| 词条 | Nathaniel Lord Britton |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = | honorific_suffix = | image = Portrait of Nathaniel Lord Britton 2.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date |1859 |01|15}} | birth_place = Staten Island, New York | death_date = {{death date and age |1934|06|25 |1859 |01|15}} | death_place = Bronx, New York | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = American | fields = Botany | workplaces = | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Nathaniel Lord Britton (January 15, 1859 – June 25, 1934) was an American botanist and taxonomist who co-founded the New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx, New York. Early lifeBritton was born in New Dorp in Staten Island, New York to Jasper Alexander Hamilton Britton and Harriet Lord Turner.[1][2] His parents wanted him to study religion, but he was attracted to nature study at an early age. He was a graduate of the Columbia University School of Mines and afterwards taught geology and botany at Columbia University. He joined the Torrey Botanical Club soon after graduation and was a member his entire life. He married Elizabeth Gertrude Knight, a bryologist, on August 27, 1885. They had met when she joined the club and were lifelong collaborators in botanical research. New York Botanical GardenDuring their honeymoon in 1888, they visited Kew Gardens, which led to his wife proposing a botanical garden for New York at a Torrey Club meeting. Together, they campaigned to bring about the NYBG. Britton left Columbia in 1895 to become the first director of the New York Botanical Garden, a position he held until 1929. He was on the first Board of Managers for the institution, along with Andrew Carnegie, J. Pierpont Morgan, and Cornelius Vanderbilt II. He engendered substantial financial support for the botanical garden by naming plants after wealthy contributors. Scientific researchMuch of his field work was done in the Caribbean, where he visited frequently when the winter weather in New York City became too severe. His contributions to the study of Caribbean flora are undisputed. He wrote Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada, and the British Possessions (1896) with Addison Brown, and The Cactaceae with Joseph Nelson Rose. Britton is also remembered as one of the signatories of the American Code of Botanical Nomenclature[3] that proposed such radical changes to the rules governing nomenclature that a compromise was not reached (and some of the principal American provisions adopted) until nearly 30 years later. Death and legacyHe died at his home in the Bronx, after suffering a stroke 9 weeks earlier.[4] The house he lived and worked in, the Britton Cottage, is preserved at Historic Richmond Town on Staten Island. {{botanist|Britton|Britton, Nathaniel Lord|border=0}}Works
| last = Britton | first = Nathaniel |author2=Addison Brown | title = An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=dvMKAAAAIAAJ | series = Volume I, Ophioglossaceae to Aizoaceae | year = 1896 | publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons | pages = 612 }}
| last = Britton | first = Nathaniel |author2=Addison Brown | title = An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3YgCAAAAYAAJ | accessdate = 2008-06-24 | series = Volume III, Apocynacea to Compositae; Dogbane to Thistle | year = 1898 | publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons | page = 643 pages }}
| last = Britton | first = Nathaniel |author2=Addison Brown | title = An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=RZUCAAAAYAAJ | accessdate = 2008-05-10 | series = Volume II, Amaranthaceae to Loganiaceae | year = 1913 | publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons | page = 2052 pages }}
| last = Britton | first = Nathaniel Lord |author2=Addison Brown | title = An Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions From Newfoundland to the Parallel of the Southern Boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean Westward to the 102d Meridian | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-YgCAAAAYAAJ | accessdate = 2008-06-17 | edition = Second Edition -- Revised and Enlarged | series = Volume III Gentianaceae to Compositae -- Gentian to Thistle | year = 1913 | publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons | location = New York
| last = Britton | first = Nathaniel |author2=Joseph Nelson Rose | title = The Cactaceae: Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fewCAAAAYAAJ | accessdate = 2008-05-10 | year = 1922 | publisher = Carnegie Institution for Science | page = 263 pages }}
References1. ^{{cite web|last=Fraser|first=Susan|title=NATHANIEL LORD BRITTON RECORDS (1875-1934)|url=http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/libr/finding_guide/britwb2.asp.html|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|accessdate=5 July 2012}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Toddler's Dress|url=https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/27EAD842-5C22-41EA-ADB1-810313079220|work=Online Collections Database|publisher=Staten Island Historical Society|accessdate=11 May 2011}} 3. ^{{cite journal|journal=Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club|title=American Code of Botanical Nomenclature|volume=34|year=1907}} * {{wikisource-inline|Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club/V34/American Code of Botanical Nomenclature}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Dr N.L. Britton, 74, Biologist, is dead|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/06/26/93761609.pdf|work=26 June 1934|publisher=New York Times|accessdate=5 July 2012}} External links{{commons category}}{{wikispecies}}
16 : American mycologists|Bryologists|Pteridologists|1859 births|1934 deaths|Botanists active in the Caribbean|Botanical Society of America|New York Botanical Garden|Torrey Botanical Society members|Columbia University faculty|Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni|People from Staten Island|19th-century American botanists|20th-century American botanists|Scientists from New York (state)|Scientists from New York City |
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