| 词条 | Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission |
| 释义 |
|name = Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission |former name = |image = Western_and_Central_Pacific_Fisheries_Commission.gif |image_size = |alt = |caption = Logo of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission |map = |map_size = |map_caption = |abbreviation = WCPFC |motto = |formation = {{Start date and age|2004|06|19|df=yes|p=y}} |type = International organization |status = |purpose = Fisheries |headquarters = Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia |membership = 26 state members |coords = {{coord|6.9666024|N|158.2128149|E|display=inline,title}} |area_served = Western Pacific Ocean |founder = |leader_title = Executive Director |leader_name = Feleti Teo |website = {{URL|https://www.wcpfc.int/}} }} The Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) is a treaty-based organisation established to conserve and manage tuna and other highly migratory fish stocks across the western and central areas of the Pacific Ocean. Its full name is Commission for the Conservation and Management of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. It commenced operations in late 2005, and its secretariat is based in Pohnpei, in the northern Pacific state of the Federated States of Micronesia. It was established by the international treaty Convention on the Conservation and Management of Highly Migratory Fish Stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPF Convention), which entered into force on {{dts|19 June 2004}}.[1] The WCPF Convention is the second regional fisheries management agreement negotiated since the conclusion of the 1995 U.N. Fish Stocks Agreement. OperationThe WCPF Convention was based on the 1995 UN Fish Stocks Agreement, and addressed the specific characteristics of the western and central Pacific Ocean. It established a framework for the participation of fishing entities legally binding them to its provisions. Territories and possessions can participate in the work of the Commission, which is also cooperate swith fisheries in other regions whose competence overlaps with WCPFC.[2] Cooperation with the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission is of particular importance because of the overlap in respective Convention Areas and the wide range of some of the stocks (such as Bigeye tuna, and the two Albacore Tuna stocks) jointly managed by WCPFC and IATTC. The High Seas of the WCPFC Convention Area also overlaps with the South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organisation and the new [https://www.npfc.int North Pacific Fisheries Commission] Convention Area. However the fish stocks managed by these RFMOs are different from those managed by WCPFC, and interactions are likely to be restricted to those involving bycatch and multipurpose vessels. The WCPFC Secretariat maintains Register of Fishing Vessels authorized by their flag States to fish for tuna and other relevant highly migratory fish stocks in the WCPFC Convention Area, manages a Vessel Monitoring System, maintains standards for the national and subregional observer programs that make up the Regional Observer Program, and convenes meetings of the Commission. Primary scientific services are provided under contract by the Oceanic Fisheries Programme of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community, and one of the WCPFC subsidiary bodies - the Northern Committee - also obtains scientific advice from The International Scientific Committee for Tuna and Tuna-Like Species in the North Pacific Ocean (ISC).[3] GovernanceThe current Chair of the Commission is Rhea Moss-Christian[4] was elected to the position in December 2014.[5] She succeeds Charles Karnella of the USA. Satya Nandan from Fiji, who was also the first Secretary-General of the International Seabed Authority, was the previous Chair, and the first Chair of the WCPFC was Glenn Hurry, a former CEO of the Australian Fisheries Management Authority. The secretariat for the commission is located in Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia in a building funded by the Chinese government. The Commission held its twelfth regular session in December 2015, in Bali, Indonesia. In December 2014 at the 11th regular session of the WCPFC in Apia, Samoa, Feleti Teo was appointed the Executive Director of the Commission. Teo previously served as Attorney General of Tuvalu, Director General of the Forum Fishery Agency, Deputy Secretary General of the Pacific Islands Forum and in 2008 he had been the acting Secretary General of the Pacific Islands Forum.[6] Decisions of the Commission are normally made by consensus, but the WCPFC Convention also provides for a two-chambered voting mechanism, with member countries of the Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA) forming one chamber. The Commission has three formal subsidiary bodies: the Scientific Committee (SC), which usually meets in early August; the Northern Committee (NC), which usually meets in early September; and t he Technical and Compliance Committee (TCC), which usually meets in late September. MembershipMembership of the Commission is open to the States that participated in negotiating the 2004 Convention. The contracting parties to the Convention, by consensus, may invite States or regional economic integration organizations that wish to fish for highly migratory fish stocks in the western and central Pacific to accede to the Convention. This approach restricts access, emphasizing that the initiative to accede lies with existing parties, not with new applicants.[7]
Performance of the CommissionThe status of stocks under the oversight of the Commission is informally summarized in the ISSF Status of Stocks Report.[8] ControversyIn June 2015 the fisheries ministers of the countries that are parties to the Nauru Agreement met in Palikir, Pohnpei, under the chairmanship of Elisala Pita of Tuvalu, who stated that in 2015 Tuvalu has refused to sell fishing days to certain nations and fleets that have blocked Tuvaluan initiatives to develop and sustain their own fishery.[9][10] Elisala Pita also said that Tuvalu was disappointed with the outcomes of recent meetings of the WCPFC as some fishing nations had tried to avoid their responsibilities and commitment to sustainable fishing.[10] See also
References1. ^"Convention on the Conservation of Highly Migratory Fish Stock in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (Honolulu. 5 September 2000) ATS 15 of 2004“. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved on 18 April 2017. 2. ^[https://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/reviewconf/wcpfc_reviewconference.pdf Contribution from the Secretariat of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission.] Review Conference on the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks (New York, 22 to 26 May 2006). On the website of the United Nations Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea. 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://isc.fra.go.jp/|title=ISC Website|accessdate=17 January 2016}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.pacificnote.com/single-post/2017/02/08/Rhea-Moss-Christian-Taking-The-Fish-by-The-Tail|title=Pacific Note Homepage|website=Pacific Note Homepage|access-date=2017-03-14}} 5. ^http://www.radioaustralia.net.au/international/radio/program/pacific-beat/marshall-islands-unhappy-with-fisheries-commission-talks/1396731 6. ^{{cite web| first= Samisoni|last= Pareti |url= http://www.islandsbusiness.com/news/11th-session-of-the-wcpfc-apia/6415/tuvalu-son-secures-top-wcpfc-job/ |title= Tuvalu ‘son’ secures top WCPFC job | date =3 December 2014|publisher=Island Business |accessdate= 7 February 2015}} 7. ^Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://iss-foundation.org/about-tuna/status-of-the-stocks/|accessdate=17 January 2016|title=ISSF Status of Stocks Report}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=309639 |title=Tuvalu refuses to sell fishing days |date=13 June 2015 |work=The Fijian Times Online (PNA/PACNEWS) |accessdate=13 June 2015}} 10. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.thenational.com.pg/?q=node/89428|title=Tuvalu to stop selling fishing days to nations |date=12 June 2015 |work=The National|accessdate=16 June 2015}} External links
6 : Fisheries agencies|Fisheries conservation organizations|Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty|Pacific Ocean|Organizations based in the Federated States of Micronesia|Organizations established in 2005 |
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