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词条 Vrata Tunnel
释义

  1. Tunnel bridge

  2. Traffic volume

  3. See also

  4. References

Vrata Tunnel ({{lang-hr|Tunel Vrata}}) is one of the shortest tunnels on the Croatian A6 motorway route. It is only {{convert|257|m}} long and consists of two tunnel tubes. It is located between Oštrovica and Vrata interchanges. The tunnel is tolled within the A6 motorway closed toll collection system. There are no other toll plazas related to use of the tunnel. The tunnel was excavated by Viadukt using New Austrian Tunneling method. The tunnel was originally designed to be {{convert|325|m}} long, but it was shortened due to the landslide on the western portal in the zone of contact between Paleozoic and carbonate layers.[1] The tunnel is noteworthy since it comprises a {{convert|58|m|adj=on}} bridge spanning a cavern found during excavation.[2][3]

Tunnel bridge

During construction, a {{convert|83|m|adj=on}} by {{convert|63|m|adj=on}} by {{convert|45|m|adj=on}} cavern was discovered intersecting the northbound tunnel tube {{convert|139|m}} away from the eastern tunnel portal. The cavern is located {{convert|16|m}} away from originally executed, southbound Vrata Tunnel tube and reaches to within {{convert|20|m}} of the ground surface.[2] A {{convert|58|m|adj=on}} bridge was built over the cavern,[3] accounting for nearly one-quarter of the length of the tunnel. The surrounding rock was stabilized using geotechnical anchors to ensure safety before the bridge construction started. The deck of the bridge consists of reinforced concrete grillage supported by a pair of abutments and longitudinal reinforced concrete girders.[4][5][6] Since there is an intermittent watercourse through the cavern, the tunnel tube was sealed to protect the cavern and water flowing through it. This was achieved by construction of a concrete structure covering the bridge deck, hiding the cavern from the motorway users and giving them impression of driving through an unbroken tunnel tube.[2]

Traffic volume

Traffic is regularly counted and reported by Autocesta Rijeka–Zagreb, operator of the A6 motorway and the tunnel, and published by Hrvatske ceste. Substantial variations between annual (AADT) and summer (ASDT) traffic volumes are attributed to the fact that the motorway carries substantial tourist traffic to Istria and Kvarner Gulf resorts. The traffic count is performed using analysis of toll ticket sales.[7]

Vrata Tunnel traffic volume
RoadCounting siteAADTASDTNotes
A6 2915 Vrata west12,41320,891 Between Vrata and Oštrovica interchanges.

See also

  • A6 motorway
  • List of longest tunnels

References

1. ^{{cite web | publisher= Viadukt | url= http://www.viadukt.hr/en/projects/tunnels/tunnel-vrata-zagreb-rijeka-highway | title= Tunnel "Vrata" - Zagreb-Rijeka highway | accessdate= October 12, 2010}}
2. ^1 2 {{cite news | newspaper= Vjesnik | url= http://www.vjesnik.hr/pdf/2006%5C10%5C06%5C06A6.PDF | language= Croatian | title= Kroz špilju u tunelu Vrata gradit će se most! | trans-title= A bridge shall be built across a cavern in Vrata Tunnel | author= Damir Herceg | format= PDF | date= October 6, 2006 | accessdate= October 12, 2010 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
3. ^1 {{cite news | newspaper= Slobodna Dalmacija | url= http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/Split-županija/tabid/76/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/45858/Default.aspx | language= Croatian | title= Utroba Biokova puna jama - na trasi Sv. Ilije dvije "bezdanke" |trans-title=Multitude of pits in Biokovo - two abysses found in Sveti Ilija Tunnel route | author= Jakov Prkić | date= March 13, 2009 | accessdate= October 12, 2010}}
4. ^{{cite journal | publisher= Croatian Association of Toll Motorways Concessionaires (HUKA) | url= http://www.huka.hr/objekti/publikacije/hr/2009_16.pdf | language= Croatian | journal= HUKA Bulletin |date=March 2009 | issue= 16 | page= 4 | title= Zaštita voda u funkciji održivog razvoja Autoceste Rijeka–Zagreb |trans-title=Water protection supporting sustainable development of Rijeka–Zagreb motorway | format= PDF |accessdate= October 18, 2010}}
5. ^{{cite journal | publisher= Croatian Association of Toll Motorways Concessionaires (HUKA) | url= http://www.huka.hr/v2/objekti/publikacije/hr/2006_09.pdf | language= Croatian | journal= HUKA Bulletin |date=December 2006 | issue= 9 | page= 5 | title= Špilja u tunelu Vrata |trans-title=Vrata Tunnel cave | format= PDF |accessdate= October 18, 2010}}
6. ^{{cite web | publisher= Nova TV | url= http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/probijena-druga-cijev-tunela-hrasten-na-autocesti-rijeka-zagreb.html | language= Croatian | title= Probijen i posljednji tunel autoceste Rijeka - Zagreb |trans-title=The last tunnel on Rijeka - Zagreb motorway excavated | date= February 16, 2008 | accessdate= October 18, 2010}}
7. ^{{cite news|newspaper=Hrvatske Ceste |format=PDF |url=http://www.hrvatske-ceste.hr/WEB%20-%20Legislativa/brojenje-prometa/CroDig2009.pdf |title=Traffic counting on the roadways of Croatia in 2009 - digest |date=May 1, 2010 |accessdate=October 5, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721100545/http://www.hrvatske-ceste.hr/WEB%20-%20Legislativa/brojenje-prometa/CroDig2009.pdf |archivedate=July 21, 2011 }}
{{Coord|45.329114|N|14.607267|E|region:HR_type:landmark|display=title}}

2 : Road tunnels in Croatia|Buildings and structures in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
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