“Watts family”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Watts are a fictional family in the BBC soap opera EastEnders. The family consists of Den, Angie, Sharon, Dennis, Chrissie, and Vicki. Most recently, Dennis Jnr was born in July 2006 and made his first appearance in 2012.

The Watts have been a critical part of EastEnders over the years, anchoring its early success in the late 1980s and then again dominating the action with their return in the mid-2000s. Their longstanding "feud" with the Mitchell family has become a hallmark of the show,^[1] as has their warring for the Queen Vic pub, the original and traditional home of the Watts family.^[2] Over the years the fractured family has centred largely on Den and his "princess", Sharon, with familial affairs also being marked by Den's tumultuous marriages with his long-suffering first wife, Angie, and scheming second wife, Chrissie.

The Watts are one of EastEnders original families (together with the Fowlers and Beales) and have been involved in many memorable storylines, have brought the show its biggest ratings,^[3] and have included some of its most iconic characters.^[4]

Creation and development

Introduction

The Watts family were one of the central families introduced to viewers when EastEnders began in 1985, created by the show's co-creators Tony Holland and Julia Smith. Holland and Smith had correctly anticipated the importance the Queen Vic setting would have to EastEnders and therefore intended the Watts to be highly dynamic and vibrant characters fuelling the drama of the show,^[5] something that has largely been a hallmark of the family ever since, even as new members have been added, with the character of Dennis a popular favourite among audiences, winning various soap and television awards,^[6] and Chrissie largely the "centrepiece" of the show during her tenure.^[7] The Watts were originally composed of Den and Angie and their adopted daughter Sharon. The early focus of the family was on the tempestuous marriage between Den and Ange, rooted in Den's womanising. Indeed, Den's wandering eye is a central element in the family affairs of the Watts and would frame many of their storylines over the years, leading him into affairs with women including Jan Hammond, Kate Mitchell, and finally Zoe Slater. In 1986, Sharon's 17-year-old friend Michelle Fowler gave birth to Vicki, the product of an illicit relationship with Den, whilst in 2003 Dennis Rickman was introduced as Den's son from an affair he had in 1974.

In April 1988, Anita Dobson made her last appearance as Angie Watts, and soon afterwards Leslie Grantham expressed his desire to step down from the role of Den Watts. However, the show's producers did not want to suffer the double blow of losing both characters so close together, so Den's last appearance was aired in February 1989, although he had left the set of EastEnders in the autumn of 1988. Letitia Dean remained in the role as Sharon until 1995, her character helping to facilitate the introduction of a new family - the Mitchells, who were one of the central families in the show from 1990 - through her marriage to Grant and her affair with Phil. The revelation of her affair and the breakdown of her marriage is widely held to be EastEnders' most notable storyline of the 1990s and is seen by many as the show's finest moment,^[8] dubbed “Sharongate” by the press and fans alike. It is also the culminating point to Sharon’s original run in EastEnders, and in 1995 Dean announced her intention to leave and Sharon departed Walford.

Return of the Watts

However, the popularity of the Watts to viewers and the importance of the family to the show meant that successive producers and executives continually asked Dean, Dobson, and Grantham to reprise their roles.^[9]^[10] In 2001 John Yorke succeeded where others had failed, and Sharon made a triumphant return as the new secret owner of the Queen Vic, Yorke having "first floated the idea of Sharon's return" the previous year.^[11] The return was part of a highly successful year for EastEnders, and to build upon that success it was decided by Yorke, his successor Louise Berridge and Head of Drama Serials Mal Young to expand Sharon's familial connections and bring the Watts back to Walford. In the coming months producers and executives began work on reconstituting the family;^[12] although Anita Dobson finally rejected attempts to bring Angie back,^[13] Grantham finally agreed to return as Den in 2003, to accompany the re-introduction of his family,^[14] with Den's unknown son Dennis being introduced at the beginning of that year. At the same time, a teenage Vicki Fowler was brought back into the show, having left with her mother Michelle in 1995.^[15] Although a Fowler, Vicki maintained a close relationship with Sharon, with her storylines centring mainly around the Watts saga. The return of Den reunited the fractured Watts family,^[16] creating "a real buzz to the show".^[17]

Den's return was widely regarded as a coup and seen as instrumental to EastEnders success at the time,^[18] which was facing tight competition from the ITV soaps, with Coronation Street enjoying one of its most successful years ever,^[19] and Emmerdale in the midst of a ratings revival. With Den set to stay, the last of the on-screen Watts was introduced in the shape of his second wife Chrissie, who entered the show in 2004. Although similar to Angie in many ways, Chrissie was intended to be more actively independent and as devious and conniving as her husband.^[20]

Again, the family was to be increasingly dominated by the volatile relationship between husband and wife, culminating in Den's death in February 2005, after Leslie Grantham decided not to extend his current contract. This followed the departure of actress Scarlett Johnston from the programme with Vicki being written out two months earlier during Christmas 2004. However, the importance of the Watts family to the dramatic action of the show took its toll on the actors, especially Tracy Ann Oberman, who played Chrissie, with the actress noting how "in 18 months I knocked up four years of acting experience".^[21] By the end of 2005, it had been announced that all three actors who played the remaining on-screen Watts family members would not be seeking to renew their contracts.^[22]^[23] All three had exited the show by January 2006, with Dennis being sensationally killed off in the episode aired on 30 December 2005 and Sharon departing to America in the new year.

Sharon's return

Despite an official BBC report in 2005 stating that Letitia Dean was taking a scheduled break and would return to EastEnders later in 2006, this did not happen and she was away from the show for more than six years. Sharon finally returned to Walford in August 2012 after her son, Dennis Rickman Jnr (born in July 2006) was kidnapped. After she had rescued him, she moved to Albert Square to help her lifelong friend Ian Beale who was suffering a mental breakdown. Two years into her return, Sharon discovered that Phil, her fiancé, ordered an attack on her bar, the Albert, that saw her hospitalised and suffering from anxiety for many months. Sharon then plotted with one of the Mitchells' old adversaries, Marcus Christie, to bring down Phil and the Mitchell empire.

Family tree

The family dynamic

The Watts are a notably fractured family; it is a condition that has made them strong-willed, independent, yet also volatile and vulnerable (especially to each other). Unlike most of the other main families in EastEnders, the Watts have each lived a large portion of their lives without the comfort of a traditional family, and are deliberately represented as highly individualized characters who are yet in need of, and searching for, that sense of family which seems so elusive to them. For Vicki and Dennis, they are looking for the absent father figure; for Angie and Chrissie it is reflected in their desire to be loved by Den as they love him; Sharon longs for the calm, stable family she never knew as a child. Den wants the perfect family – but only on his terms. He does his best to love his family but at the same time does not fully understand what love is. The story of the Watts is largely that of a man who is easy to love and yet just as easy to hate, and the impact this has on those closest to him.

Den

The Watts centre on the figure of Den, who casts a strong shadow over the family. All members have a direct tie to him as either offspring or spouses, and it is their relationship to him that often colours their relationship to each other and also to themselves. His first wife, Angie, was driven to alcoholism because of his womanising, whilst the relationship between Sharon and Dennis was greatly hindered by the strong personality of their father. Dennis in particular was greatly affected by his love–hate relationship with Den, who was unable to be the father he always wanted.

Much of the drama in the Watts household centres on responses to Den's selfish actions and manipulative ways. Angie constantly tried to play games and tricks in the hopes of securing Den's affections or arousing his jealousy, and later the strife between Sharon and Dennis directly resulted from Den's manipulation and Machiavellian family politics. In 2004, when Sharon and Dennis planned to elope behind their father's back on Christmas Day, Den learned the truth and tried to force Dennis into leaving Sharon and staying with his girlfriend, Zoe Slater. Den manipulated Zoe into pretending she was pregnant by Dennis, declaring: “He’s going nowhere and neither is Sharon. I didn’t come back to Walford to be alone.”^[26] Indeed, no one knew how to play games like Den, as pretenders like Phil Mitchell found out. Because of this, Dennis seemed never quite sure what he was to Den, and even Vicki ultimately found out how little she could mean to him. Only Chrissie could play Den at his own game and keep up with his conniving, something intended by writers to be a deliberate feature of their marriage,^[20] and a quality Den openly found attractive in her: “I know we’ve got a great relationship even when we’re tearing lumps out of each other, you give as good as you get and that’s the sort of marriage I’ve always wanted”.^[27]

The two Mrs Wattses

Although Den's first and second wives only appeared on-screen for a combined total of 5 years (Angie from 1985–88; Chrissie from 2004–2005), they had an immense impact on the show and on the Watts family. Dealing with the antics of Den, his womanising and manipulation, was a perpetual source of drama for the two women and the show's audience.^[28] The relationship between husband and wife also provided an opportunity for writers to directly explore the familial implications of the complex Watts dynamic.^[5] Growing up in her late-teens, Sharon was often seen to bemoan the marital discord between her mother and father, which over the years caused her to flee to the Fowlers which she came to see as a second home. Later, Dennis, Sharon, and Vicki berated Den for his treatment of Chrissie, especially his affair with Kate Mitchell. The revelation was particularly upsetting to Vicki who viewed Chrissie as a mother-figure, but Sharon and Dennis were also dismayed at Den's inability to deal honestly with his wife.^[29]

As adopted mother and stepmother, both Angie and Chrissie were fiercely protective of their charges. Angie often showed concern over the effects her rows with Den had on Sharon, whilst Chrissie actively took on the role of mother to Vicki, helping her apply to art college and watching over her romantic relationships. Yet motherliness was never strongly delineated in the characterisations of either Mrs Watts, unlike figures such as Pauline Fowler, Peggy Mitchell, or Rosa di Marco, who primarily saw themselves as mothers and were cast in that mould. Hence, whilst Angie expressed regret over Sharon's predicament – being caught between warring parents – she was not above using Sharon to score points against her husband. Similarly, although Chrissie had come to love her stepchildren, as she declared during their Christmas meal in 2004, and sympathised with the difficulties they had with their father, she could also use them in her schemes against Den, particularly his princess, Sharon. Speaking of Den's first wife, the show's creators wrote that she saw Sharon "as something of a rival", a sentiment that became even more pronounced for Den's second wife.^[5]

Rather, the two Mrs Watts were highly individual and volatile figures, dominated by their relationship to Den. Angie's need to be loved by Den often led her to extreme action, at one time attempting to commit suicide and later pretending to have cancer. In trying to play games with Den, as he did with her, she failed, ultimately leading her to take solace in drink. Angie did manage to get some revenge on Den during the year of their separation, where Angie's absence from the Vic caused business to struggle for Den with lack of customer support. But years of alcohol abuse got the better of her by the end and she nearly died in 1988 as a result of kidney failure. Despite his ill treatment of Angie, Den did suffer with guilt for what his actions drove his wife to do, as viewers saw when he helped a desperate Lisa Fowler who was close to going down the same path as Angie did. It should also be noted that Den continued to carry a picture of Angie in his wallet along with one of Sharon, despite having his wallet lost before his exit in 1989. Unlike Angie, Chrissie was as intelligent and manipulative as Den,^[20] as he would come to fatally realise when she destroyed him through Sharon – his only weakness. Although Den bore affection for both Angie (as he found out when he began to miss her in 1987, calling her his 'one in a million') and Chrissie (going so far as to wanting to renew their wedding vows) it was only Sharon that he ever loved unconditionally.

Sharon

It is the relationship between Den and his "princess" that is the central dynamic of the Watts family. Even when he was out-of-the-picture, he remained a fixture in Sharon's life. Indeed, Sharon was the only person who truly viewed Den in a softened light, and certainly she did not seem to see him in the way that Angie, Chrissie or Dennis did – something which became a source of contention between Sharon and Dennis, the latter seeing more plainly the darker, manipulative side to Den.

The Watts and the Vic

Inextricably linked to the Watts is the Queen Victoria pub. It is, in many ways, the family's ancestral home and the site of their most memorable events: the place where Den and Angie raised Sharon, and to which Den returned with his second wife Chrissie. For Sharon, it was her home for the first 26 years of her life and where "her roots" lie;^[11] the place most strongly associated with her father and mother; and the place where she and Dennis lived as man and wife.

For many viewers and fans, the Vic is synonymous with the Watts; in particular Den, Angie, Chrissie, and Sharon, and Den and Angie often remain its most favoured landlords. Indeed, such is the strong association between the Vic and Den that it was constantly and prematurely reported in the media of his imminent return to ownership,^[30] and upon his death he vowed: “You’ll never get me out of the Vic!”^[31] With the exception of Vicki and Dennis Jnr, all the Watts have served behind the bar of the Vic, with Den, Angie, Sharon, and Chrissie all at one time or another landlords of the pub.

The link between the Watts and the Vic is reinforced by the fact that only two other families have owned the pub in EastEnders first 25 years, and that the Watts have secured possession on three separate occasions (Sharon in 1991, 2001, and Den and Chrissie in 2004) in addition to their original run in-charge (1985–88).

The Watts versus the Mitchells

One of the most prominent aspects of EastEnders over the years has been the conflict between the show's two greatest families, the Watts and Mitchells, even becoming the subject of a special EastEnders Revealed, entitled "Blood Feud: The Watts vs. The Mitchells".^[1] The familial contention is rooted in Sharon's tempestuous relationship with the Mitchell brothers Grant and Phil, which began after Den's disappearance and the departure of Angie. After the breakdown of her marriage to Grant, Sharon's position became untenable: Grant was capable of violence towards her, and his loud-mouth mother Peggy was constantly hounding her. The last of the Watts left in 1995, and the Mitchells took over the Vic.

The importance of the Vic to the Watts became obvious when Sharon returned to lay claim to the pub after a 6-year absence. Indeed, the Vic was to become a central battlefield in the war between the contending families: the returning Watts seeking to reclaim what now belonged to the Mitchells. Even when Sharon was forced out of the pub, the rivalry with Phil, Peggy, and Sam Mitchell heated up with the appearance of Sharon's half-sister Vicki and Den's long-lost son, Dennis, who particularly clashed against Phil Mitchell after punching him when they first met.

The return of Den (after 14 years) took the conflict between the two families to another level. Den threatened Phil's position as top dog and quickly became Phil's "arch enemy",^[32] whilst Den developed a hatred for Phil upon learning of the rivalry between Dennis and Phil, and of the way the Mitchells had treated his “princess”, Sharon. In 2003, Den successfully framed Phil for armed robbery, enabling Lisa Fowler, the estranged mother of Phil's daughter, Louise, to flee the country with their child. Phil had completely underestimated Den who quickly put the great Mitchell family in their place.

Soon after, Den was joined by his second wife Chrissie, and the pair proceeded to bring down the whole Mitchell financial empire, bankrupting the family in a scam and retaking control of the Vic. In an episode airing soon after Den's death, Sam confronted Chrissie claiming that "the Mitchell name should be above the [Vic] door; you know it and I know it!" to which Chrissie replied: "Not while I've got breath in my body", chucking Sam out of the pub and firing her.^[33]

In August 2012, Sharon sought out Phil's help after her son Dennis (Harry Hickles) had been kidnapped by her fiancé John Hewland (Jesse Birdsall). Phil's family fell apart when it was discovered that his son Ben had killed Heather Trott and in an attempt to rebuild his family and win custody of his granddaughter Lexi Pearce, Sharon has agreed to help Phil by faking an engagement between the two.

In November 2015, Gavin Sullivan (Paul Nicholas) revealed that both he and Den Watts were in a gang with Eric Mitchell during the 1960s when they were growing up together in Walford. It was membership of the gang that led Gavin to give Den to Sharon. However, fans criticised this as an example of retconning{{Citation needed|date=January 2016}} because Den knew nothing about the Mitchells when he returned to Walford in 2003 and Ted Hills (who was also mentioned as another gang member) also did not know the Mitchells and was not friendly with Den at the time.

Other EastEnders families and the Watts

The Watts are closely connected to the Fowlers. The Fowler family was a second home for Sharon growing up, her best friend being Michelle Fowler. Indeed, the connection between the two families resulted in the affair between Den and Michelle, which in turn produced Vicki Fowler. Later, Pauline Fowler and Chrissie bonded (to an extent) over their desire to look out for Vicki, and indeed Chrissie would do Pauline the honour of killing Den with her doorstop.

The Watts family are also very strongly connected to the Beale family. Den grew up with Pete Beale and was his best friend since childhood. Angie was a best friends with both Pat Butcher and Kathy Beale, who were both married to Pete. Sharon was a former girlfriend of Ian Beale and they remain very close friends. Den was also the godfather of Bobby Beale, Ian's youngest son. Bobby also befriended Sharon's son Dennis Rickman Jnr, who was also close to Bobby's father, calling him 'Uncle Ian.' Den and Angie also were very close to Pauline and Arthur, Angie was the godmother of Martin Fowler (though relations between Pauline and Den turned sour after she found out that Den was the father of Vicki Fowler). Sharon is also best friends with Michelle Fowler and was also very close to Mark Fowler.

On 13 August 2012, Sharon returned to Walford with Dennis Jnr and became instantly involved with the prominent Branning family; she shared a flirtatious relationship with Jack and soon befriended his brother Max and ultimately his partner Tanya Cross, whom she initially feuded. Dennis also attended school with and befriended Max and Tanya's son, Oscar Branning.

Reception

Throughout their years on-screen, the Watts have been one of EastEnders most tried and tested sources of drama and tragedy. Indeed, many of the biggest and most significant storylines produced by show have focused around them: Den and Angie's tempestuous relationship; Sharon's affair with Phil Mitchell and later her illicit love for Dennis; and Chrissie's manipulation and scheming are all high-points of the programme's history. Similarly, the Watts have produced many of EastEnders most memorable moments, including Den divorcing Angie, the returns of Sharon and Den, and Chrissie killing Den. Although largely few in number, they are among the most iconic figures of the show,^[34] and are responsible for its biggest ratings.^[35]

When EastEnders began in 1985, the soap focused primarily around the affairs of three families: the Beales, Fowlers, and Watts. However, much of the show's early success stemmed from the drama surrounding the Watts, especially the antics of Den, who as owners of the Queen Vic pub (the show's most prominent set) were usually in the limelight.^[36] This prominence, at a time when EastEnders was at its most prolific in terms of both the media and audience, meant the Watts became perhaps EastEnders most eminent family and the characters known even to those who did not watch the show.^[37] Such was their success that producers went ahead with an experimental episode format centring on just Den and Angie, during which Angie lied about having cancer; so successful was the airing that it has since been repeated, and the format expanded to include "three" and "four-handers" (between 3 and 4 characters). Such episodes are highly prestigious and feature only the most popular and prominent characters in the show; thus, all the Watts, aside from Vicki, have featured in such episodes.

The 1986 Christmas Day episode during which Den delivered Angie divorce papers is the highest rated airing of any British soap in television history. Den and Angie became perennial favourites of audiences, with many fearing EastEnders would not survive their departures. However, the popularity of their daughter, Sharon, helped to ease the transition to the Watts-less era of the show when her involvement in a love-triangle with the Mitchell brothers became must-see TV. As The Guardian media critic mused six years later:

The return of Sharon six years later in 2001 became a seminal moment for the show,^[11] eclipsed only by the intense media scrutiny surrounding Den's return two years later.^[39] Den's return provided EastEnders with a ratings boost, attracting a 'whooping' 62% of the television audience.^[40] Indeed, such was the lure of the Watts, over 17 million people tuned in two years later to see Chrissie finally put an end to Dirty Den's philandering ways.^[41] The storyline of Den's death and the scheming aftermath of Chrissie dominated the show for 2005, being popular among viewers,^[42] and winning best soap storyline and ensured the show won Best Soap at the Inside Soap Awards.^[43]

However, the Watts family have also received criticism from the press and viewers. In particular, although Den's return was meant to crystallise the return of the Watts family,^[14] many felt his re-introduction affected credibility, with Diederick Santer, executive producer of EastEnders after the Watts had left, saying that it "damaged the show".^[44] Grantham's off-air antics also affected the soap's profile, with tabloids like The Daily Mirror predicting the end of the show and blaming Den's return for its demise.^[45] Many in the media were also critical of Mal Young, who was a strong supporter of the Watts family, arguing his overly-melodramatic and popularising tastes alienated viewers and especially the media.^[46] The sensationalist relationship between Sharon and Dennis was seen to epitomise the tone of the show at the time.

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite episode|title=EastEnders Revealed: Blood Feud: The Watts vs. The Mitchells|series=EastEnders Revealed|serieslink=EastEnders Revealed|credits=|network=BBC|station=BBC Three|airdate=2004-02-12|number=56}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=eastenders|title="EastEnders" Entry|publisher=Museum of Broadcast History|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-346942/The-biggest-TV-audience--now.html|title=The biggest TV audience ever|author=Raphael, Amy|publisher=Daily Mail|date=17 June 2006|accessdate=10 December 2009 | location=London}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=http://entertainment.uk.msn.com/tv/features/gallery.aspx?cp-documentid=6086613&imageindex=1|title=Top 10 EastEnders characters|publisher=MSN uk|accessdate=2 July 2009}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
5. ^¹²{{cite book |last=Smith|first= Julia|authorlink= Julia Smith|author2=Holland, Tony |authorlink2=Tony Holland |title= EastEnders – The Inside Story |year=1987|publisher=Book Club Associates|isbn=0-563-20601-2}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://imdb.com/title/tt0088512/awards|title=Awards for "EastEnders"|publisher=Internet Movie Database|accessdate=27 March 2009}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/media/video/40751000/rm/_40751042_chrissie_watts_vi.ram|title=BBC Breakfast interview with Tracy Ann Oberman (video)|publisher=BBC Breakfast}}
8. ^"[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8s3wvSweMWU Tony Jordan interview]", youtube. URL last accessed on 24 February 2007.
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/2005_44_mon_01.shtml|title=Woman’s Hour: Interview with Anita Dobson|date=31 October 2005|publisher=bbc.co.uk|accessdate=10 December 2009}}
10. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/celebs/news/2006/02/16/21-years-of-eastenders-exclusive-secrets-of-walford-115875-16708351/|title=21 years of Eastenders: Secrets of Walford|publisher=Daily Mirror|author=Simon, Jane|date=16 February 2006|accessdate=10 December 2009}}
11. ^¹²{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1348913.stm|title=Letitia Dean back in EastEnders|publisher=BBC News|date=24 May 2001|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
12. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7067504.stm|title=The great British soap comeback|publisher=BBC News|date=29 October 2008|accessdate=2 December 2009|first=Michael|last=Osborn}}
13. ^{{cite news|title=Departed EastEnders star to be killed off|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/news/a4596/departed-eastenders-star-to-be-killed-off.html|publisher=DigitalSpy|first=Neil|last=Wilkes|date=8 January 2002|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
14. ^¹{{cite news|url=http://www.ealinggazette.co.uk/lifestyle-ealing/whats-on-ealing/theatre-ealing/2008/12/09/dirty-den-comes-clean-to-the-ealing-gazette-64767-22437707/|title=Dirty Den comes clearn to Ealing Gazette|author=Harrison, Jane|publisher=Ealing Gazette|date=9 December 2008|accessdate=10 December 2009}}
15. ^{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4161/is_20021201/ai_n12857959/?tag=content;col1|title=Dirty Den love child returning|publisher=Sunday Mirror|date=1 December 2002|accessdate=10 December 2009 | first=Ben | last=Dowell}}
16. ^EastEnders episode airdate 2003-10-03, "Watts family reunited".
17. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3148006.stm|title=Dirty Den makes square return|publisher=BBC News|date=29 September 2003|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
18. ^{{cite news|title=BBC relief as Dirty Den signs new contract|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/nov/03/broadcasting.bbc1|publisher=The Guardian|date=3 November 2003|accessdate=1 December 2009 | location=London | first=Jessica | last=Hodgson}}
19. ^{{cite news|title=Street drama hits new high|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2796201.stm|publisher=BBC|date=25 Tuesday 2003|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
20. ^¹²{{cite web|url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/2004_18_thu_01.shtml|title=Woman’s Hour: Interview with Tracy Ann Oberman|date=6 May 2003|publisher=bbc.co.uk|accessdate=7 December 2009}}
21. ^{{cite news|title=Ex-EastEnders star slams scripts writers|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/news/a35246/ex-eastenders-star-slams-script-writers.html|publisher=DigitalSpy.co.uk|date=25 July 2006|accessdate=1 December 2009}}
22. ^{{cite news|title=EastEnders actress Oberman quits|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4656903.stm|publisher=BBC.co.uk|date=6 July 2005|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=Two EastEnders starrs to quit|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/news/a23437/two-eastenders-stars-to-quit.html|publisher=DigitalSpy|first=Daniel|last=Kilkelly|date=13 August 2005|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
24. ^{{cite news|title=Dirty Tactics; EastEnders defied belief by raising Den Watts from the grave|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4156/is_20031005/ai_n12586279/|publisher=Bnet Australia|date=5 October 2003|accessdate =1 December 2009 | first=Edd | last=McCracken}}
25. ^{{cite news|title=EastEnders wins festive tv fight|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/dec/27/broadcasting.uknews|publisher=The Guardian|date=27 December 2004|accessdate =1 December 2009 | location=London | first=Owen | last=Gibson}}
26. ^EastEnders episode airdate 2004-12-25, “Den cancels Christmas”
27. ^EastEnders episode airdate 2004-07-29, “Chrissie digs deeper”
28. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3132928.stm|title=Dirty Den: Soap's most loveable villain|author=Youngs, Ian|publisher=BBC News|date=29 September 2003|accessdate=10 December 2009}}
29. ^{{cite news|title=Den struggles with family life|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/spoilers/a15105/den-struggles-with-family-life.html|publisher=DigitalSpy|first=Kris|last=Green|date=2 August 2004|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
30. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/soaps/s2/eastenders/spoilers/a12199/dens-buying-the-vic-back-for-the-watts.html|title=Den's buying the Vic back for the Watts|publisher=Digital Spy|date=17 November 2003|accessdate=2 December 2009}}
31. ^http://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/episodes/past/episode20050218.shtml
32. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4258159.stm|title=Actor McFadden back in EastEnders|publisher=BBC News|date=11 February 2005|accessdate=10 December 2009}}
33. ^EastEnders episode airdate 2005-03-01, “Chrissie fobs off Sam”
34. ^http://entertainment.uk.msn.com/tv/features/gallery.aspx?cp-documentid=6086613&imageindex=1
35. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-346942/The-biggest-TV-audience--now.html | location=London | work=Daily Mail | title=The biggest TV audience ever... it is now | date=1 May 2005}}
36. ^http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/E/htmlE/eastenders/eastenders.htm
37. ^http://www.brandrepublic.com/News/194463/www.prweek.co.uk
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39. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-197825/Dirty-Dens-return-boost-audience.html | location=London | work=Daily Mail | title=Dirty Den's return to boost audience}}
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