“National League Championship Series”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

National League Championship Series

释义

History
Championship Trophy
Most Valuable Player Award
NLCS results (1969–present)
NLCS appearances by team Recurring matchups
See also
References

{{short description|Major League Baseball series to determine which team will represent the National League in the World Series}}{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2015}}{{redirect|NLCS}}{{MLB playoffs sidebar}}

The National League Championship Series (NLCS) is a best-of-seven series played in October in the Major League Baseball postseason that determines the winner of the National League (NL) pennant. The winner of the series advances to play the winner of the American League Championship Series (ALCS) in the World Series, Major League Baseball's championship series.

History

Prior to 1969, the National League champion (the "pennant winner") was determined by the best win-loss record at the end of the regular season. There were four ad hoc three-game playoff series due to ties under this formulation (in 1946, 1951, 1959, and 1962). (The American League had to resolve a tie in 1948, but used a single-game playoff.)

A structured postseason series began in 1969, when both the National and American Leagues were reorganized into two divisions each, East and West. The two division winners within each league played each other in a best-of-five series to determine who would advance to the World Series. In 1985, the format changed to best-of-seven.

The NLCS and ALCS, since the expansion to seven games, are always played in a 2–3–2 format: games 1, 2, 6, and 7 are played in the stadium of the team that has home field advantage, and games 3, 4, and 5 are played in the stadium of the team that does not. Home field advantage is given to the team that has the better record, with the exception that the team that made the postseason as the Wild Card cannot get home field advantage. From 1969 to 1993, home field advantage was alternated between divisions each year regardless of regular season record and from 1995 to 1997 home field advantage was predetermined before the season.

In 1981, a divisional series was held due to a split season caused by a players' strike.

In 1994, the league was restructured into three divisions, with the three division winners and a wild-card team advancing to a best-of-five postseason round, the National League Division Series (NLDS). The winners of that round advance to the best-of-seven NLCS.

The Milwaukee Brewers, an American League team between 1969 and 1997, and the Houston Astros, a National League team between 1962 and 2012, are the only franchises to play in both the ALCS and NLCS. The Astros are the only team to have won both an NLCS (2005) and an ALCS (2017). The Astros made four NLCS appearances before moving to the AL in 2013. Every current National League franchise has appeared in the NLCS.^[1]

Championship Trophy

The Warren C. Giles Trophy, named for the president of the NL from 1951 to 1969, is awarded to the NLCS winner.^[2]

Most Valuable Player Award

See: League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award#National League winners

A Most Valuable Player (MVP) award is given to the outstanding player in each series, though voters can consider performances made during the divisional series. The MVP award has been given to a player on the losing team twice, in 1986 to Mike Scott of the Houston Astros and in 1987 to Jeff Leonard of the San Francisco Giants.

Although the National League began its LCS MVP award in 1977, the American League did not begin its LCS MVP award until 1980.^[3]

NLCS results (1969–present)

Key

wc	Denotes wild-card team (since 1995)
*	Denotes MVP did not play for winning team

Year	Winner	Manager	Loser	Manager	Record	Series MVP	Network
1969	New York Mets	Gil\|Hodges}}	Atlanta Braves	Lum\|Harris}}	3–0		NBC
1970	Cincinnati Reds	Sparky\|Anderson}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Danny\|Murtaugh}}	3–0		NBC
1971	Pittsburgh Pirates	Danny\|Murtaugh}}	San Francisco Giants	Charlie\|Fox}}	3–1		NBC
1972	Cincinnati Reds	Sparky\|Anderson}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Bill\|Virdon}}	3–2		NBC
1973	New York Mets	Yogi\|Berra}}	Cincinnati Reds	Sparky\|Anderson}}	3–2		NBC
1974	Los Angeles Dodgers	Walter\|Alston}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Danny\|Murtaugh}}	3–1		NBC
1975	Cincinnati Reds	Sparky\|Anderson}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Danny\|Murtaugh}}	3–0		NBC
1976	Cincinnati Reds	Sparky\|Anderson}}	Philadelphia Phillies	Danny\|Ozark}}	3–0		ABC
1977	Los Angeles Dodgers	Tommy\|Lasorda}}	Philadelphia Phillies	Danny\|Ozark}}	3–1	Dusty Baker, Los Angeles	NBC
1978	Los Angeles Dodgers	Tommy\|Lasorda}}	Philadelphia Phillies	Danny\|Ozark}}	3–1	Steve Garvey, Los Angeles	ABC
1979	Pittsburgh Pirates	Chuck\|Tanner}}	Cincinnati Reds	John\|McNamara\|John McNamara (baseball)}}	3–0	Willie Stargell, Pittsburgh	NBC
1980	Philadelphia Phillies	Dallas\|Green\|Dallas Green (baseball)}}	Houston Astros	Bill\|Virdon}}	3–2	Manny Trillo, Philadelphia	ABC
1981	Los Angeles Dodgers	Tommy\|Lasorda}}	Montreal Expos	Jim\|Fanning}}	3–2	Burt Hooton, Los Angeles	NBC
1982	St. Louis Cardinals	Whitey\|Herzog}}	Atlanta Braves	Joe\|Torre}}	3–0	Darrell Porter, St. Louis	ABC
1983	Philadelphia Phillies	Paul\|Owens\|Paul Owens (baseball)}}	Los Angeles Dodgers	Tommy\|Lasorda}}	3–1	Gary Matthews, Philadelphia	NBC
1984	San Diego Padres	Dick\|Williams}}	Chicago Cubs	Jim\|Frey}}	3–2	Steve Garvey, San Diego	ABC
1985	St. Louis Cardinals	Whitey\|Herzog}}	Los Angeles Dodgers	Tommy\|Lasorda}}	4–2	Ozzie Smith, St. Louis	NBC
1986	New York Mets	Davey\|Johnson}}	Houston Astros	Hal\|Lanier}}	4–2	Mike Scott, Houston*	ABC
1987	St. Louis Cardinals	Whitey\|Herzog}}	San Francisco Giants	Roger\|Craig\|Roger Craig (baseball)}}	4–3	Jeffrey Leonard, San Francisco*	NBC
1988	Los Angeles Dodgers	Tommy\|Lasorda}}	New York Mets	Davey\|Johnson}}	4–3	Orel Hershiser, Los Angeles	ABC
1989	San Francisco Giants	Roger\|Craig\|Roger Craig (baseball)}}	Chicago Cubs	Don\|Zimmer}}	4–1	Will Clark, San Francisco	NBC
1990	Cincinnati Reds	Lou\|Piniella}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Jim\|Leyland}}	4–2	Rob Dibble and Randy Myers, Cincinnati	CBS
1991	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Jim\|Leyland}}	4–3	Steve Avery, Atlanta	CBS
1992	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	Pittsburgh Pirates	Jim\|Leyland}}	4–3	John Smoltz, Atlanta	CBS
1993	Philadelphia Phillies	Jim\|Fregosi}}	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	4–2	Curt Schilling, Philadelphia	CBS
1994	Series cancelled^[4]	—	—	—	—	—	—
1995	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	Cincinnati Reds	Davey\|Johnson}}	4–0	Mike Devereaux, Atlanta	ABC/NBC
1996	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	St. Louis Cardinals	Tony\|La Russa}}	4–3	Javy López, Atlanta	Fox
1997	wc}}	Jim\|Leyland}}	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	4–2	Liván Hernández, Florida	NBC
1998	San Diego Padres	Bruce\|Bochy}}	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	4–2	Sterling Hitchcock, San Diego	Fox
1999	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	wc}}	Bobby\|Valentine}}	4–2	Eddie Pérez, Atlanta	NBC
2000	wc}}	Bobby\|Valentine}}	St. Louis Cardinals	Tony\|La Russa}}	4–1	Mike Hampton, New York	Fox
2001	Arizona Diamondbacks	Bob\|Brenly}}	Atlanta Braves	Bobby\|Cox}}	4–1	Craig Counsell, Arizona	Fox
2002	wc}}	Dusty\|Baker}}	St. Louis Cardinals	Tony\|La Russa}}	4–1	Benito Santiago, San Francisco	Fox
2003	wc}}	Jack\|McKeon}}	Chicago Cubs	Dusty\|Baker}}	4–3	Iván Rodríguez, Florida	Fox
2004	St. Louis Cardinals	Tony\|La Russa}}	wc}}	Phil\|Garner}}	4–3	Albert Pujols, St. Louis	Fox
2005	wc}}	Phil\|Garner}}	St. Louis Cardinals	Tony\|La Russa}}	4–2	Roy Oswalt, Houston	Fox
2006	St. Louis Cardinals	Tony\|La Russa}}	New York Mets	Willie\|Randolph}}	4–3	Jeff Suppan, St. Louis	Fox
2007	wc}}	Clint\|Hurdle}}	Arizona Diamondbacks	Bob\|Melvin}}	4–0	Matt Holliday, Colorado	TBS
2008	Philadelphia Phillies	Charlie\|Manuel}}	Los Angeles Dodgers	Joe\|Torre}}	4–1	Cole Hamels, Philadelphia	Fox
2009	Philadelphia Phillies	Charlie\|Manuel}}	Los Angeles Dodgers	Joe\|Torre}}	4–1	Ryan Howard, Philadelphia	TBS
2010	San Francisco Giants	Bruce\|Bochy}}	Philadelphia Phillies	Charlie\|Manuel}}	4–2	Cody Ross, San Francisco	Fox
2011	wc}}	Tony\|La Russa}}	Milwaukee Brewers	Ron\|Roenicke}}	4–2	David Freese, St. Louis	TBS
2012	San Francisco Giants	Bruce\|Bochy}}	wc}}	Mike\|Matheny}}	4–3	Marco Scutaro, San Francisco	Fox
2013	St. Louis Cardinals	Mike\|Matheny}}	Los Angeles Dodgers	Don\|Mattingly}}	4–2	Michael Wacha, St. Louis	TBS
2014	wc}}	Bruce\|Bochy}}	St. Louis Cardinals	Mike\|Matheny}}	4–1	Madison Bumgarner, San Francisco	Fox/FS1
2015	New York Mets	Terry\|Collins}}	wc}}	Joe\|Maddon}}	4–0	Daniel Murphy, New York	TBS
2016	Chicago Cubs	Joe\|Maddon}}	Los Angeles Dodgers	Dave\|Roberts\|Dave Roberts (outfielder)}}	4–2	Javier Báez and Jon Lester, Chicago	FS1
2017	Los Angeles Dodgers	Dave\|Roberts\|Dave Roberts (outfielder)}}	Chicago Cubs	Joe\|Maddon}}	4–1	Chris Taylor and Justin Turner, Los Angeles	TBS
2018	Los Angeles Dodgers	Dave\|Roberts\|Dave Roberts (outfielder)}}	Milwaukee Brewers	Craig\|Counsell}}	4-3	Cody Bellinger, Los Angeles	Fox/FS1

NLCS appearances by team

Series appearances	Team	Wins	Losses	Win %	Most recent win	Most recent appearance	Games won	Games lost	Game win %
13	St. Louis Cardinals	7	6	7\|6}}	2013	2014	38	39	38\|39}}
13	Los Angeles Dodgers	7	6	7\|6}}	2018	2018	29	32	29\|32}}
11	Atlanta Braves	5	6	5\|6}}	1999	2001	27	33	27\|33}}
9	Philadelphia Phillies	5	4	5\|4}}	2009	2010	22	20	22\|20}}
9	Pittsburgh Pirates	2	7	2\|7}}	1979	1992	17	25	17\|25}}
8	Cincinnati Reds	5	3	5\|3}}	1990	1995	18	14	18\|14}}
8	New York Mets	5	3	5\|3}}	2015	2015	26	17	26\|17}}
7	San Francisco Giants	5	2	5\|2}}	2014	2014	24	15	24\|15}}
6	Chicago Cubs	1	5	1\|5}}	2016	2017	11	21	11\|21}}
4	Houston Astros	1	3	1\|3}}	2005	2005	11	13	11\|13}}
2	Miami Marlins	2	0	2\|0}}	2003	2003	8	5	8\|5}}
2	San Diego Padres	2	0	2\|0}}	1998	1998	7	4	7\|4}}
2	Arizona Diamondbacks	1	1	1\|1}}	2001	2007	4	5	4\|5}}
2	Milwaukee Brewers	0	2	0\|2}}	-	2018	5	8	5\|8}}
1	Colorado Rockies	1	0	1\|0}}	2007	2007	4	0	4\|0}}
1	Montreal Expos	0	1	0\|1}}	-	1981	2	3	2\|3}}

Recurring matchups

Count	Matchup	Record	Years
5	Cincinnati Reds vs. Pittsburgh Pirates	Reds, 4–1	1970, 1972, 1975, 1979, 1990
5	Los Angeles Dodgers vs. Philadelphia Phillies	Phillies, 3–2	1977, 1978, 1983, 2008, 2009
4	San Francisco Giants vs. St. Louis Cardinals	Giants, 3–1	1987, 2002, 2012, 2014
2	Atlanta Braves vs. New York Mets	Tied, 1–1	1969, 1999
2	Atlanta Braves vs. St. Louis Cardinals	Tied, 1–1	1982, 1996
2	Atlanta Braves vs. Pittsburgh Pirates	Braves, 2–0	1991, 1992
2	Houston Astros vs. St. Louis Cardinals	Tied, 1–1	2004, 2005
2	New York Mets vs. St. Louis Cardinals	Tied, 1–1	2000, 2006
2	Los Angeles Dodgers vs. St. Louis Cardinals	Cardinals, 2–0	1985, 2013
2	Chicago Cubs vs. Los Angeles Dodgers	Tied, 1–1	2016, 2017

References

1. ^Note: The Washington Nationals having done so in 1981, as the Montreal Expos
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/sports/phillies/20081016__Fantastic_feeling__for_Bill_Giles.html|title='Fantastic feeling' for Bill Giles,|website=The Philadelphia Inquirer|date=Oct 16, 2008|accessdate=August 17, 2009}}
3. ^League Championship Series Most Valuable Players (MLB.com/News/Awards/History/ ). MLB Advanced Media, L.P. Retrieved August 31, 2009.
4. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/|title=Baseball-Reference Playoff and World Series Index|publisher=Sports Reference|work=Baseball-Reference|accessdate=November 5, 2009}}

2 : National League Championship Series|Recurring sporting events established in 1969

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