“1923 United Kingdom general election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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1923 United Kingdom general election

释义

Overview
Results
Votes summary Seats summary Constituency results
Transfers of seats
See also
Notes
References
Sources
Further reading
External links
Manifestos

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}{{Use British English|date=May 2014}}{{Infobox Election
| election_name = 1923 United Kingdom general election
| country = United Kingdom
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1922 United Kingdom general election
| previous_year = 1922
| outgoing_members = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1922
| next_election = 1924 United Kingdom general election
| next_year = 1924
| next_mps = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1924
| seats_for_election = All 615 seats in the House of Commons | majority_seats = 308
| elected_members = List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 1923
| election_date = 6 December 1923
| turnout = 71.1%, {{decrease}}1.9%
| image1 =
| leader1 = Stanley Baldwin
| leader_since1 = 23 May 1923
| party1 = Conservative Party (UK)
| leaders_seat1 = Bewdley
| last_election1 = 344 seats, 38.5%
| seats1 = 258
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}}86
| popular_vote1 = 5,286,159
| percentage1 = 38.0%
| swing1 = {{decrease}}0.5%
| image2 =
| leader2 = Ramsay MacDonald
| leader_since2 = 21 November 1922
| party2 = Labour Party (UK)
| leaders_seat2 = Aberavon
| last_election2 = 142 seats, 29.7%
| seats2 = 191
| seat_change2 = {{increase}}49
| popular_vote2 = 4,267,831
| percentage2 = 30.7%
| swing2 = {{increase}}1.0%
| image3 =
| leader3 = H. H. Asquith
| leader_since3 = 30 April 1908
| party3 = Liberal Party (UK)
| leaders_seat3 = Paisley
| last_election3 = 115 seats, 28.8%{{efn|This represents the joint total of the Liberals and the National Liberals in the 1922 election. The two parties reunified for the 1923 election.}}
| seats3 = 158
| seat_change3 = {{increase}}43
| popular_vote3 = 4,129,922
| percentage3 = 29.7%
| swing3 = {{increase}}0.9%
| map_image = 1923 UK General Election Results.png
| map_size = 380px
| map_caption = Colours denote the winning party—as shown in {{slink||Results}}
| title = Prime Minister
| posttitle = Appointed Prime Minister
| before_election = Stanley Baldwin
| before_party = Conservative Party (UK)
| after_election = Ramsay MacDonald
| after_party = Labour Party (UK)
}}

The 1923 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 6 December 1923. The Conservatives, led by Stanley Baldwin, won the most seats, but Labour, led by Ramsay MacDonald, and H. H. Asquith's reunited Liberal Party gained enough seats to produce a hung parliament. It was the last UK general election in which a third party (the Liberals) won more than 100 seats, or received more than 26% of the vote.

MacDonald formed the first ever Labour government with tacit support from the Liberals. Asquith's motivation for permitting Labour to enter power, rather than trying to bring the Liberals back into government, was that he hoped they would prove to be incompetent and quickly lose support. Being a minority, MacDonald's government only lasted ten months and another general election was held in October 1924.

{{UK general election navigation|clear=none|1918|1922|1923|1924|1929}}

Overview

In May 1923, Prime Minister Bonar Law fell ill and resigned on 22 May,^[1] after just 209 days in office. He was replaced by Chancellor of the Exchequer, Stanley Baldwin. The Labour Party had also changed leaders since the previous election, after J. R. Clynes was defeated in a leadership challenge by former leader Ramsay MacDonald.

Having won an election just the year before, Baldwin's Conservative Party had a comfortable majority in the House of Commons and could have waited another four years, but the government was concerned. Baldwin felt the need to receive a mandate from the people, which, if successful, would strengthen his grip on the Conservative Party leadership.

Oxford historian (and Conservative MP) J.A.R. Marriott depicts the gloomy national mood:{{quote|

The times were still out of joint. Mr. Baldwin had indeed succeeded in negotiating (January 1923) a settlement of the British debt to the United States, but on terms which involved an annual payment of £34 million, at the existing rate of exchange. The French remained in the Ruhr. Peace had not yet been made with Turkey; unemployment was a standing menace to national recovery; there was continued unrest among the wage-earners, and a significant strike among farm labourers in Norfolk.

Confronted by these difficulties, convinced that economic conditions in England called for a drastic change in fiscal policy, and urged thereto by the Imperial Conference of 1923, Mr. Baldwin decided to ask the country for a mandate for Preference and Protection.{{sfnm|Marriott|1948|1p=517|Doerr|2p=75–76}}

}}

The result however backfired on Baldwin, who lost a host of seats to Labour and the Liberals, resulting in a hung parliament. Baldwin attempted to continue in power, hoping that the Liberals would support his government, but they combined with Labour to vote down the King's Speech prepared by Baldwin, causing his government to fall. For the first time in history, Labour formed a government.

Results

↓{{fsp}}
258	191	158	8
Conservative	Labour	Liberal	O

{{Election Summary Begin with Leaders| title = UK General Election 1923}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|leader = Stanley Baldwin
|candidates = 536
|seats = 258
|gain = 23
|loss = 109
|net = −86
|votes = 5,286,159
|votes % = 38.0
|seats % = 41.95
|plus/minus = −0.5
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|leader = Ramsay MacDonald
|candidates = 427
|seats = 191
|gain = 64
|loss = 15
|net = +49
|votes = 4,267,831
|votes % = 30.7
|seats % = 31.06
|plus/minus = +1.0
|government = yes
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|leader = H. H. Asquith
|candidates = 457
|seats = 158
|gain = 86
|loss = 43
|net = +43
|votes = 4,129,922
|votes % = 29.7
|seats % = 25.69
|plus/minus = +0.9
|government =
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)
|leader = Joseph Devlin
|candidates = 4
|seats = 3
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 54,157
|votes % = 0.4
|seats % = 0.487
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent (politician)
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 6
|seats = 2
|gain = 0
|loss = 1
|net = −1
|votes = 36,802
|votes % = 0.3
|seats % = 0.325
|plus/minus = −0.5
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Communist Party of Great Britain
|leader = Albert Inkpin
|candidates = 4
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 1
|net = −1
|votes = 34,258
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % =
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Belfast Labour Party
|leader = David Robb Campbell
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 22,255
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % =
|plus/minus = N/A
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Labour
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 4
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 1
|net = −1
|votes = 17,331
|votes % = 0.2
|seats % =
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Liberal
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 3
|seats = 1
|gain = 1
|loss = 1
|net = 0
|votes = 16,184
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % =
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Constitutionalist (UK)
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 1
|net = −1
|votes = 15,500
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % =
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Independent Conservative
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 0
|gain = 0
|loss = 3
|net = −3
|votes = 15,171
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % =
|plus/minus = −0.8
}}{{Election Summary Party with Leaders|
|party = Scottish Prohibition Party
|leader = Edwin Scrymgeour
|candidates = 1
|seats = 1
|gain = 0
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 12,877
|votes % = 0.1
|seats % =
|plus/minus = 0.0
}}{{Election Summary with Leaders|
|party = Christian Pacifist
|leader = N/A
|candidates = 1
|seats = 1
|gain = 1
|loss = 0
|net = 0
|votes = 570
|votes % = 0.0
|seats % =
|plus/minus = N/A
}}
|}{{Hatnote|Total votes cast: 13,909,017. Turnout: 71.1%.^[2]{{efn|All parties shown. Conservatives include Ulster Unionists. Liberal total is compared to joint total of Liberals and National Liberals in 1922.}}
}}

Votes summary

{{bar box
|title=Popular vote
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=500px
|bars={{bar percent|Conservative|{{Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color}}|38.01}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{Labour Party (UK)/meta/color}}|30.68}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color}}|29.69}}{{bar percent|Nationalist|{{Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)/meta/color}}|0.39}}{{bar percent|Independent|{{Independent/meta/color}}|0.61}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.60}}
}}

Seats summary

{{bar box
|title=Parliamentary seats
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=600px
|barwidth=500px
|bars={{bar percent|Conservative|{{Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color}}|41.95}}{{bar percent|Labour|{{Labour Party (UK)/meta/color}}|31.06}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color}}|25.69}}{{bar percent|Nationalist|{{Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)/meta/color}}|0.5}}{{bar percent|Independent|{{Independent/meta/color}}|0.49}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.31}}
}}

Constituency results

{{For|a full list of the results by constituency|Constituency election results in the United Kingdom general election, 1923}}

Transfers of seats

All comparisons are with the 1922 election.
- In some cases the change is due to the MP defecting to the gaining party. Such circumstances are marked with a .
- In other circumstances the change is due to the seat having been won by the gaining party in a by-election in the intervening years, and then retained in 1923. Such circumstances are marked with a †.

{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Independent Labour}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Scottish Prohibition Party}}{{Party name with colour|Scottish Prohibition Party}}{{Party name with colour|Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)}}{{Party name with colour|Nationalist Party (Northern Ireland)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}} (HOLD){{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Independent Liberal}}{{Party name with colour|Independent Liberal}}{{Party name with colour|Independent politician}}{{Party name with colour|Independent politician}}{{Party name with colour|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}{{Party name with colour|Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)}}{{Party name with colour|Liberal Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour|Conservative Party (UK)}} (HOLD){{Party name with colour|Independent Conservative}}{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}{{Party name with colour|Ulster Unionist Party}}

From		To		No.	Seats
	{{Party shortname\|Communist Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour\|Liberal Party (UK)}}	1	Battersea North
		1	Motherwell
	{{Party shortname\|Labour Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}} (HOLD)	124	Aberdeen North, Ayrshire South, Bishop Auckland, Chester-le-Street, Derby (one of two), Dundee (one of two), Edinburgh Central, Fife West, Govan, Hamilton, Houghton-le-Spring, Workington, Plaistow, Forest of Dean, Burnley, Nelson and Colne, Preston (one of two), Ince, Platting, Westhoughton, Wigan, Salford North, Newton, St Helens, Holland with Boston, Deptford, Woolwich East, Morpeth, Broxtowe, Nottingham West, Kingswinford, Leek, Smethwick, Wednesbury, West Bromwich, Hemsworth, Leeds South East, Normanton, Rother Valley, Rothwell, Wentworth, Abertillery, Bedwellty, Ebbw Vale, Pontypool, Caerphilly, Gower, Ogmore, Rhondda East, Rhondda West, Glasgow Gorbals, Manchester Gorton, Cannock, East Ham South, Walthamstow West, Leicester West, Wallsend, Hanley, Bradford East, Don Valley, Aberdare, Silvertown, Midlothian South & Peebles, Derbyshire North East, Spennymoor, Seaham, Consett, Leigh, Whitechapel and St Georges, Wansbeck, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Dunfermline Burghs, Renfrewshire East, Renfrewshire West, Rutherglen, Dumbarton Burghs, Glasgow Bridgeton, Crewe, Clay Cross, Ilkeston, Blaydon, Jarrow, Poplar South, Stepney Limehouse, Pontefract, Sheffield Hillsborough, Sheffield Attercliffe, Sheffield Brightside, Leeds South, Doncaster, Barnsley, Batley and Morley, Colne Valley, Wrexham, Llanelli, Aberavon, Merthyr, Neath, Swansea East, Norfolk North, Clackmannan and Eastern Stirlingshire, Stirlingshire West, Lanarkshire North, Glasgow Maryhill, Glasgow Camlachie, Bothwell†, Coatbridge, Glasgow Springburn, Glasgow Tradeston, Glasgow St. Rollox, Glasgow Shettleston, Linlithgow, Durham, Stratford, Eccles, Farnworth, Manchester Ardwick, Oldham (one of two), Bow and Bromley, Camberwell North, Edmonton, Tottenham North, Newcastle upon Tyne Central, Bradford Central
		12	Accrington, Bermondsey West, Burslem, Carnarvonshire, Dewsbury, Elland, Gateshead, Keighley, Newcastle upon Tyne East, Newcastle upon Tyne West, Rochdale, Stirling and Falkirk
		2	Cathcart, Sedgefield
1	Anglesey†
1	Dundee (one of two)
3	Fermanagh and Tyrone (both seats), Liverpool Scotland
	{{Party shortname\|Liberal Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}}	5	Bethnal Green North-East, Derby (one of two), Huddersfield, Leeds West, Mansfield
		45	Greenock, Paisley, Leith, Edinburgh East, Chesterfield, Hull South West, Lambeth North, Wolverhampton East, Middlesbrough West, Penistone, Merionethshire, Montgomeryshire, Orkney and Shetland, East Aberdeenshire & Kincardineshire, Galloway, South Molton, South Shields, Spen Valley, Combined Scottish Universities (one of three), Aberdeen and Kincardine Central†, Forfarshire, Fife East, Edinburgh West, Dumfriesshire, Bedfordshire Mid, Birkenhead East, Tavistock, Dorset North, The Hartlepools, Harwich, Isle of Wight, Hull Central, Preston (one of two), Bootle, Horncastle, Bethnal Green South-West, Great Yarmouth, Nottingham Central, Oxford, Taunton, Chippenham, Westbury, Bradford South, Louth, Walsall
		8	Aberdeenshire West and Kincardine, Penrith and Cockermouth, Belper, Derbyshire West, Worcester, Holderness, Grantham, Norfolk South West
	{{Party shortname\|National Liberal Party (UK, 1922)}}{{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}}	20	Kirkcaldy Burghs, Glasgow Partick, Kilmarnock, Berwick & Haddington, Bristol East, Bristol North, Dartford, Bolton (one of two), Leicester East, Shoreditch, Southwark North, Southwark South East, Norwich (both seats), Northampton, Wellingborough, Lichfield, Shipley, Pontypridd†, Swansea West
		26	Caithness and Sutherland, Inverness, Ross and Cromarty, Western Isles, Banff, Montrose Burghs, Argyll, Stockport (one of two), Cornwall North, Stockton-on-Tees, Bristol South, Blackburn (one of two), Heywood and Radcliffe, Oldham (one of two), Stretford, Camberwell North-West, Hackney Central, Southwark Central, Stoke, Denbigh, Flintshire, Carmarthen, Pembrokeshire, Carnarvon, Brecon and Radnor, Combined English Universities (one of two)
		2	Camborne, Cardiganshire
		Christian Pacifist	1	University of Wales
			{{Party shortname\|Conservative Party (UK)}}	5	Moray and Nairn, Kinross and West Perthshire, Romford, Middleton & Prestwich, Sheffield Park
2	Eye, Cambridge University (one of two)		{{Party shortname\|Conservative Party (UK)}}
2	Mossley, Harrow
1	Halifax
	{{Party shortname\|Conservative Party (UK)}}{{Party name with colour\|Labour Party (UK)}}	40	Dunbartonshire, Lanark, Midlothian & Peebles North, Reading, Birkenhead West, Barnard Castle, Leyton East, East Ham North, Essex SE, Maldon, Upton, Gravesend, Manchester Clayton, Salford South, Salford West, Warrington, Liverpool Edge Hill†, Greenwich, Kennington, Hammersmith North, Finsbury, Hackney South, Islington South, Islington West, Stepney Mile End, Rotherhithe, St Pancras North, St Pancras South East, Norfolk South, Kettering, The Wrekin, Frome, Ipswich, Coventry, Enfield, Tottenham South, Willesden West, Wakefield, Rotherham, Cardiff South
		69	Perth, Edinburgh North, Luton, Abingdon, Newbury, Aylesbury, Wycombe, Huntingdonshire, Isle of Ely, Altrincham, Stalybridge and Hyde, Wirral, Penryn and Falmouth, St Ives, Barnstaple, Plymouth Devonport, Tiverton, Torquay, Totnes, Chelmsford, Stroud, Thornbury, Basingstoke, Portsmouth Central, Hemel Hempstead, Sevenoaks, Blackpool, Darwen, Lancaster, Lonsdale, Manchester Blackley, Manchester Exchange, Manchester Moss Side, Manchester Rusholme, Manchester Withington, Royton, Liverpool Wavertree, Liverpool West Derby, Southport, Bosworth, Harborough, Leicester South, Gainsborough, Hackney North, Brixton, Islington East, Stoke Newington, King's Lynn, Norfolk East, Hexham, Nottingham East, Shrewsbury, Bath, Bridgwater, Wells, Weston-super-Mare, Sudbury, Chichester, Nuneaton, Rugby, Finchley, Willesden East†, Devizes, Salisbury, Cleveland, Middlesbrough East, Bradford North, Sowerby, Cardiff East
		226	Cambridge University (one of two), Combined English Universities (one of two), Oxford University (both seats), London University, Combined Scottish Universities (two of three), Aberdeen South, Ayr Burghs, Ayrshire N & Bute, Glasgow Central, Hillhead, Pollok, Kelvingrove, Edinburgh South, Windsor, Buckingham, Cambridge, Chester, Eddisbury, Knutsford, Macclesfield, Northwich, Wallasey, Cumberland North, Westmorland, High Peak, Exeter, Honiton, Plymouth Drake, Plymouth Sutton, Dorset South, Dorset West, Darlington, Sunderland (both seats), Colchester, Epping, Ilford, Leyton West, Southend, Walthamstow E, Bristol Central, Bristol West, Cheltenham, Cirencester and Tewkesbury, Gloucester, Aldershot, Fareham, New Forest & Christchurch, Petersfield, Portsmouth North, Portsmouth South, Winchester, Hereford, Leominster, Bewdley, Dudley, Evesham, Kidderminster, Hitchin, St Albans, Watford, Ealing, Hornsey, Twickenham, Wood Green, Brentford and Chiswick, Hendon, Spelthorne, Uxbridge, Acton, Howdenshire, Hull East, Hull North West, Ashford, Bromley, Canterbury, Chatham, Chislehurst, Dover, Faversham, Gillingham, Hythe, Isle of Thanet, Maidstone, Tonbridge, Barrow-in-Furness, Blackburn (one of two), Chorley, Fylde, Rossendale, Ashton-under-Lyne, Bury, Hulme, E Toxteth, Everton, Liverpool Exchange, Fairfield, Kirkdale, Walton, West Toxteth, Waterloo, Widnes, Melton, Brigg, Grimsby, Lincoln, Rutland and Stamford, Balham and Tooting, Chelsea, Clapham, Dulwich, Fulham East, Hampstead, Holborn, Lewisham East, Lewisham West, Kensington South, Fulham West, Hammersmith South, Islington North, Kensington North, Battersea South, City of London (both seats), Norwood, Paddington North, Paddington South, Putney, St Marylebone, St Pancras South West, Streatham, Wandsworth Central, Westminster Abbey, Woolwich West, Daventry, Peterborough, Newcastle upon Tyne North, Tynemouth, Bassetlaw, Nottingham South, Rushcliffe, Newark, Henley, Ludlow, Oswestry, Yeovil, Burton, Stafford, Stone, Tamworth, Bilston, Wolverhampton West, Bury St Edmunds, Woodbridge, Chertsey, Croydon North, Croydon South, Epsom, Farnham, Guildford, Kingston upon Thames, Mitcham, Reigate, Surrey East, Wimbledon, Brighton (both seats), East Grinstead, Eastbourne, Hastings, Horsham and Worthing, Lewes, Rye, Aston, Deritend, Erdington, King's Norton, Ladywood, Yardley, Sparkbrook, Birmingham West, Edgbaston, Handsworth, Moseley, Warwick and Leamington, Swindon, York, Richmond (Yorks), Scarborough and Whitby, Thirsk and Malton, Barkston Ash, Ripon, Ecclesall, Hallam, Skipton, Leeds North East, Sheffield Central, Monmouth, Llandaff & Barry, Cardiff C, Bournemouth, Hertford, Bedford, Cambridgeshire, Derbyshire South, Southampton (both seats), Buckrose, Peckham, Banbury, Lowestoft, Pudsey and Otley, Leeds North, Leeds Central, Newport (Monmouthshire), Bodmin, Saffron Walden, Stourbridge, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Birmingham Duddeston, Stockport (one of two), Clitheroe, Ormskirk, Bolton (one of two)
	{{Party shortname\|Independent Conservative}}{{Party name with colour\|Conservative Party (UK)}}	2	Westminster St George's, Richmond (Surrey)*
		1	Dorset East
11	Antrim (both seats), Armagh, Belfast East, Belfast North, Belfast South, Belfast West, Down (both seats), Londonderry, Queen's University of Belfast

Notes

References

1. ^{{citation |url=http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/andrew-bonar-law |title=Archived copy |accessdate=31 July 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210309/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/andrew-bonar-law |archivedate=25 August 2008 }}
2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/lib/research/rp2008/rp08-012.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708134346/http://www.parliament.uk/documents/commons/lib/research/rp2008/rp08-012.pdf |archive-date=8 July 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}

Sources

{{citation |authorlink=F. W. S. Craig |first=F. W. S. |last=Craig |title=British Electoral Facts: 1832–1987 |year=1989 |location=Dartmouth |publisher=Gower |isbn=0900178302 }}
{{citation |first=Paul W. |last=Doerr |title=British foreign policy 1919–1939}}{{publisher missing}}{{year missing|date=May 2018}}
{{citation |first=J. A. R. |last=Marriott |authorlink=John Marriott (British politician) |title=Modern England: 1885–1945 |edition=1948}}

External links

United Kingdom election results—summary results 1885–1979

Manifestos

1923 Conservative manifesto
[https://web.archive.org/web/20040212181039/http://labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1923/1923-labour-manifesto.shtml 1923 Labour manifesto]
1923 Liberal manifesto

4 : 1923 United Kingdom general election|General elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom|1923 elections in the United Kingdom|December 1923 events

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