| 词条 | Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576 |
| 释义 |
The first operational launch of an Atlas missile by the Strategic Air Command was conducted from 576-A-2 by the 576th Strategic Missile Squadron on September 9, 1959. It impacted {{convert|4480|nmi|km}} away, near Wake Island.[3] The first Atlas F launch at Vandenberg took place from 576-E on August 1, 1962.[4] Orbital Sciences Corporation now launches their Taurus rockets from 576-E.[5][6] 576-E is also a candidate site for launches of Kinetic Energy Interceptor boosters. The USAF and Missile Defense Agency anticipate a minimum of three KEI launches per year from 2009 to at least 2012.[6] 576AThe first pad in the complex, 576-A2, hosted the inaugural Atlas launch from the West Coast when Missile 12D flew a successful 1100 mile (1800 km) arc across the Pacific Ocean on September 9, 1959. The site was not used again until 1965 when it was converted for the Atlas F and hosted 13 ABRES and OV-1 launches. The second pad in the complex, 576-A3, began operation in 1960. It hosted reentry vehicle and Nike-Zeus target tests on the Atlas D and F through 1974. Pad 576-A1 was severely damaged when Atlas 19D exploded on it during a fuel loading exercise on March 5, 1960. It did not enter regular use as a launching facility until 1962 when it hosted Atlas D reentry vehicle and Nike-Zeus target tests. In 1967, the pad was converted for the Atlas F and hosted more reentry vehicle tests until being decommissioned in 1974. One space launch took place from 576-A1, the launch of RADSAT in 1972. {{Main|Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576A}}{{Clear}}576B576-B's three pads were coffins sites for Atlas ICBM tests. The facility was the source of some trouble in the beginning due to a construction error as one umbilical on the silos was installed incorrectly. After four failed launches from 576-B, it was discovered that the umbilical was releasing prematurely at liftoff when it still had live electrical current in it, which shorted out components in the missiles. Repairs were made during early 1961 and launches resumed that May. 576-B1 began operation in 1960 and hosted five missile tests until 1965, when it hosted Nike-Zeus and reentry vehicle tests. The pad was decommissioned in 1966. 576-B2 hosted Atlas D ICBM tests from 1960 to 1963, then it supported Nike-Zeus and reentry vehicle tests. The pad was decommissioned in 1967. 576-B3 hosted Atlas D ICBM tests from 1960 to 1963, then it supported reentry vehicle and OV-1 satellite launches. The pad was decommissioned in 1967. {{Main|Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576B}}{{Clear}}576CPad 576-C was only used for three Atlas E tests in 1963. {{Main|Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576C}}{{Clear}}576DPad 576-D was only used for two Atlas F tests in 1963-64. {{Main|Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576D}}{{Clear}}576EPad 576-E was used for four Atlas F tests in 1962-64. In the 1990s, the facility was revived for Minotaur-C and Pegasus launches. {{Main|Vandenberg AFB Launch Complex 576E}}{{Clear}}References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/sites/vanabres.htm |title=Vandenberg ABRES |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.siloworld.com/ICBM/ATLAS/ATD/VANDENBE.HTM |title=VANDENBERG AFB - HOME OF THE 576th STRATEGIC MISSILE SQUADRON |publisher=SiloWorld}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/sites/van576a2.htm |title=Vandenberg 576A2 |publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.siloworld.com/MISSILE%20%20LAUNCHES/VAFB/atlas__f.htm |title=ATLAS F |publisher=SiloWorld}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://asuwlink.uwyo.edu/~jimkirk/vandenberg.html |title=Vandenberg Air Force Base |author=Jim Kirkpatrick}} 6. ^1 Federal Register /Vol. 73, No. 245 / Friday, December 19, 2008 / Proposed Rules, page 77579. External links{{commonscatinline|Vandenberg Air Force Base Launch Complex 576}}{{Vandenberg Air Force Base launch sites}}{{coord|34|44|22|N|120|37|09|W|display=title}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vandenberg Launch Complex 576}} 3 : Vandenberg Air Force Base|Launch complexes of the United States Air Force|1959 establishments in California |
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