| 词条 | Nazca |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Nazca |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |motto = | image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = Nasca_-_Plaza_de_Armas_-_panoramio.jpg | photo2a = Kousek_od_Nasca_-_panoramio.jpg | photo2b = Ulička_Calao_v_Nasca_-_panoramio.jpg | photo3a = Nasca main square garden.jpg | photo3b = Cantalloc_"cantayo".jpg | photo4a = Los_Paredones,_Nazca,_Perú,_2015-07-29,_DD_29.JPG | spacing = 1 | position = center | color_border = white | color = white | size = 260 | foot_montage = }} |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = Nazca Main Square Garden, at night |image_flag = Bandera_Nazca.png |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Peru |pushpin_label_position = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{PER}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Ica |subdivision_type2 = Province |subdivision_name2 = Nazca |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Julio Oscar Elías Lucana |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Founded |established_date = 17 November 1591 |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |pop_est_as_of =2015 |pop_est_footnotes =[1] |population_est =39054 |population_as_of = |population_footnotes = |population_note = |settlement_type = |population_total = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_mi2 = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|14|49|44|S|74|56|37|W|region:PE|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 520|elevation_ft =|postal_code_type = |postal_code =|area_code =|website =|footnotes =}}Nazca ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|ɑː|s|k|ɑː|,_|-|k|ə}}; sometimes spelled Nasca) is a city and system of valleys on the southern coast of Peru. It is also the name of the largest existing town in the Nazca Province. The name is derived from the Nazca culture that flourished in the area between 100 BC and 800 AD. This culture was responsible for the Nazca Lines and the ceremonial city of Cahuachi; they also constructed an impressive system of underground aqueducts, named Puquios, that still function today.Nazca is the capital of the Nazca Province located in the Ica District of the Ica region of Peru.== Earthquake =={{Main|1996 Nazca earthquake}}On November 12, 1996, at 11:59 a.m. local time (16:59 GMT) there was an earthquake of magnitude 7.5 with its epicenter at 7.7 km into the sea. The earthquake almost completely destroyed the city of Nasca and its surroundings. Due to its occurrence during the day, there were only 14 fatalities. However, 1,500 people were injured and around 100,000 were left homeless. Within 12 years Nasca {{verify spelling|Nazca?|date=August 2018}} has been almost completely rebuilt.Since 1997, Nazca has been the location of a major Canadian gold mining operation. The indigenous people at the time did not own the rights to their land. As a result, they were forcibly displaced. Since then, there have been several attempts to legalize ancient ownership of land and fixed property.==Climate==Nazca is one of the most arid regions in the world with an average annual precipitation of 4 millimeters. Nazca's weather is controlled by Humboldt's Current, which carries water from Antarctica up the west coast of South America.This cold ocean water cools the air and limits the accumulation of moisture within clouds; as a result, though clouds and fog are able to form, there is little rain.Nazca's temperatures range from 10 to 32 °C with an average daily high of 21 °C. Summer months from November to March are dry, sunny, and hot. During the winter from June to August, fog from the coast rolls over the hills to keep temperatures in the moderate range; however, the intense sun makes daylight hours seem hotter than they actually are.{{cite book |title=Discovering Nazca Peru |author=Ted E Barker |date=October 2011 |ISBN=978-1480220379 }} 3. ^{{cite web| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170913012822/http://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=pronostico-detalle-turistico&localidad=0008| archivedate = 13 September 2017| url = http://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=pronostico-detalle-turistico&localidad=0008| title = Promedio de temperatura normal para NAZCA| publisher = Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú| language = Spanish| accessdate = 12 September 2017}} 4. ^Cushner, Nicholas P. 1980. Lords of the Land: Sugar, Wine, and Jesuit Estates of Coastal Peru, 1600-1767. Albany: State University of New York Press. 5. ^Macera, Pablo. 1966. Instrucciones para el manejo de las haciendas jesuítas del Perú, ss. XVII-XVIII. Lima: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos: Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia. 6. ^Negro, Sandra. 2005. Arquitectura, poder y esclavitud en las haciendas jesuitas de la Nasca en el Perú. In Esclavitud, economía y evangelización: Las haciendas jesuitas en la América Virreinal. S. Negro and M.M. Marzal, eds. Pp. 449-492. Lima: Fondo Editorial de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. 7. ^Cushner, Nicholas P. 1980. Lords of the Land: Sugar, Wine, and Jesuit Estates of Coastal Peru, 1600-1767. Albany: State University of New York Press. 8. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=mYPuAAAAMAAJ Gardner's Art Through the Ages: Ancient, medieval, and non-European art]. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich; 1 January 1991. {{ISBN|978-0-15-503770-0}}. 9. ^Hinman, Bonnie. [https://books.google.com/books?id=hQQgCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6 Mystery of the Nazca Lines]. ABDO; 1 January 2016. {{ISBN|978-1-68077-242-5}}. p. 6–. 10. ^Anthony F. Aveni. [https://books.google.com/books?id=J5mEfUJgno0C&pg=PA88 Between the Lines: The Mystery of the Giant Ground Drawings of Ancient Nasca, Peru]. University of Texas Press; 2000. {{ISBN|978-0-292-70496-1}}. p. 88–. External links
2 : Archaeological sites in Peru|Populated places in the Ica Region |
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