| 词条 | VR Class Hr1 | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name=VR Class Hr1 | image = Hr1 1021 Rm.jpg | caption = Hr1 1021 with Witte-type smoke deflectors | powertype=Steam | builddate=1937–1957 | builder= Lokomo Oy and Tampella Oy | totalproduction = 22 | aarwheels = 4-6-2 | gauge = {{track gauge|1524mm|lk=on}} | driverdiameter={{convert|1900|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | wheelbase= | length={{convert|22.2|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | width= | height= | locoweight={{convert|155|t}} with tender | boilerpressure = {{convert|15|bar|kPa psi|abbr=on}} | cylindercount = Two, outside | maxspeed ={{convert|110|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} | tractiveeffort = {{convert|114|kN|lbf|-1|abbr=on}} | operator =VR | firstrundate=1937 | withdrawndate = 1974; Not in service 1972; Returned to Service due to oil crisis | disposition=two restored, five scrapped, others preserved }} Hr1 class (original classification P1) was the largest passenger express steam locomotive built in Finland. Twenty-two were built between the years 1937–1957. They were numbered 1000–1021 In the thirties there was a need for faster and heavier express trains in Finland, and the Hv1–Hv3 classes were not powerful enough to fill the need. Lokomo Oy in Tampere built first two prototypes, and after successful trials 20 more were built. Most of the locomotives were fitted with Wagner-type smoke deflectors, but the last two, which were equipped with roller bearings, had Witte-type deflectors. The nickname of the locomotive was {{lang|fi|"Ukko-Pekka"}} meaning approximately "(respected) Grandpa Pekka", after the President of Finland Pehr Evind Svinhufvud. The Hr1 was built for coal firing, but during the coal shortage after the war in 1945, birch wood was used as fuel. Larger chimneys needed for extinguishing wood sparks were temporarily fitted. The Hr1s were the most important express steam locomotive and could justifiably be called the "flagships" of VR until 1963, when diesel locomotives started to replace steam. Their use ended officially in 1971, but two roller bearing Hr1s were returned for a short use in spring 1974. One engine, 1005, was a participant on the worst peacetime railroad accident in Finland, kuurila accident, in 1957. The engine is preserved at Haapamäki. Hr1's sister locomotive was the Tr1 class, otherwise similar, but with 2-8-2 wheel arrangement and smaller diameter drivers for cargo train use. PreservationThe following are preserved:
GallerySee also
References1. ^Steamlocomotive.com - Fifield Central External links
7 : Tampella locomotives|VR locomotives|4-6-2 locomotives|Railway locomotives introduced in 1937|Steam locomotives of Finland|Passenger locomotives|5 ft gauge locomotives |
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