| 词条 | National Democratic Congress (Ghana) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = National Democratic Congress | logo = Logo of the National Democratic Congress (Ghana).svg | caption = | colorcode = {{National Democratic Congress (Ghana)/meta/color}} | abbreviation = NDC | leader = John Dramani Mahama | chairperson = Samuel Ofosu-Ampofo | general_secretary = Asiedu Nketia | founder = Jerry Rawlings | founded = {{Start date|df=yes|1992|07|28}} | headquarters = Adama Ave, Adabraka, Accra | student_wing = TEIN | ideology = Social democracy | position = Centre-left | international = Progressive Alliance Socialist International | colors = {{Color box|{{National Democratic Congress (Ghana)/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|white|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|red|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|black|border=gray}} Green, White, Red, Black | anthem = {{center|}} | slogan = Unity, Stability and Development | seats1_title = Parliament | seats1 = {{Composition bar|{{ParGHA|NDC}}|275|hex={{National Democratic Congress (Ghana)/meta/color}}}} | seats2_title = Pan-African Parliament | seats2 = {{Composition bar|3|5|hex={{National Democratic Congress (Ghana)/meta/color}}}} | symbol = The Umbrella with the Head of a Dove at the Tip | flag = | website = {{URL|https://officialndc.com/}} | country = Ghana }} The National Democratic Congress (NDC) is a social democratic political party in Ghana, founded by Jerry Rawlings, who was Head of State of Ghana from 1981 to 1993 and the President of Ghana from 1993 to 2001. Following the formation of the Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC) which ruled Ghana following the military coup d'état on 31 December 1981, there was pressure from the international community to restore democracy. The NDC was formed as the ruling party ahead of elections in 1992, in which Rawlings was elected president, and in 1996 Rawlings as re-elected as the NDC candidate. Rawlings' second term ended in 2001. The NDC lost the presidency in the 2000 election, and it was not until the 2008 election that they regained it with candidate John Atta Mills. The NDC party symbol is an umbrella with the head of a dove at the tip. The party colors are red, white, green, and black, and the party slogan or motto is "Unity, stability, and development." Internationally, the NDC is a member of the Progressive Alliance[2] and Socialist International.[3] On 9 December 2012, the Electoral Commission of Ghana declared NDC candidate John Dramani Mahama to be President-elect after a hotly contested race in which he won 50.7% of votes cast.[4] Electoral performanceThe NDC has contested all national elections since its inception. 2000 electionsThe 2000 election was the first presidential election since 1992 that an incumbent president was not on the ballot. Jerry Rawlings' eight-year tenure had expired as per the Constitution of Ghana. John Atta Mills became the presidential candidate of the National Democratic Congress at a special delegate congress held in Ho in the Volta Region of Ghana. He was popularly acclaimed the presidential candidate of the party for the 2000 presidential election. Vice-President. John Atta Mills lost in 2000 to New Patriotic Party's John Kufour after two rounds of voting. 2004 electionsIn the 2004 elections the party's manifesto called for "A Better Ghana".[5] John Atta Mills ran again for the NDC in the 2004 presidential elections, winning 44.6% of the vote, but losing to the New Patriotic Party. In the general elections held on 7 December 2004, the party won only 94 of the 230 seats. 2008 electionsOn 21 December 2006, Mills was overwhelmingly elected by the NDC as its candidate for the 2008 presidential election with a majority of 81.4%, or 1,362 votes. Ekwow Spio-Garbrah was second with 8.7% (146 votes), Alhaji Mahama Iddrisu was third with 8.2% (137 votes), and Eddie Annan was fourth with 1.7% (28 votes).[6] In April 2008, John Mahama was chosen as the party's vice-presidential candidate.[7] On 3 January 2009, Mills was certified as the victor of the 28 December 2008 run-off election and became the next president of Ghana.[8] 2012 transfer of power and electionsPresident John Atta Mills died, after a short illness, in the afternoon of 24 July 2012 while still in office. Vice President John Dramani Mahama of the NDC was sworn in as president that evening.[9] The NDC picked John Dramani Mahama for their presidential candidate and sitting vice president Paa Kwesi Amissah-Arthur as their vice-presidential candidate for the 2012 elections. 2016 primariesIn November 2015 after securing an overwhelming 1,199 118 out of a total of 1, 286, 728 votes representing 95.10% party members in the presidential primaries, President John Dramani Mahama was endorsed to lead the NDC in the 2016 general elections.[10] Election results
Table presidential elections
Governments formedSince the NDC was formed, it has formed two governments following elections, and a third following the death of President Mills. The list of governments is as follows:
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Dr-Spio-replaces-Jewel-Ackah-in-NDC-song-composition-694086|title=Dr. Spio replaces Jewel Ackah in NDC song composition|website=ghanaweb.com|date=20 October 2018|accessdate=5 December 2018}} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://progressive-alliance.info/participants/ |title=List of Political Parties and Associated Partners of the Progressive Alliance |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302142054/http://progressive-alliance.info/participants/ |archive-date=2 March 2015 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^List of Member Parties of the Socialist International {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20131103120922/http://www.socialistinternational.org/viewArticle.cfm?ArticlePageID=931 |date=3 November 2013 }}. 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2012/ |title=Presidential Candidates Ghana Elections 2012 |website=GhanaWeb |access-date=18 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118102834/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2012/ |archive-date=18 January 2017 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^{{cite web|title=National Democratic Congress Manifesto 2004 "A Better Ghana"|website=GhanaWeb |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2004/ndc_manifesto.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070327235951/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/election2004/ndc_manifesto.pdf|archivedate=27 March 2007}} 6. ^{{cite news|author=Ghana News Agency (GNA)|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/120781/1/ndc-congress-results-prof-wins.html|title=NDC Congress Results – Prof Wins|newspaper=Modern Ghana|date=22 December 2006|access-date=18 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319113021/https://www.modernghana.com/news/120781/1/ndc-congress-results-prof-wins.html|archive-date=19 March 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.modernghana.com/news/162261/1/Mills-chooses-john-mahama-as-running-mate |title=Mills Chooses John Mahama As Running Mate |website=ModernGhana |date=10 April 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081019191857/http://www.modernghana.com/news/162261/1/Mills-chooses-john-mahama-as-running-mate |archivedate=19 October 2008}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7809451.stm |title=Opposition Leader Wins Ghana Poll |publisher=BBC |date=3 January 2009 |access-date=3 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090104082258/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7809451.stm |archive-date=4 January 2009 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 9. ^{{cite web|title=The Executive - President of the Republic of Ghana|publisher=Ghana Government Portal|url=http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/the-executive|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007203447/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/governance/the-executive|archivedate=7 October 2012}} 10. ^{{cite news|last1=Ghana Web|title=Mahama Gets 95.10% NDC Endorsement For 2016 Elections|url=http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201511/261585.php|accessdate=22 January 2018|agency=Ghana Web|publisher=Ghana Web|date=22 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180123072218/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201511/261585.php|archive-date=23 January 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/g/ghana/ghana2012.txt |title=REPUBLIC OF GHANA – PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF DECEMBER 2012 |accessdate=2013-04-05 |publisher=Adam Carr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528181414/http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/g/ghana/ghana2012.txt |archive-date=28 May 2016 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 12. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/g/ghana/ghana2008.txt |title=REPUBLIC OF GHANA – PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF DECEMBER 2008 |accessdate=2010-08-26 |publisher=Adam Carr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110313085146/http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/g/ghana/ghana2008.txt |archive-date=13 March 2011 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#2004_Presidential_Election |title=07 December 2004 Presidential Election |accessdate=2010-08-26 |publisher=Albert C. Nunley |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530060759/http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#2004_Presidential_Election |archive-date=30 May 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 14. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/g/ghana/ghana1.txt |title=REPUBLIC OF GHANA – PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF DECEMBER 2000 |accessdate=2010-08-26 |publisher=Adam Carr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110228111753/http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/g/ghana/ghana1.txt |archive-date=28 February 2011 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1996_Presidential_Election |title=07 December 1996 Presidential Election |accessdate=2010-08-26 |work=Elections in Ghana |publisher=Albert C. Nunley |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530060759/http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1996_Presidential_Election |archive-date=30 May 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1992_Presidential_Election |title=03 November 1992 Presidential Election |accessdate=2010-08-26 |work=Elections in Ghana |publisher=Albert C. Nunley |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530060759/http://africanelections.tripod.com/gh.html#1992_Presidential_Election |archive-date=30 May 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} External links
(military government)}}{{s-ttl|title=Governments of Ghana Rawlings government|years=1993 – 2001}}{{s-aft|after=Kufuor government (New Patriotic Party)}}{{s-bef|before=Kufuor government (New Patriotic Party)}}{{s-ttl|title=Governments of Ghana Mills government & Mahama government|years=2009 – 2016}}{{s-aft|after=Akufo-Addo government (New Patriotic Party)}}{{s-end}}{{Ghanaian political parties}} 6 : 1992 establishments in Ghana|Full member parties of the Socialist International|Political parties established in 1992|Political parties in Ghana|Progressive Alliance|Social democratic parties in Ghana |
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