“National Council (Slovakia)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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National Council (Slovakia)

释义

Functions
Decision making
Speakers
Structure of former legislatures
Slovak Parliament 1990–1992 Slovak Parliament 1992–1994 Slovak Parliament 1994–1998 Slovak Parliament 1998–2002 Slovak Parliament 2002–2006 Slovak Parliament 2006–2010 Slovak Parliament 2010–2012 Slovak Parliament 2012–2016 Slovak Parliament 2016–present
Elections
Latest election
Members (1990–present)
Buildings
References
External links

{{Refimprove|date=December 2017}}{{Infobox legislature
|name=National Council of the Slovak Republic
|native_name=Národná rada Slovenskej republiky
|coa_pic=Coat of Arms of Slovakia.svg
|coa_res=140px
|house_type=Unicameral
|leader1_type=Speaker
|leader1=Andrej Danko
|party1=SNS
|election1=23 March 2016
|members=150
|structure1=File:Slovak National Council_2016.svg
|structure1_res=265px
| political_groups1 = Government (76)

{{nowrap|{{Color box|{{Direction – Social Democracy/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Direction – Social Democracy (48)}}
{{Color box|{{Slovak National Party/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Slovak National Party (15)
{{Color box|{{Most–Híd/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Most–Híd (13)

Opposition (74)

{{Color box|{{Freedom and Solidarity/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Freedom and Solidarity (20)
{{Color box|#6F654F|border=darkgray}} OĽaNO – New Majority (17)
{{nowrap|{{Color box|{{Kotleba – People's Party Our Slovakia/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} People's Party – Our Slovakia (13)}}
{{Color box|{{We Are Family (Slovakia)/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} We Are Family (8)
{{Color box|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Independents (16)

|voting_system1=Open list proportional representation with a 5% election threshold Hagenbach-Bischoff system
|last_election1=5 March 2016
|next_election1=On or before March 2020
|session_room=NR SR.JPG
|meeting_place=Parliament Building, Bratislava
|website=http://www.nrsr.sk/
}}{{Politics of Slovakia}}

The National Council ({{lang-sk|Národná rada}}), abbreviated to NR SR, is the national parliament of Slovakia. It is unicameral, and consists of 150 members, who are elected by universal suffrage under proportional representation with seats distributed via Hagenbach-Bischoff quota every four years.

Slovakia's parliament has been called the 'National Council' since 1 October 1992. From 1969 to 1992, its predecessor, the parliament of the Slovak part of Czechoslovakia, was called the Slovak National Council (Slovenská národná rada).

The National Council approves domestic legislation, constitutional laws, and the annual budget. Its consent is required to ratify international treaties, and is responsible for approving military operations. It also elects individuals to some positions in the executive and judiciary as specified by law.

The parliament building is situated on the castle hill, next to Bratislava Castle in Alexander Dubček Square.

Functions

The 150-seat unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic is Slovakia's sole constitutional and legislative body. It considers and approves the Constitution, constitutional statutes and other legal acts. It also approves the state budget. It elects some officials specified by law as well as the candidates for the position of a Justice of the Constitutional Court of the Slovak Republic and the Prosecutor General. Prior to their ratification, the parliament should approve all important international treaties. Moreover, it gives consent for dispatching of military forces outside of Slovakia's territory and for the presence of foreign military forces on the territory of the Slovak Republic.

Decision making

The parliament may vote only if a majority of all its members (76) are present. To pass a decision the approval of a simple majority of all MPs present is required (i.e. at least 39 votes). Almost all legal acts can be adopted by this relative majority. An absolute majority (76 votes) is required to pass a vote of no-confidence in the Cabinet or its members, or to elect and recall the Speaker or the Deputy Speakers. A qualified majority of 3/5 of all deputies (at least 90 votes) is required for the adoption of a constitution or a constitutional statute.

Speakers

For the speakers see: List of speakers of Slovak parliaments

The current speaker of the Slovak National Council is Andrej Danko.

Structure of former legislatures

The length of the bars underneath represents each party's electoral performance. The difference in the total width of the bars is due to the election threshold of 5%; this threshold prevents a varying number of small parties from entering the National Council (most notably, after the 1994 election).

Slovak Parliament 1990–1992

22	7	48	6	31	14	22
#FF8080\|KSČ}}	#gray\|DS}}	#9966CC\|VPN}}	#6EB53F\|SZ}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#029C02\|ESWMK}}	#062751\|SNS}}

Slovak Parliament 1992–1994

29	18	74	14	15
#FF8080\|SDĽ}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#73C2FB\|HZDS}}	#029C02\|MKM}}-{{color\|#029C02\|EGYU}}	#062751\|SNS}}

Slovak Parliament 1994–1998

18	13	15	17	61	17	9
#FF8080\|SV}}	#00AAE4\|ZRS}}	#002FA7\|DÚ}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#73C2FB\|HZDS}}-{{color\|#73C2FB\|RSS}}	#029C02\|SMK-MKP}}	#062751\|SNS}}

Slovak Parliament 1998–2002

23	13	42	43	15	14
#FF8080\|SDĽ}}	#00FF7F\|SOP}}	#FFDD00\|SDK}}	#73C2FB\|HZDS}}	#029C02\|SMK-MKP}}	#062751\|SNS}}

Slovak Parliament 2002–2006

11	25	15	28	15	36	20
#FF0000\|KSS}}	#A71932\|Smer}}	orange\|ANO}}	#002FA7\|SDKÚ-DS}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#73C2FB\|ĽS-HZDS}}	#029C02\|SMK-MKP}}

Slovak Parliament 2006–2010

50	31	14	15	20	20
#a71932\|Smer-SD}}	#002FA7\|SDKÚ-DS}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#73C2FB\|ĽS-HZDS}}	#029C02\|SMK-MKP}}	#062751\|SNS}}

Slovak Parliament 2010–2012

62	14	28	15	22	9
#a71932\|Smer-SD}}	#EC7225\|Most-Híd}}	#002FA7\|SDKÚ-DS}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#96C82D\|SaS}}	#062751\|SNS}}

Slovak Parliament 2012–2016

83	13	11	16	16	11
#a71932\|Smer-SD}}	#EC7225\|Most-Híd}}	#002FA7\|SDKÚ-DS}}	#FFE17C\|KDH}}	#6f654f\|OĽaNO}}	#96C82D\|SaS}}

Slovak Parliament 2016–present

49	10	11	11	19	21	15	14
#a71932\|Smer-SD}}	#e5452e\|#Network}}	#EC7225\|Most–Híd}}	#0b3f95\|We Are Family}}	#6f654f\|OĽaNO}}- {{color\|#6f654f\|NOVA}}	#96C82D\|SaS}}	#062751\|SNS}}	{{People's Party – Our Slovakia/meta/color}}\|ĽSNS}}

Elections

Members of the parliament are elected directly for a 4-year term, under the proportional system. Although the suffrage is universal, only a citizen who has the right to vote, has attained 21 years of age and has permanent residency in the Slovak Republic is eligible to be elected. Similarly to the Netherlands and Israel, the whole country forms one multi-member constituency. The election threshold is 5%. Voters may indicate their preferences within the semi-open list. Parliamentary elections were last held in 2016.

Latest election

Slovak parliamentary election, 2016

Members (1990–present)

List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 1990–92
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 1992–94
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 1994–98
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 1998–2002
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 2002–06
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 2006–10
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 2010–12
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 2012–16
List of members of the National Council of Slovakia, 2016–

Buildings

The main parliament building is situated next to the Bratislava Castle on the castle hill. The building is insufficiently large to accommodate all officials and representatives. This is because it was built during the Czechoslovak period, when the legislature usually met in Prague.^[1] The secondary parliament building, which was the main building until 1994, is situated next to the Trinitarian Church below the castle hill in Bratislava.

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/08/world/europe/slovakia-is-key-to-survival-of-euro-currency-zone.html|title=Slovakia May Hold Key to Euro Debt Bailout|first=Nicholas|last=Kulish|date=7 October 2011|accessdate=15 December 2017|website=Nytimes.com}}

External links

{{Official website|http://www.nrsr.sk}} {{sk icon}} {{en icon}}

{{Slovakia topics}}{{Europe topic|Parliament of}}{{National unicameral legislatures}}{{coord|48|08|31|N|17|05|50|E|source:kolossus-plwiki|display=title}}

4 : Government of Slovakia|Parliaments by country|Unicameral legislatures|National legislatures

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