| 词条 | Antelope, Oregon |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Antelope, Oregon |settlement_type = City[1] |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Antelope Oregon post office.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Post office and abandoned building in Antelope |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Wasco_County_Oregon_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Antelope_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location in Oregon |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Oregon |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Wasco |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Mayor - Larry Smith |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = 1901 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = 0.48 |area_footnotes = [2] |area_total_km2 = 1.24 |area_land_sq_mi = 0.48 |area_land_km2 = 1.24 |area_water_sq_mi = 0 |area_water_km2 = 0 |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_footnotes = [3] |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 47 |pop_est_as_of = 2012[1] |population_note = |population_total = 46 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = 37.0 |population_density_sq_mi = 95.8 |timezone = Pacific |utc_offset = -8 |timezone_DST = Pacific |utc_offset_DST = -7 |coordinates = {{coord|44|54|39|N|120|43|22|W|region:US-OR|display=inline,title}} |elevation_ft = 2654 |website = cityofantelope.us |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 97001 |area_code = 541 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 41-02250[3] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1116966[2] |footnotes = }} Antelope is a small town in Wasco County, Oregon, United States. It has an estimated population of 47 people (as of 2012),[1] and is incorporated as a city.[3] The town was incorporated in 1901, though it was founded earlier. The City of Antelope was originally a stage and freight wagon road stop on the Old Dalles to Canyon City Trail. Howard Maupin came to Antelope in 1863 to operate a horse ranch, becoming the caretaker of the stage station which was established by Henry Wheeler in 1864. Maupin began raising cattle to provide meat for travelers. Nathan Wallace, who is sometimes credited with being Antelope's first postmaster, acquired the Antelope stage station from Maupin in 1870. Records indicate the community was considered to have been established in 1872. In the early 1980s, members of the Rajneesh movement moved in and effectively took over the government of the city by outnumbering the original residents with new voter registrations. On September 18, 1984, a vote was held and the city was renamed to "Rajneesh".[4] By 1985, after several of the Rajneesh movement leaders were discovered to have been involved in criminal behavior (including a mass food poisoning attack and an aborted plot to assassinate a U.S. Attorney), their guru left the country as part of a negotiated settlement of federal immigration fraud charges, and the Rajneesh commune collapsed. On November 6, 1985, the city voted to rename itself back to Antelope. HistoryThe Antelope Valley was probably named by European-American members of Joseph Sherar's party, who were packing supplies to mines in the John Day area.[5] Sherar became known as the operator of a toll bridge across the Deschutes River, on a cut-off of the Barlow Road.[6] There were many pronghorns (often called pronghorn antelope) in the area in the early 19th century.[5] In the mid-19th century, Antelope was along the wagon road connecting The Dalles on the Columbia River with gold mines near Canyon City. After about 1870, the wagon road became known as The Dalles Military Road.[7] The road crossed the Deschutes River on Sherar's Bridge.[8] The Antelope post office was established in 1871, with Howard Maupin, founder of Maupin, Oregon, as the first postmaster.[5] The town's population peaked around 1900,[16] shortly after the Columbia Southern Railway completed a {{convert|70|mi|km|adj=on}} rail line from Biggs, on the Columbia River, to Shaniko, a few miles north of Antelope.[9] The railroad timetable for September 9, 1900, lists a daily stagecoach run from the train terminal in Shaniko to Antelope and beyond.[9] Antelope was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on January 29, 1901. The Rajneeshpuram, a commune started by the Rajneesh movement, was established near the town in 1981. The organization collapsed in 1985 following the discovery by the authorities of criminal activities, such as the 1984 Rajneeshee bioterror attack. On November 6, 1985, the remaining residents, which included both original residents and some remaining Rajneeshees, voted 34 to 0 to restore the original name, and it was subsequently restored in 1986.[3] The U.S. Postal Service had never recognized the change of name.[5] Subsequent to the collapse of the commune, the property reverted to ownership by the State of Oregon for non-payment of taxes, and was sold to Montana billionaire Dennis Washington in 1991 for $3.65 million.[10] Currently, the ranch, {{convert|18|mi|km}} from Antelope,[11] is operated by Young Life, a Christian parachurch organization. It has been converted into a Christian youth camp known as "Washington Family Ranch".[12] The events of the mid-1980s that involved the city were the subject of the 2018 Netflix documentary Wild Wild Country. GeographyAntelope, in Wasco County in north-central Oregon, is along Oregon Route 218 just north of its intersection with Oregon Route 293.[13] By highway, the city is {{convert|34|mi|km}} northeast of Madras and {{convert|143|mi|km}} east of Portland.[14] Antelope Creek, in the Deschutes River watershed, flows by Antelope.[13] The city is at an elevation of {{convert|2654|ft|m}} above sea level.[2] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|0.48|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.[15] ClimateAccording to the Köppen climate classification system, Antelope has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb). {{Weather box|location = Antelope |single line = Y | Jan record high F = 65 | Feb record high F = 72 | Mar record high F = 78 | Apr record high F = 90 | May record high F = 98 | Jun record high F = 103 | Jul record high F = 107 | Aug record high F = 109 | Sep record high F = 105 | Oct record high F = 91 | Nov record high F = 76 | Dec record high F = 72 | year record high F = 109 | Jan high F = 40 | Feb high F = 45.3 | Mar high F = 52 | Apr high F = 59.1 | May high F = 67.2 | Jun high F = 75.3 | Jul high F = 85.6 | Aug high F = 84.5 | Sep high F = 76.1 | Oct high F = 63.9 | Nov high F = 49.4 | Dec high F = 41.4 | year high F = 61.6 | Jan low F = 23.3 | Feb low F = 26.3 | Mar low F = 29.4 | Apr low F = 32.7 | May low F = 38.1 | Jun low F = 44.2 | Jul low F = 49.7 | Aug low F = 49 | Sep low F = 42.8 | Oct low F = 35.5 | Nov low F = 29.1 | Dec low F = 24.7 | year low F = 35.4 | Jan record low F = -27 | Feb record low F = -22 | Mar record low F = 5 | Apr record low F = 11 | May record low F = 10 | Jun record low F = 12 | Jul record low F = 29 | Aug record low F = 30 | Sep record low F = 20 | Oct record low F = 8 | Nov record low F = -7 | Dec record low F = -20 | year record low F = -27 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 1.59 | Feb precipitation inch = 1.14 | Mar precipitation inch = 1.13 | Apr precipitation inch = 1.03 | May precipitation inch = 1.39 | Jun precipitation inch = 1.05 | Jul precipitation inch = 0.33 | Aug precipitation inch = 0.49 | Sep precipitation inch = 0.66 | Oct precipitation inch = 0.97 | Nov precipitation inch = 1.65 | Dec precipitation inch = 1.71 | year precipitation inch = 13.14 | Jan precipitation days = 11 | Feb precipitation days = 9 | Mar precipitation days = 10 | Apr precipitation days = 8 | May precipitation days = 8 | Jun precipitation days = 6 | Jul precipitation days = 2 | Aug precipitation days = 3 | Sep precipitation days = 4 | Oct precipitation days = 6 | Nov precipitation days = 11 | Dec precipitation days = 11 | Jan snow inch = 7.1 | Feb snow inch = 3.3 | Mar snow inch = 2.2 | Apr snow inch = 1.1 | May snow inch = 0.1 | Jun snow inch = 0 | Jul snow inch = 0 | Aug snow inch = 0 | Sep snow inch = 0.1 | Oct snow inch = 0.1 | Nov snow inch = 1.8 | Dec snow inch = 5.2 | year snow inch = 21.1 |source 1 = [16] |date=November 2015 }} Demographics{{US Census population|1890= 184 |1900= 249 |1910= 175 |1920= 199 |1930= 136 |1940= 90 |1950= 60 |1960= 46 |1970= 51 |1980= 39 |1990= 34 |2000= 59 |2010= 46 |estyear=2016 |estimate=50 |estref=[17] |footnote=source:[18][19] }} 2010 censusAs of the census of 2010, there were 46 people, 28 households, and 10 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|96|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 43 housing units at an average density of {{convert|90|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 91.3% White (42 people), 2.2% Native American (1 person), 2.2% Asian (1 person), and 4.3% from two or more races (2 people).[18] There were 28 households of which 11% (3 households) had children under the age of 18 living with them, 21% (6 households) were married couples living together, 4% (1 household) had a female householder with no husband present, 11% (3 households) had a male householder with no wife present, and 64% (18 households) were non-families. About 61% (17 households) of all households were made up of individuals and 46% (13 households) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.64 and the average family size was 2.70.[18] The median age in the city was 62 years. About 15% of residents (7 people) were under the age of 18; 2% (1 person) were between the ages of 18 and 24; 11% (5 people) were from 25 to 44; 30.3% (14 people) were from 45 to 64; and 41% (19 people) were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52% (24 people) male and 48% (22 people) female.[18] Footnotes1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Population Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=June 2, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |archivedate=June 17, 2013 |df= }} 2. ^1 {{cite web | work = Geographic Names Information System| publisher = United States Geological Survey | date = November 28, 1980 | url ={{Gnis3|1116966}}| title = Antelope | accessdate =August 11, 2013}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite|url=https://www.cityofantelope.us|title=Antelope Oregon|website=Official City of Antelope Oregon Website|accessdate=June 14, 2018}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/rajneesh/index.ssf/1985/07/incorporation_of_city_opens_do.html|title=Incorporation of Rajneeshpuram opens door to development (part 9 of 20)|work=OregonLive.com|access-date=2018-06-09|language=en-US|quote=Sangeet also became city attorney for Antelope, Rajneeshpuram's nearest neighbor, which was taken over by sannyasins and renamed Rajneesh. Sangeet is an acharya.}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book | last = McArthur | first = Lewis A. | authorlink = Lewis A. McArthur | author2 = Lewis L. McArthur | title = Oregon Geographic Names |origyear = 1928 | edition = 7th | year = 2003 | publisher = Oregon Historical Society Press | location = Portland, Oregon | isbn = 0-87595-277-1 | page = 27}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Jette|first=Melinda|title=Sherar's Hotel & Toll Bridge, c. 1910|url=http://www.ohs.org/education/oregonhistory/historical_records/dspDocument.cfm?doc_ID=8A131DA8-92FB-C912-7A9F8C3B09FBF50D|work=The Oregon History Project|publisher=Oregon Historical Society|year=2004|accessdate=September 20, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070927025345/http://www.ohs.org/education/oregonhistory/historical_records/dspDocument.cfm?doc_ID=8A131DA8-92FB-C912-7A9F8C3B09FBF50D| archivedate= September 27, 2007 | deadurl= no}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Regional History|url=http://www.paleolands.org/find/time/here/C45|publisher=Oregon Paleo Lands Institute|year=2013|accessdate=August 11, 2013}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Corning, ed.|first=Howard McKinley|title=Dictionary of Oregon History|publisher=Binford & Mort Publishing|location=Portland, Oregon|edition=2nd|year=1989|origyear=1956|page=241|isbn=0-8323-0449-2}} 9. ^1 {{cite book|last=Culp|first=Edwin D.|title=Stations West: The Story of the Oregon Railways|pages=100–101|publisher=Bonanza Books|location=New York|year=1978|oclc=4751643}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/20/us/antelope-journal-oregon-ranch-with-a-troubled-past-faces-a-dubious-future.html|title=Antelope Journal;Oregon Ranch With a Troubled Past Faces a Dubious Future|last=Egan|first=Timothy|access-date=2018-05-03|language=en}} 11. ^{{cite web|last=Abbott|first=Carl|title=Rajneeshees|work=The Oregon Encyclopedia|url=http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/rajneeshees/|publisher=Portland State University|accessdate=August 12, 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Washington Family Ranch |url=http://sites.younglife.org/camps/washingtonfamilyranch/default.aspx |publisher=Young Life |accessdate=August 11, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330080945/http://sites.younglife.org/camps/washingtonfamilyranch/default.aspx |archivedate=March 30, 2013 }} 13. ^1 {{cite book|title=Oregon Atlas & Gazetteer|publisher=DeLorme|location=Yarmouth, Maine|page=76|year=2008|edition=7th|isbn=978-0-89933-347-2}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Antelope Community Profile |publisher=Infrastructure Finance Authority |url=http://www.orinfrastructure.org/profiles/Antelope/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105065216/http://www.orinfrastructure.org/profiles/Antelope/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=January 5, 2010 |year=2009 |accessdate=August 11, 2013 }} 15. ^1 {{cite web|title=U.S. Gazetteer: 2010, 2000, and 1990|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=August 10, 2013}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or0197 |title=ANTELOPE, OR (350197) |accessdate=November 22, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 18. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder – Community Facts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml|accessdate=August 10, 2013|deadurl=no |df= }} 19. ^1 {{cite book|last=Moffatt|first=Riley Moore|title=Population History of Western U.S. Cities and Towns, 1850–1990|location=Lanham, Maryland|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=1996|page=206|isbn=978-0-8108-3033-2}} Further reading
External links{{Commons category|Antelope, Oregon}}
5 : Cities in Oregon|Cities in Wasco County, Oregon|Populated places established in 1871|Rajneesh movement|1871 establishments in Oregon |
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