| 词条 | Virtual International Authority File | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Virtual International Authority File | image = VIAF Screenshot 2012.png | image_size = | image_caption = Screenshot 2012 | image_alt = VIAF Screenshot 2012 | acronym = VIAF | number = | start_date = {{Start date|2003|08|06}} | organisation = OCLC | digits = | check_digit = | example = [https://viaf.org/viaf/106965171 106965171] | website = {{Official URL}} }} The Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) is an international authority file. It is a joint project of several national libraries and operated by the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC).[1] HistoryDiscussion about having a common international authority started in the late 1990s. After a series of failed attempts to come up with a unique common authority file, the new idea was to link existing national authorities. This would present all the benefits of a common file without requiring a large investment of time and expense in the process.[2] The project was initiated by the US Library of Congress (LC), the German National Library (DNB) and the OCLC on August 6, 2003. The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) joined the project on October 5, 2007. The project transitioned to being a service of the OCLC on April 4, 2012.[3] The aim is to link the national authority files (such as the German Name Authority File) to a single virtual authority file. In this file, identical records from the different data sets are linked together. A VIAF record receives a standard data number, contains the primary "see" and "see also" records from the original records, and refers to the original authority records. The data are made available online and are available for research and data exchange and sharing. Reciprocal updating uses the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) protocol. The file numbers are also being added to Wikipedia biographical articles and are incorporated into Wikidata.[4][5] VIAF clustersVIAF's clustering algorithm is run every month. As more data are added from participating libraries, clusters of authority records may coalesce or split, leading to some fluctuation in the VIAF identifier of certain authority records.[6] Participating libraries and organizations
Libraries added for testing purposes
See also{{portal|Library and information science}}
References1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kelley|first1=Michael|last2=Schwartz|first2=Meredith|year=2012|title=VIAF service transitions to OCLC|journal=Library Journal|volume=137|issue=8|page=16| publisher=Media Source Inc.}} {{closed access}} 2. ^{{cite web|last1=O'Neill|first1=Edward T.|title=VIAF: Origins|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VC4Gt5xXLzo|website=Authority Data on the Web, a Satellite Meeting of the 2016 IFLA World Library and Information Congress|publisher=OCLC|format=Video presentation|date=12 August 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Murphy|first1=Bob|title=Virtual International Authority File service transitions to OCLC; contributing institutions continue to shape direction through VIAF Council|url=http://www.oclc.org/en/news/releases/2012/201224.html|website=OCLC|location=Dublin, OH|language=en|format=Press release|date=4 April 2012}} 4. ^{{cite news|last1=Klein|first1=Max|last2=Renspie|first2=Melissa|title=VIAFbot Edits 250,000 Wikipedia Articles to Reciprocate All Links from VIAF into Wikipedia|url=http://www.oclc.org/research/news/2012/12-07a.html|work=OCLC|date=7 December 2012}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Klein|first1=Maximilian|last2=Kyrios|first2=Alex|title=VIAFbot and the Integration of Library Data on Wikipedia|journal=The Code4Lib Journal|date=14 October 2013|issue=22|url=http://journal.code4lib.org/articles/8964|issn=1940-5758}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Hickey|first1=Thomas B.|last2=Toves|first2=Jenny A.|title=Managing Ambiguity In VIAF|journal=D-Lib Magazine|date=July 2014|volume=20|issue=7/8|doi=10.1045/july2014-hickey|url=http://www.dlib.org/dlib/july14/hickey/07hickey.html|publisher=Corporation for National Research Initiatives}} 7. ^{{cite web|last1=MacEwan|first1=Andrew|title=ISNI and VIAF|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVMqEpiXYsk|website=Authority Data on the Web, a Satellite Meeting of the 2016 IFLA World Library and Information Congress|publisher=OCLC|format=Video presentation|date=12 August 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=NACO - Name Authority Cooperative Program|url=https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/naco/|website=Library of Congress}} External links{{Commons category|VIAF}}{{Wikidata property|1=P214}}
4 : Identifiers|Library cataloging and classification|Library of Congress|OCLC |
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