| 词条 | War Merit Cross (Italy) |
| 释义 |
| name = War Merit Cross | image = Croce di guerra al merito (recto).svg | image_size = 100px | caption = War Merit Cross | awarded_by = {{flag|Italy}} | country = | type = | eligibility = Members of the Italian armed forces | for = One year of service in combat operations Being wounded in combat | campaign = | status = | description = | motto = | clasps = | post-nominals = | established = 19 January 1918 | first_award = | last_award = | total = | posthumous = | recipients = | precedence_label = | individual = | higher = War Cross for Military Valor[1] | same = | lower = Army Merit Cross[1] | related = | image2 = Ribbon bar of the cross Ribbon bar of the cross for two awards | caption2 = }} The Italian War Merit Cross ({{lang-it|Croce al Merito di Guerra}}) was instituted by King Victor Emanuel III on 19 January 1918.[2] From its institution until 30 May 1927, 1,034,924 Crosses were issued.[3] EligibilityThe Italian War Merit Cross was awarded to members of the armed forces with a minimum of one year's service in contact with an enemy who received the Medal of the Wounded, or to those who, when mentioned for war merit, received a promotion. Also, if an act of valour was deemed insufficient for the Medal of Military Valour, the War Merit Cross could be awarded instead; from 1922 onwards a bronze sword on the ribbon showed this class of award. DesignThe War Merit Cross was in bronze, 38mm wide (1-1/2 inches), with a blue ribbon. A second award was indicated by a bronze star on the ribbon.[2] The reverse side bears a 5-pointed star on a background of rays. The obverse has the royal cypher ("VE III" under a crown) in the upper arm, "MERITO DI GVERRA" (War Merit) on the horizontal arms and a Roman sword point upwards, on oak leaves, in the lower arm. During World War II, the War Merit Cross underwent a number of significant changes.[3] In 1941, by decree, the War Merit Cross was replaced by the Medal of Military Valour. Notable recipients{{Refimprove section|date=June 2012}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.esercito.difesa.it/Equipaggiamenti/Militaria/Decorazioni/DecorazionieOnorificenze/Nastrinidecorazioniinuso/Pagine/default.aspx |title=Esercito Italiano- Nastrini delle decorazioni in uso |publisher=Esercito.difesa.it |date= |accessdate=2012-05-30|language=Italian}} {{ODM-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite web | title=Italian Army Awards and Medals WW1 | work= diggerhistory | date= 11 Nov 2002 | url= http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-medals/italian1.htm | accessdate= 17 October 2010 }} 3. ^1 {{cite web | title=Medals of Italy | first= Micheal | last= Shackelford | work= | year= 1998 | url= http://www.gwpda.org/medals/italmedl/italy.html | accessdate= 17 October 2010 }} 2 : Military awards and decorations of Italy|Recipients of the War Merit Cross (Italy) |
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