| 词条 | Virginia State Bar |
| 释义 |
|name = Virginia State Bar |image = |size = |caption = |map = |msize = |mcaption = |motto = |formation = |type = Legal Society |headquarters = Richmond, VA |location = United States |membership = 50,863 in 2018 [1] |language = |leader_title = |leader_name = |key_people = |num_staff = |budget = |website = http://www.vsb.org }} The Virginia State Bar (VSB) is the administrative agency of the Supreme Court of Virginia created to regulate, improve and advance the legal profession in Virginia.[2] Membership in good standing in the VSB is mandatory for attorneys wishing to practice law in the Commonwealth of Virginia.[3] OrganizationThe VSB is governed by its Council and Executive Committee, whose members are elected or appointed from the judicial circuits in the Commonwealth. The Virginia Lawyer and the Virginia Lawyer Register magazines are the official publications of the VSB, distributed to lawyers, judges, general subscribers, law libraries, other state bar associations and the media. VSB publishes numerous pamphlets, handbooks and other publications to aid members and the public. It also runs a referral service that provides callers to the service with the name of an attorney who practices in the caller’s requested area of the law, and in the caller's geographic area The VSB is to be distinguished from the Virginia Bar Association, a voluntary organization. HistoryThe predecessor to the VSB was the Virginia State Bar Association (VSBA), a voluntary statewide organization founded in 1888 to promote the ethical practice of law in Virginia. The VSBA worked with the legislature to establish a mandatory state affiliated agency. In 1938 the Virginia General Assembly passed a law (and the governor signed) establishing the VSB, and delegating to it the power to issue regulatory opinions that are incorporated into the Code of Virginia.[3] The Virginia State Bar Association continued as a voluntary association, renaming itself the Virginia Bar Association.[4] The Virginia State Bar disciplines member attorneys through the Virginia Supreme Court. It has also been involved in litigation before the United States Supreme Court. In NAACP v. Button (1963), the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the Virginia Bar's attempt to use lawyer ethics laws against the NAACP, which was litigating against Virginia school districts as well as state agencies which had adopted a policy of Massive Resistance to the Brown v. Board of Education decisions. The following year the Supreme Court again decided against the Virginia Bar, this time for its prosecution of a union's referral practices in Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia ex rel. Virginia State Bar.[5] In Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar (1975), the bar's minimum fee schedules were stricken down on antitrust grounds, notwithstanding the bar's status as an agency of the Virginia courts. In 1978, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit in 'Virginia State Bar v. Surety Title Insurance Agency, Inc.,' 571 F.2d 205 (4th Cir. 1978) was faced with the bar's attempt to regulate non-lawyer employees of title insurance companies. Ethics Policy ChangeIn 2000[6] the Virginia State Bar changed its policy from the "Code of Professional Responsibility" [7] to the "Professional Guidelines and Rules of Professional Conduct".[8] In so doing, the Bar discarded the previously existing ethical canons.[7] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.vsb.org/images/uploads/memstats.pdf |title=Virginia State Bar: Membership Report |accessdate=2007-08-03 |publisher=Virginia State Bar}} {{State bar associations navbox}}{{Authority control}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.vsb.org/site/about/ |title=Virginia State Bar: About the Bar |accessdate=2007-03-27 |publisher=Virginia State Bar}} 3. ^1 Virginia Code §54.1-3910 (1950, as amended) 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.vba.org/?page=history |title=VBA History |accessdate=2015-04-09 |publisher=Virginia Bar Association |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311033643/http://www.vba.org/?page=history |archivedate = 2015-04-09}} 5. ^https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Brotherhood_of_Railroad_Trainmen_v._Virginia_ex_rel._Virginia_State_Bar/Opinion_of_the_Court 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.vsb.org/site/regulation/code-of-professional-responsibility/ |title=2000 Policy Change}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.vsb.org/profguides/1999/codeprof.html |title=Code of Professional Responsibility}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.vsb.org/site/regulation/guidelines/ |title=Professional Guidelines and Rules of Professional Conduct}} 4 : Virginia law|American state bar associations|1938 establishments in Virginia|Organizations established in 1938 |
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