“Nampo”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Nampo (North Korean official spelling: Nampho; {{IPA-ko|nam.pʰo|pron}}), also spelled Namp'o, is a city and seaport in South Pyongan Province, North Korea, which lies on the northern shore of the Taedong River, 15 km east of the river's mouth. Formerly known as Chinnamp'o, it was a provincial-level "Directly Governed City" ("Chikhalsi") from 1980 to 2004, and was designated a "Special City" ("T'ŭkgŭpsi"; tŭkpyŏlsi; 특별시; 特別市), in 2010, and made a part of South P'yŏngan. Namp'o is approximately 50 km southwest of P'yŏngyang, at the mouth of the Taedong River.

Namp'o was originally a small fishing village that became a port for foreign trade in 1897, developing into a modern port in 1945 after World War II. With the rapid increase in state investment, the city's industrial capacity grew. Some of the city's industrial facilities include the city's Smelter Complex, Glass Corporation, Shipbuilding Complex, Fishery Complex, and other central and local factories. Namp'o is a center for the DPRK shipbuilding industry. North of the city are facilities for freight transportation, aquatic products, and fishery, and a sea salt factory. Apples grown in the city's Ryonggang district (룡강군) are a famous local product.^[3]

Administrative divisions

Namp'o is divided into 5 kuyŏk and 2 kun, which are in turn subdivided into tong and ri:

Climate

{{Weather box
| location = Nampo
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan high C = 0.0
| Feb high C = 1.7
| Mar high C = 7.4
| Apr high C = 15.1
| May high C = 21.0
| Jun high C = 25.2
| Jul high C = 27.6
| Aug high C = 27.9
| Sep high C = 24.0
| Oct high C = 18.0
| Nov high C = 9.7
| Dec high C = 1.7
| Jan mean C = -4.6
| Feb mean C = -3.0
| Mar mean C = 2.8
| Apr mean C = 9.7
| May mean C = 15.6
| Jun mean C = 20.3
| Jul mean C = 23.8
| Aug mean C = 23.9
| Sep mean C = 19.3
| Oct mean C = 12.6
| Nov mean C = 5.0
| Dec mean C = -2.4
| Jan low C = -9.1
| Feb low C = -7.6
| Mar low C = -1.7
| Apr low C = 4.4
| May low C = 10.3
| Jun low C = 15.5
| Jul low C = 20.1
| Aug low C = 19.9
| Sep low C = 14.7
| Oct low C = 7.3
| Nov low C = 0.3
| Dec low C = -6.4
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm=14
|Feb precipitation mm=15
|Mar precipitation mm=25
|Apr precipitation mm=37
|May precipitation mm=77
|Jun precipitation mm=100
|Jul precipitation mm=278
|Aug precipitation mm=185
|Sep precipitation mm=100
|Oct precipitation mm=40
|Nov precipitation mm=37
|Dec precipitation mm=17
|source 1 = Climate-Data.org^[5]}}

Transportation

Road

Air

Onch'ŏn Airport in Onch'ŏn-gun serves Namp'o Special City; Air Koryo operates charter flights from here.

Rail

The greater Namp'o area is densely served by the Korean State Railway, with 18 stations on the P'yŏngnam Line, the entirety of the Ryonggang Sŏhaekammun and Taean lines, and one station on the Ŭllyul Line being located inside the boundaries of Namp'o-t'ŭkpyŏlsi.

Sea

The West Sea Barrage of the port of Namp'o, built by erecting an 8-km long sea wall, has three lock chambers which allow the passage of ships up to 50,000 tons, and 36 sluices. Namp'o Harbour is often used as the primary port of call for receiving foreign food aid assistance into North Korea. The port of Namp'o has modern harbour facilities that can accommodate ships of 20,000 tonnes but is frozen during the winter. Namp'o serves as Pyongyang's port on the Yellow Sea.^[6]

In 2008, the harbour received several batches of grain delivery; the first batch delivered in June was sent by the United States and weighed 38,000 tons. A South Korean-based relief organisation, Join Together Society, donated one batch of flour in October of the same year weighing approximately 500 tons.^[7]

Education

Sister cities

See also

References

1. ^DPR Korean Central Bureau of Statistics: 2008 Population Census (2008 population census, published in 2009)
2. ^¹{{Cite web|title=Organizational Chart of North Korean Leadership |location=Seoul|publisher=Political and Military Analysis Division, Intelligence and Analysis Bureau; Ministry of Unification |date=January 2018|accessdate=17 October 2018|url=https://www.unikorea.go.kr/cms/getFile.do?file=2018012913454378143.pdf&orgname=north_korean_Leadership.pdf&mgmtId=MGMT_0000000754&siteId=SITE_00003&filePath=eng_unikorea/common/file/&count=Y#.pdf}}
3. ^{{cite web|work=Britannica.com|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/North-Korea|accessdate=14 December 2017|title=North Korea}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=7358|title=North Korea Splits No. 38 and 39 Departments Up Again|author=Kim So Yeol|work=Daily NK|date=15 February 2011|accessdate=15 November 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/location/755/#climate-graph|title=Climate: Nampo - Climate-Data.org|accessdate=14 December 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JIlh9nNeadMC&pg=PA59&dq=Nampo,+North+Korea&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZxP6IiovYAhUCct8KHXABAs8Q6AEILDAB#v=onepage&q=Nampo,+North+Korea&f=false|title=North Korea Handbook|first=Yonhap News Agency|last=Seoul|date=27 December 2002|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|accessdate=15 December 2017|via=Google Books}}
7. ^KINU White paper on human rights in North Korea, 2009 (Chapter G. Human Rights Violations Inside Political Concentration Camps (Kwanliso), p. 125)
8. ^{{cite web|script-title=ru:Перспективные направления сотрудничества|trans-title=Prospective areas of cooperation|url=http://kvs.gov.spb.ru/media/uploads/userfiles/2017/06/05/5Democratic_Peoples_republic_of_Korea.docx|access-date=22 October 2017|publisher=Committee for External Relations of Saint-Petersburg|language=ru}}
9. ^{{Cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908185926/http://kcna.co.jp/item/2003/200307/news07/28.htm#3|archive-date=8 September 2017|url=http://kcna.co.jp/item/2003/200307/news07/28.htm#3|date=27 July 2003|accessdate=3 December 2017|publisher=KCNA|title=Sister cities between DPRK and Mexico}}
10. ^{{Cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908195306/http://kcna.co.jp/item/2005/200508/news08/11.htm#19|archive-date=8 September 2017|url=http://kcna.co.jp/item/2005/200508/news08/11.htm#19|date=10 August 2005|accessdate=3 December 2017|publisher=KCNA|title=Friendly Ties Opened between DPRK and Ecuadorian Cities}}