| 词条 | Victoria Memorial Square |
| 释义 |
| name = Victoria Memorial Square | photo = Victoria Memorial Square.JPG | photo_width = 275 | photo_caption = Victoria Memorial Square under renovation in 2009 with the monument to the War of 1812. | map = Canada Toronto | map_width = | map_caption = Location of the square in Toronto | map_alt = | type = Public park | location = Toronto, Ontario | coords = {{coord|43.642638|N|79.400200|W|region:CA-ON|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area = | created = | operator = City of Toronto | visitation_num = | status = }} Victoria Memorial Square is a park and former cemetery in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Established in 1793[1] as the burial place for those affiliated with the nearby Toronto Garrison (Fort York). It was the first cemetery to be used by European settlers in what would become the city of Toronto. Originally known as St. John's Square, the park today is part of Fort York National Historic Site, and the site of a monument to the War of 1812 sculpted by Walter Seymour Allward and completed in 1902. HistoryThe cemetery was established by Governor John Graves Simcoe and the first burial in the cemetery was his infant daughter Katherine (January 16, 1793 - April 19, 1794).[2] It served as the military cemetery for Toronto until 1863 and saw some 400 burials, including a number of victims of the War of 1812. When the Town of York was incorporated as the City of Toronto in 1834, its 'New Town' grid was extended from Peter Street to as far west as Garrison Creek creating the 'New Town Extension' with its curved Niagara Street,[3] later extended a block closer to the Garrison Creek with Walnut Street. Victoria Square was one of four squares in the 'New Town Extension'; Clarence Square, McDonell Square and West Market Square were the others. McDonell Square became the site of St. Mary's Church and was renamed Portugal Square in 1960. In the West Market Square, St. Andrew's Market was established to rival St. Lawrence Market in the 'Old Town' to the east.[4] The cemetery reached capacity in 1863 and was closed and largely abandoned. Over the decades, neglect and vandalism resulted in there today being only 17 surviving grave stones.[5] In the late 19th century it was turned into a public park and has served as such since. It was restored between 2009-2011. Led by the Wellington Place Neighbourhood Association and Toronto Councillor Adam Vaughan, restoration included regrading, and elements such as lighting, pathways, street furniture, trees and other plantings, and a playground.[6] See also
References1. ^City of Toronto, Knowledge Base: Victoria Memorial Square Park 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.uppercanadahistory.ca/simcoe/simcoe1.html |title=JOHN GRAVES SIMCOE |publisher=Historical Narratives of Early Canada |accessdate=February 4, 2013}} 3. ^Historical Atlas of Toronto, Derek Hayes, 2008, {{ISBN|978-1-55365-290-8}}, Pg 40 4. ^St. Andrew's Market and Playground Historical Plaque 5. ^{{cite web|last1=Peppiatt|first1=Liam|title=Chapter 30: The Military Cemeteries|url=http://www.landmarksoftoronto.com/the-military-cemeteries/|website=Robertson's Landmarks of Toronto Revisited}} 6. ^ {{cite web | url = http://wx.toronto.ca/inter/it/newsrel.nsf/bydate/41CD7AA7AF6630C085257911005AA8EE | title = City of Toronto and neighbourhood association honour Jane Jacobs | accessdate = 2011-10-19 | date = 2011-09-20 | publisher = City of Toronto}} External links{{commons|Category:Victoria Memorial Square|Victoria Memorial Square}}
6 : Cemeteries in Toronto|Parks in Toronto|Public squares in Toronto|Canadian military memorials and cemeteries|1793 establishments in Canada|Monuments and memorials in Toronto |
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