| 词条 | Utetheisa pulchella | ||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Crimson-speckled flunkey | image = Arctiidae - Utetheisa pulchella.JPG | image_caption = Adult of Utetheisa pulchella | taxon = Utetheisa pulchella | authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) [1] |synonyms_ref = [2] |synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true |Tinea pulchella Linnaeus, 1758 |Deiopeia pulchra |Utetheisa callima dilutior Rothschild, 1910 |Utetheisa kallima Swinhoe, 1907 |Utetheisa pulchella completa Weymer, 1908 |Lithosia amabilis Trost, 1801 |Deiopeia pulchella var. candida Butler, 1877 |Noctua pulchra Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 |Utetheisa thytea Rothschild, 1914 |Deiopeia thyter Butler, 1877 |Utetheisa shyama Bhattacherjee et Gupta, 1969 |Utetheisa shiba Bhattacherjee et Gupta, 1969 |Utetheisa menoni Bhattacherjee et Gupta, 1969 }}}} Utetheisa pulchella, common name crimson-speckled flunkey or crimson-speckled moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. SubspeciesSubspecies include:[1][2][3]
Distribution and habitatThis common widespread species can be found in most of Europe (as a migrant), in the Afrotropical ecozone, in North Africa, in the Near East and Central Asia, in the Oriental ecozone (partly, but not known east from Myanmar[4])[5]. In the United Kingdom it is only a sporadic migrant. These moths inhabit dry open places, meadows, shrublands, grasslands and parks.[8] DescriptionThe wingspan of Utetheisa pulchella can reach 29–42 mm.[6] The front wings are narrow, white or cream colored with a variable pattern of numerous small black spots located between the larger-sized bright red spots. Sometimes the red spots are merged to transversal bands. The hindwings are wide, white, with an irregular black border along the outer edge and two black markings in the middle of the cell.[7] The head and thorax range from cream color to buff yellow, with the same pattern as the wings. The antennae are long and monofiliform. The abdomen is smooth, with a white background. Caterpillars are warty, dark brown or grayish, with tufts of grayish hairs, an orange cross-line on each segment, a wide whitish line along the back and two other lateral white lines.[8] BiologyThis species in southern Europe overwinters as a caterpillar. Pupation occurs on the ground near the host plants, usually on fallen leaves and dead vegetation, or pieces of bark and old wood. During mild winters in temperate and typically Mediterranean climates this species hibernates as pupae. Adults of this plurivoltine species usually are present from March to early November in three generations a year, but in the tropics, they develop continuously. They fly both day and night and come to light.[7] The polyphagous larvae feed on a range of herbaceous plants, mainly on forget-me-not (Myosotis), Echium, Borago officinalis, Solanum, Plantago lanceolata and Anchusa species.[9] In the Afrotropical ecozone they mainly feed on Trichodesma zeylanicum, Lithospermum, Heliotropium, Trichodesma and Gossypium' species.[10] Due to their food, the caterpillars accumulate a large amount of alkaloids, consequently also the moths are toxic and unpalatable to birds. The characteristic coloration of its wings serve as a sign of warning to their predators (aposematism). GalleryBibliography
References1. ^1 [https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id54859/ Biolib] 2. ^1 Lepiforum.de 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://ftp.funet.fi/index/Tree_of_life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/noctuoidea/arctiidae/arctiinae/utetheisa/|title=Utetheisa|website=ftp.funet.fi|access-date=2017-07-26}} 4. ^Jordan, K. (1939): On the constancy and variability of the differences between the old world species of Utetheisa (Lepid., Arctiidae). Novitates Zoologicae 41: 251-291. 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=447038|title=Fauna Europaea|website=www.faunaeur.org|language=en|access-date=2017-07-26}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/utetheisa-pulchella/|title=Crimson Speckled Utetheisa pulchella|website=UK Moths|language=en|access-date=2017-07-26}} 7. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.vlindernet.nl/vlindersoort.php?vlinderid=487&q=utetheisa+pulchella|title=De Vlinderstichting {{!}} Vlinder: prachtbeer / Utetheisa pulchella|last=Netherlands|first=e-Vision.nl, The|website=www.vlindernet.nl|language=nl|access-date=2017-07-26}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au/arct/pulch.html|title=Utetheisa pulchelloides|website=lepidoptera.butterflyhouse.com.au|access-date=2017-07-26}} 9. ^Paolo Mazzei, Daniel Morel, Raniero Panfili Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.afromoths.net/species_by_code/UTETPULC|title=AfroMoths|website=www.afromoths.net|access-date=2017-07-26}} External links{{Commonscat|Utetheisa pulchella}}
14 : Utetheisa|Moths described in 1758|Moths of Africa|Moths of Australia|Moths of Europe|Moths of Cape Verde|Moths of Comoros|Moths of Madagascar|Moths of Mauritius|Moths of the Middle East|Moths of Réunion|Moths of Seychelles|Moths of Turkey|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。