–Weber Technical College.[8] Notable internees
References1. ^{{cite web|publisher=Utah State Courts|url=http://www.utcourts.gov/resources/reports/FAMCTRPT/goals.htm|title=The Family Department and the Delivery of Services - Notes|accessdate=2010-06-24}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|publisher=Utah History to Go|work=History Blazer|url=http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/statehood_and_the_progressive_era/juveniledelinquencyposedproblemsforutahns.html|title=Juvenile Delinquency Posed Problems For Utahns A Century Ago|author=Yvette D. Ison|accessdate=2010-06-23|date=June 1995}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|publisher=University of Illinois Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UXVj398JvnsC&pg=PA352&lpg=PA352&dq=Utah+State+Industrial+School&source=bl&ots=WLCRCN8EBK&sig=6RTQ8thLkoXlV1v4LxsE9ouPWUg&hl=en&ei=AhAjTM_wKennnQeAttwm&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBcQ6AEwADgU#v=onepage&q=Utah%20State%20Industrial%20School|title=Same-Sex Dynamics Among Nineteenth-Century Americans: A Mormon Example|author=D. Michael Quinn|accessdate=2010-06-24|year=2001}} 4. ^{{cite web|publisher=Ogden Standard-Examiner|url=http://archive.ogdencity.com/memorial.mwhite.html|title=Officials Concerned Over Escapee Issue|accessdate=2010-06-24|date=1963-10-18}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 5. ^{{cite web|publisher=Utah State Archives|url=http://historyresearch.utah.gov/agencyhistories/1116.html|title=Dept. of Human Services - Agency History #1116|accessdate=2010-06-23|date=2003-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617153409/http://historyresearch.utah.gov/agencyhistories/1116.html|archive-date=2010-06-17|dead-url=yes|df=}} 6. ^{{cite web|publisher=ACLU of Utah|url=http://www.acluutah.org/history.htm|title=The History of the ACLU of Utah|accessdate=2010-06-24}} 7. ^{{cite web|publisher=University of Utah |url=http://www.justice.utah.gov/research/Juvenile/Serious%20Youth%20Offender.pdf |title=The Impact of the Serious Youth Offender Law |author=Russell K. Van Vleet |accessdate=2010-06-24 |date=October 1999 |display-authors=etal |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091221194823/http://www.justice.utah.gov/Research/Juvenile/Serious%20Youth%20Offender.pdf |archivedate=December 21, 2009 }} 8. ^1 {{cite web|publisher=Phileas Deigh Corporation|url=http://www.sacredhealing.com/triadoption/AAOMH/Utah.pdf|title=Adoption Agencies, Orphanages and Maternity Homes: An historical directory, Vol. 2, p.386: Utah|author=Reg Niles|accessdate=2010-06-23|year=1981}} 9. ^{{cite web|publisher=truTV|url=http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/jack_abbott/4.html|title=Jack Abbott: From the Belly of the Beast|author=Mark Gado|accessdate=2010-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601213633/http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/jack_abbott/4.html|archive-date=2009-06-01|dead-url=yes|df=}} 10. ^{{cite news|publisher=The Salt Lake Tribune|url=http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/news/49705008-78/gardner-events-shooting-1985.html.csp|title=Ronnie Lee Gardner: A dark and deadly path|author=Nate Carlisle|accessdate=2010-06-22|date=2010-06-14}} External links
9 : Defunct schools in Utah|Educational institutions established in 1888|Educational institutions disestablished in 1983|Juvenile detention centers in the United States|Buildings and structures in Ogden, Utah|Prisons in Utah|Schools in Weber County, Utah|1888 establishments in Utah Territory|1983 disestablishments in Utah |
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