“National Park of Upper Niger”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The National Park of Upper Niger is a national park in Guinea that was gazetted in January 1997 with a core area of {{convert|554|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.^[1] The park protects important tracts of forest and savannah, and is considered a conservation priority for West Africa as a whole.

History

Areas of low human impact are comparatively rare now in Guinea, and found only in areas of low population density. One such area is that of the Mafou Forest, the last remaining area of dry forest in Guinea and one of the few left in West Africa. This area has a low population because of the widespread incidences of river-blindness and as a result of the atrocities of Samory Touré in the latter part of the 19th century. The area has been little disturbed in the last 50 years.

The park comprises two zones, a core protected zone and a buffer zone in which local people are encouraged to use the resources of the part in a sustainable way. Farming and the collecting of non-timber forest products is permitted. The government manages fishing, hunting and timber harvesting in cooperation with local communities. Since 2005, the protected area is considered a Lion Conservation Unit.^[2]

Ecology of the park

The park covers several ecological zones, the dominant is that of savannah, consisting of woodland and bushland. A smaller area of the park consists of riparian forests along the Niger and Mafou Rivers. Around five percent of the park is agricultural, along the edges of the park. The park is subject to frequent fires during the dry season.

Fauna of the park

Surveys in the park conducted during 1996–97 revealed a diverse mammalian fauna of 94 species including:^[3]

The African elephant (Loxodonta africana) once occurred in the park but is now extinct.^[3]

Threats to the park

There is a large trade in hunted animals from the park. At present this is carefully managed by park authorities, who feel that creating incentives for careful management of the resources is the best way to protect the forest as a whole. This is in line with current trends in community conservation.

References

1. ^¹{{cite journal | title=Mammalian diversity in the National Park of Upper Niger, Republic of Guinea–an update | author=Brugiere, D. and Magassouba, B. | journal=Oryx | year=2003 | volume=37 | issue=1 | pages=19}}
2. ^{{cite book |title=Conservation Strategy for the Lion West and Central Africa |publisher=IUCN |author=IUCN Cat Specialist Group |year=2006 |location=Yaounde, Cameroon}}
3. ^¹{{Cite journal |last=Ziegler |first=S. |last2=Nikolaus |first2=G. |last3=Hutterer |first3=R. |date=2002 |title=High mammalian diversity in the newly established National Park of Upper Niger, Republic of Guinea |journal=Oryx |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=73–80 |doi=10.1017/S0030605301000011 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rainer_Hutterer/publication/231894098_High_mammalian_diversity_in_the_newly_established_National_Park_of_Upper_Niger_Republic_of_Guinea/links/5722f6cb08ae586b21d401b8/High-mammalian-diversity-in-the-newly-established-National-Park-of-Upper-Niger-Republic-of-Guinea.pdf}}