“Nash the Slash”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

James Jeffrey "Jeff" Plewman^[2] (March 26, 1948 – May 10, 2014), better known by his stage name Nash the Slash, was a Canadian musician. A multi-instrumentalist, he was known primarily for playing the electric violin and mandolin, as well as the harmonica, keyboards, glockenspiel, and other instruments (sometimes described as "devices" on album notes).{{citation needed|date=March 2011}}

Nash worked as a solo artist beginning in 1975; founding the progressive rock band FM in 1976. Soon after releasing the band's first album, Black Noise, in 1977, he left the band; he resumed his solo career in 1978 (it was not until after Nash's departure that the album was widely promoted, eventually charting and receiving a gold record award).^[3] He rejoined FM from 1983 to 1996, concurrent with his solo work.

Nash's music covers an eclectic range, varying from instrumental—mood-setting music, to rock and pop music with vocals. In addition to giving concert performances, he has composed and performed soundtrack music for silent films, presenting these works live in movie theatres to accompany screenings of the films. Another venue for his music is in performances to accompany the viewing of paintings by surrealist painter Robert Vanderhorst, an audiovisual collaboration,^[4] which took place in 1978 and again in 2004.

Identity

Nash was born in Toronto, Ontario. He performed with surgical bandages covering his face starting in 1979. "During a gig at The Edge in the late 1970s to raise awareness of the threat from the Three Mile Island disaster, he walked on stage wearing bandages dipped in phosphorus paint and exclaimed: 'Look, this is what happens to you.' The bandages became his trademark."^[5]^[6] Prior to 1979, Nash performed three times on TV Ontario's Nightmusic Concert, first as a solo artist (a live broadcast which was never re-aired), then with FM (Nash and Cameron Hawkins), and again as a solo artist. In all of these appearances Nash wore his typical black tuxedo, top hat, and dark sunglasses, but not his signature bandages. He was also photographed in this attire for a profile in the Toronto Star, published April 28, 1978.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

In later years, he attempted to keep his true identity the subject of some speculation, although the Star profile of 1978 had already matter-of-factly revealed his real name.^[6] Nevertheless, in a 1981 interview with the UK magazine Smash Hits, Nash was questioned about his real name, and replied with "Nashville Thebodiah Slasher".{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}} As a result of his coyness about his name, some fans came to believe that the Nash persona was an alter-ego of Ben Mink, who replaced him as FM's violinist in 1978. This is a common misconception, but he has been photographed onstage with Mink.^[7]{{original research inline|date=July 2012}}

The "Nash the Slash" persona came from silent film, and Nash said he took his stage name from that of a killer butler encountered by Laurel and Hardy in one of their first films, Do Detectives Think? (1927), for which he composed a soundtrack score.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

(The film character's name is actually "The Tipton Slasher"; nowhere on screen does "Nash the Slash" appear.)^[8]

Images of Nash the Slash are featured in a variety of murals painted by artist Jungle Ling in Toronto. These images are located in the Leslieville district, next to a TD Bank at Queen St. East and Logan Avenue and below Queen St. East on Connaught Avenue, as part of a neighborhood beautification project conducted by the Toronto Transit Commission.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Career

Nash's music is a complex blend of progressive rock, New Wave, new age, and punk rock, using electric mandolins, violins, drums machines, and a variety of effects and sonic devices. He wrote, played, and produced most of the material on his solo albums by himself, though he also worked with producers Daniel Lanois and Bill Nelson.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

First group

Before working as a solo artist, Nash recorded an unreleased song called "Slasher" with a group called Breathless, which also included his (and FM's) future producer, Michael Waite on bass guitar. The song appeared on a "various artists" promotional album titled Concept (after the Toronto-based management company, Concept 376; this was one of a series of such albums), but was not issued to the public in any form. The promo album does not list the group's personnel, or even a songwriting credit, but Nash is clearly heard singing a song, beginning with the lyrics "Hear the children of the night" (though this was a completely different song from his later work, "Children of the Night"), and playing electric violin. The song also featured a complex organ solo not in Nash's usual style (nor that of Cameron Hawkins, his band mate in FM).{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

First solo career and film work

Nash's first solo performance and live presentation of music to film occurred when he played his soundtrack to Luis Buñuel's silent film Un chien andalou (1929) at the Roxy Theatre in Toronto on March 17, 1975.^[9]

Silent film composition

He also composed music for other classic silent films including Nosferatu (1922) and The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920). When performing soundtracks, Nash would appear on stage beside the screen (using his own projection screen when a full theatre screen is not available), the same format he uses when performing concerts. He has also composed scores for modern Canadian films Roadkill (1990) and Highway 61 (1991), both directed by Bruce McDonald. His other movie score and soundtrack work included The Kidnapping of the President (1980), Black Pearls (1989), and Blood and Donuts (1995).{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

During this time, Nash made his first appearance on record, on David Pritchard's solo album Nocturnal Earthworm Stew (1976), with a short solo track titled "Nash Metropolitan", and on an improvised piece with Pritchard and drummer Martin Deller (with whom he would later work with in FM). He also appeared on the live TV-Ontario program Nightmusic (before its change in format, where it became Nightmusic Concert); in this incarnation, the show was a televised version of an FM radio show hosted by disc jockey Reiner Schwarz, and had not previously featured a live performer. Nash claimed he was both the first and last musical artist to appear on the show.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Work with FM

After working as a solo artist for a year, Nash formed the group FM in 1976, initially as a duo with Cameron Hawkins; drummer Martin Deller was added later. The group began recording in July 1976, though no performances in its duo format were issued at the time. However, they did appear on television and in live concerts, beginning in November 1976. In 1977, with Deller added to the group, they recorded the album Black Noise, which received a gold record award. By the end of 1977, Nash had left FM, and resumed his solo career starting with another television appearance on Nightmusic Concert on February 28, 1978.^[9] Nash rejoined FM from 1983 to 1989, and again from 1994 to 1996. During these years, he recorded a further three albums with the group. FM also recorded three albums during Nash's absence (1977 to 1980), with Ben Mink as his replacement.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Late 1970s and 1980

Nash had intended to restart his solo career in 1978 with a new album featuring all the music from his Nightmusic Concert TV special, plus his soundtrack for Un chien andalou, but found the sound quality of a test pressing to be unsatisfactory, so he issued a four song 12-inch EP titled Bedside Companion instead, on his own label, Cut-throat Records, which he continued to operate for the rest of his life. A full album, Dreams and Nightmares with the rest of the Nightmusic material, the soundtrack, and a few new songs, appeared the following year. All music from these records was instrumental, and both are now available on one CD titled Blind Windows which also includes the 45 rpm EP playing at 33 rpm as the "Marsden versions", a joking reference to disc jockey David Marsden who mistakenly played the entire record at the wrong speed on radio when it was released.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Also in 1979, Nash thanked Toronto radio station CFNY-FM for their support of his music, by playing electric violin on the station's theme song, which was recorded by various disc jockeys of the station in a strange blend of new wave and country music. It was released as "Working on the Radio" by the 102.1 Band, as a single on Ready Records. The B-side has an extended version with a longer solo by Nash, who is not credited on the cover.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Nash's solo career up to this point had only a small cult following, due to his working exclusively as an instrumentalist. His next record, a 1980 single featuring a cover version of Jan and Dean's "Dead Man's Curve" with vocals, propelled him to greater public recognition. The B-side, "Swing Shift (Souixante-Neuf)" also featured vocals, and was co-composed with lyricist Toby Dammit, with whom Nash further collaborated over the next few years. Music videos were made for both songs.

Nash also played on three songs by Toronto group Drastic Measures for their self-titled album, including violins on their signature tune, a cover version of the children's song, "The Teddy Bears' Picnic". Nash's label, Cut-throat Records, later issued a single by the group, the only other artist to appear on his label, although Nash was not involved in its recording. Nash's later soundtrack album for Highway 61 includes tracks by Tony Malone, the lead singer for Drastic Measures.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Nash was invited by Gary Numan to tour the UK as his support act in 1980 and 1981, and subsequently played on Numan's 1981 LP Dance. He also toured Europe with The Tubes. He was signed to the Dindisc label and in 1981, he released the album Children of the Night in Europe, also released in Canada shortly after. Several British singles were also issued. These records appeared on the Dindisc / Cut-throat label in Europe and on Virgin / Dindisc / Cut-throat in Canada.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Mid 1980s

Returning to Toronto in spring 1981, Nash released an instrumental "mini-album" Decomposing (1981), which purported to be playable at any speed, with song timings on the label quoting three lengths, depending on whether the record is played at 33, 45, or 78 rpm. However, songs from this record also appeared on compilation albums and singles, where they always play as heard when Decomposing is played at 45 rpm. This remains Nash's only significant release that has yet to be reissued on CD.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Nash's next album was And You Thought You Were Normal (1982). This included the track "Dance After Curfew" produced by Daniel Lanois prior to his association with Brian Eno. The single became a surprise club and radio hit in Poland, which was then still behind the iron curtain, where curfews and restrictions on western culture were imposed by the government of the time. A 12-inch single featuring a remixed and extended version of the song was issued in the USA on PVC Records.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Nash's next project was an album of American rock classics titled American Band-ages. Nash enlisted the help of his former FM collaborators Cameron Hawkins (keyboards) and Martin Deller (drums), and the album was released in 1984. The album was aimed at the US market, but due to distribution and management problems, including a change in record labels (to MCA, after Quality Records folded in 1985), it never got the exposure Nash thought it deserved. In the same year, Nash released a compilation album (with most tracks remixed) titled The Million Year Picnic on Ralph Records in the United States, the label which was home to The Residents.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

While working on American Band-ages in 1983, he proposed to promote it with a double bill tour with his former band FM. But Ben Mink, Nash's replacement, had left the band that year; therefore, Nash rejoined the group, staying with them from 1983 to 1989 (followed by a reunion tour from 1994 to 1996), and retaining the idea of a double bill by performing solo as the opening act. With Nash, FM released further albums: Con-Test (1985), Tonight (1987), and RetroActive (1995).{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

In 1985, Nash sued PepsiCo for using his likeness in commercials without permission;^[10] PepsiCo subsequently settled out of court, pulling the commercial from broadcast and paying Nash's legal fees.^[11]

1990–2011

After the break-up of FM in 1989, Nash embarked on a series of film soundtrack projects, and revived his Cut-throat label in 1991 to issue these on CD, and has also used it to re-issue his earlier records. New albums of songs with vocals have also been released on the label: Thrash (1999) and In-A-Gadda-Da-Nash (2008), the latter consisting entirely of cover versions.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

During 1992-3 Nash the Slash collaborated with the electronic music artist Plexus to create a series of visually intense live shows called Psychedelitron. They performed Psychedelitron live between 1993-1995. In 1993, the show was performed only at Stratenger's in Toronto, Canada, every third Saturday of the month from March to October. The performed two sets, each a mix of Nash the Slash and Plexus songs. Later, in 1994 and 1995, they took the show to other venues, including the grand opening of the Toronto Public Library at 239 College Street to commemorate the inclusion of the Merril Collection of Science Fiction, Speculation & Fantasy in this library location.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}

Psychedelitron utilized intense visuals, including a refinement of Nash's psychedelic projector lighting, strategically placed pin lights to increase the perception of the stage size, strobe lights, fog and indirect and silhouette lighting. The techniques used during Psychedelitron, and their subsequent refinement during the reign of the shows became an important visual aspect to Nash's later shows. Psychedelitron was also used as way to re-define Nash's shows both visually and musically.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}

In 1998, Nash performed as part of Toronto's Pride Week, publicly acknowledging that he was gay.^[12]

During 2004 and 2005, he was again working with Robert Vanderhorst, under the name Two Artists, on the project View From the Gallery,^[4] a live multimedia event presenting a fusion of surrealistic visuals with classic stylings in music.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Nash appeared as a character in several comic books by Matt Howarth,^[13] including issues #2–7 of Savage Henry. Nash also provided original music on a CD for Howarth's graphic novel The Simultaneous Man.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Nash continued to tour, mostly in his native Ontario, but occasionally elsewhere, including a 2008 tour of the UK, which resulted in a live CD/DVD.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

2011 saw Nash release his first ever compilation album, The Reckless Use of Electricity.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

2012

Nash announced his retirement via his website on November 6, 2012, stating he was "rolling up the bandages" and shutting down his official website on December 31.^[1] He thanked his loyal fans for their support during his 40 years as an independent artist, but stated that live gigs no longer excited him and that his "eccentric style/genre finds no place into today's scene." He also mentioned the "theft of music on the internet devastated a very important source of [his] income."{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

2014 to present

Nash the Slash's career and recordings are being preserved by The Nash the Slash Legacy. His website was relaunched late in 2014, and costumes and instruments were donated to the National Music Centre in Calgary, AB. He was declared a Canadian Innovator by NMC and his Stephen Pollard custom skull mandolin is on display in the Canadian Music Hall of Fame wing. A distribution deal was signed with Artoffact Records in Toronto in early 2015 to release all six of his albums from the 1980s - Bedside Companion, Dreams and Nightmares, Children of the Night, the rare and previously commercially unreleased live album Hammersmith Holocaust, Decomposing as well as And You Thought You Were Normal?. Work is underway to have all his albums available again by late 2018.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Filming began on a Nash the Slash documentary in early 2017. The film is being produced by Side Three Media in collaboration with The Nash the Slash Legacy and is tentatively called And You Thought You Were Normal?, with release slated for late 2018.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

His white tuxedo and top hat will be on display to the public and are being loaned to the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, QC for a 2018 exhibit about popular music in Canada from the 1960s to 1980s.{{citation needed|date=October 2017}}

Death

On May 10, 2014, Nash died at his home in Toronto, at age 66, from a suspected heart attack.^[14]^[15] Robert Vanderhorst confirmed his death to the media two days later.^[14]

Discography

Studio albums & EPs

The 2001 recording Lost in Space is credited to Nash the Slash, Cameron Hawkins and Martin Deller; it is actually a CD by FM, but avoids using the name for legal reasons.

Live recordings

Compilations

Singles

Film soundtracks

In addition to the soundtrack albums above, Nash has composed the film scores for several films, including:

Excerpts from tracks on the FM album Tonight, co-written by Nash the Slash, appear in The New Blood.

Nash is also credited with 'original music by' in at least one episode of Cold Blood/True Crime Scene (Canadian TV series 2008-12).

Movie / Video appearances

Nash has a cameo appearance in the 1989 film Roadkill, playing his own composition "We Will Be The Leaders".

DVDs

References

1. ^¹{{cite web |url= http://www.nashtheslash.com/ |title=Nash the Slash's Gravesite: Latest News |work=nashtheslash.com |date= 2012-11-06|accessdate=6 November 2012}}
2. ^{{cite book|last=Worth|first=Liz|title=Treat Me Like Dirt: An Oral History of Punk in Toronto and Beyond, 1977-1981|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a3XBNtrQepcC&pg=PA8|year=2011|publisher=ECW Press|isbn=978-1-77041-067-1|page=8}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?fwp_gp_search=Black+Noise|title=Gold/Platinum - Music Canada|author=|date=|website=musiccanada.com|accessdate=13 October 2017}}
4. ^¹"Two Artists". twoartists.ca. Retrieved May 12, 2014.
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Pop_Encyclopedia/N/Nash_The_Slash.html|title=Nash The Slash|first=|last=Canoe.com|date=|website=canoe.ca|accessdate=13 October 2017}}
6. ^Goddard, Peter, "Shadowy showman cuts an eerie album", The Toronto Star, April 28, 1978, page D3.
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://web.ncf.ca/fi142/images/fm_3_dia.jpg|title=Link to photo of Nash and Ben Mink|author=|date=|website=ncf.ca|accessdate=13 October 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzcKFCK8MGk|title=Do Detectives Think?|first=|last=milkshakesmania|date=10 August 2011|publisher=|accessdate=13 October 2017|via=YouTube}}
9. ^¹Dates from Dreams and Nightmares innersleeve notes.
10. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=fyQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT43&lpg=PT43&dq=%22nash+the+slash%22+pepsi&source=bl&ots=mTe9c-hyE1&sig=8oplZR9r8ZWbXcUbSpXQEXqYJew&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3qpyU7qEDIy3yASbz4LoBA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22nash%20the%20slash%22%20pepsi&f=false Maple Briefs], in Billboard, page 65 (via Google Books); published 13 July 1985; retrieved May 13, 2014
11. ^2002 Interview with Nash The Slash, conducted by Dean Mason, at GaryNuman.info; published August 2002; retrieved May 13, 2014
12. ^¹{{cite web|url= http://www.nowtoronto.com/archive/view_issue.cfm?issue=2663&page=59&keywords=nash|title= Nash the Slash revels in hidden identity|first= Steven|last= Davey|work= nowtoronto.com|date= 1998-06-25|accessdate= 1 May 2011|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20121022074043/http://www.nowtoronto.com/archive/view_issue.cfm?issue=2663&page=59&keywords=nash|archivedate= 22 October 2012|df= }}
13. ^About, at Sonic Curiosity, by Matt Howarth; published 2002; retrieved May 13, 2014
14. ^¹[https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/music/2014/05/12/nash_the_slash_toronto_rock_violinist_dead_at_66.html "Nash the Slash, Toronto rock violinist, dead at 66"]. Toronto Star, May 12, 2014.
15. ^"Bandaged rock violinist Nash the Slash, a.k.a. Jeff Plewman, dead at 66". canada.com, May 12, 2014.