词条 | N. Chandrababu Naidu |
释义 |
| name = Nara Chandrababu Naidu | honorific_prefix = | honorific_suffix = | image = Chandrababu Naidu 2017.jpg | caption = | governor2 = Krishan Kant G. Ramanujam C. Rangarajan Surjit Singh Barnala | office2 = | order2 = | predecessor2 = N. T. Rama Rao | successor2 = Y.S.Rajasekhara Reddy | party = Telugu Desam Party after 1983 Indian National Congress before 1983 | governor1 = E. S. L. Narasimhan | office1 = 13th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh | order1 = | predecessor1 = Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy (before President's rule) | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1950|4|20}}{{citation needed|date=February 2019}} | birth_place = Naravaripalle, Chittoor district, Madras State, India (now in Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India) | death_date = | death_place = | spouse = Nara Bhuvaneswari | children = Nara Lokesh (son) | residence = Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, India | alma_mater = Sri Venkateswara University[1] | website = Government Site Official Site | term_start1 = 8 June 2014 | term_end1 = | term_start2 = 1 September 1995 | term_end2 = 13 May 2004 | office3 = Member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly for Kuppam | term_start3 = 1989 | predecessor3 = N. Rangaswamy Naidu | order3 = | relatives = N.T. Rama Rao (father-in-law) Nandamuri Balakrishna (brother-in-law) Nandamuri Harikrishna (brother-in-law) Daggubati Purandeswari (sister-in-law) Jr. NTR (nephew) Nandamuri Kalyan Ram (nephew) Taraka Ratna (nephew) Nara Rohith (nephew) }}Nara Chandrababu Naidu (born 20 April 1950[2][3][4][5]) is an Indian politician who has been Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh since 2014. He is the first chief minister of the state since it was divided. Previously he served as Chief Minister of United Andhra Pradesh from 1994 to 2004, before the state was divided, and as the Leader of the opposition in the United Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2004 to 2014. He is currently the National President of Telugu Desam Party.[6][7][8][9] Naidu has won a number of awards, including IT Indian of the Millennium from India Today, Business Person of the Year by The Economic Times, South Asian of the Year from Time Asia and membership in the World Economic Forum's Dream Cabinet.[10][11][12][13] Naidu chaired the National IT Panel under the NDA government and was described as one of the "hidden seven", working wonders around the world, by Profit (Oracle Corporation's monthly magazine).[14][15] Early life and educationNaidu was born in 20 April 1950 at Naravaripalle, Chittor district, Andhra Pradesh in an agricultural family.[16][17] His father, N. Kharjura Naidu, worked in agriculture and his mother Amanamma was a housewife.[18] Since his village had no school, Naidu attended primary school in Seshapuram until class five and the Chandragiri Government High School until class nine by walking 11 km every day.[19] He went to Tirupati for his higher education, studying there from class 10 until he received his master's degree. Naidu completed his BA degree in 1972.[20][21][22][5] Early political careerNaidu was drawn to politics at an early age, and joined Youth Congress as a student leader in Chandragiri, near Tirupati in Chittoor district. After emergency was imposed on the country in 1975, He became close supporter of Youth Congress president, Sanjay Gandhi and Narala Saikiran.{{citation needed|date=March 2019}} {{anchor|Legislative career 1978–1983}}Legislative career, 1978–1983Naidu became a Congress (I) member of the Andhra Pradesh legislative assembly (MLA) for Chandragiri constituency in 1978. The party's 20% quota for youth to run for the office was beneficial for Naidu on that occasion. Not long afterwards, he was appointed as technical education and cinematography minister in T .Anjaiah's government at the age of 28.[23] He was the youngest minister in the Congress(I) cabinet.[24] As the cinematography minister, Naidu came in contact with N. T. Rama Rao, popularly known as NTR, a popular film star in Telugu cinema. In 1980, he married Bhuvaneswari, NTR's second daughter.[25] Telugu Desam Party{{See also|Telugu Desam Party}}In 1982, NTR formed the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) and swept the assembly polls held in 1983. Naidu, who was then still in the INC, was defeated by a TDP candidate in Chandragiri. He joined the TDP soon after.[25] Rise in the partyNaidu got the chance to show his political skills in August 1984, when Nadendla Bhaskara Rao staged a coup against NTR. He rallied the TDP MLAs together, and paraded them before the President of India. NTR was reinstated as the chief minister of Andhra Pradesh 31 days later. Impressed with his son-in-law's manoeuvres, NTR appointed Naidu as the General Secretary of the party and he began playing an important role in the TDP after Rao's coup attempt. Later when NTR married Lakshmi Parvathi, Naidu took over the TDP legislative party predicting the problems in the party and became Chief Minister Of United Andhra Pradesh {{anchor|Legislative career 1989–1994}}Legislative career, 1989–1994In the 1989 assembly election, Chandrababu Naidu contested from Kuppam and won by 5,000 votes.[26] INC however had regained power in the election so Naidu had to sit in the Opposition.[27] He served as coordinator of the Telugu Desam Party, in which capacity he effectively handled the party's role of main opposition in the assembly which won him wide appreciation from both the party and the public. His role during this phase both inside the Legislative Assembly and outside was a critical factor for the subsequent success of the party at the hustings.[26] {{anchor|Becoming Chief Minister}}Becoming Chief MinisterOn 1 September 1995 Chandrababu Naidu came to power as Chief Minister by revolting against N.T Rama Rao.[28] In a last interview, with Reuters, Mr. Rama Rao compared himself to Shah Jehan, a 17th-century Mogul emperor who was imprisoned by his son, and predicted that he would gain his revenge against what he called "the backstabbers" in his family, especially his son-in-law and successor as Chief Minister, N. Chandrababu Naidu.[29] {{anchor|As a Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh}}As Chief Minister (1995–2004)As chief minister, Naidu advocated short-term sacrifice to turn Andhra Pradesh into an Asian tiger over the next 20 years.[30] He slashed food subsidies (among other things), and raised power tariffs.[31] Both Bill Clinton (President of the United States at the time) and Tony Blair (Prime Minister of the United Kingdom at the time) visited Hyderabad and met with Naidu whilst he was chief minister. He was the longest-serving chief minister of the United Andhra Pradesh and First chief minister of residual Andhra Pradesh[11] Aparisim Ghosh of the American news magazine, Time commented, "In just five years, he has turned an impoverished, rural backwater place into India's new information-technology hub",[10] and the magazine named him South Asian of the Year.[32]Vision 2020{{Cleanup|reason=section has opinion and speculation, time needs to be neutral and encyclopedic.|date=January 2019}}Naidu produced a vision statement, "Vision 2020", with US consultants McKinsey & Company[11] which proposed:
In implementing Vision 2020, Naidu privatised the health care and education of the state and indirectly may have helped to drive out some small farmers from the farmlands so that big corporations can do large scale farming similar to some western countries. He said agriculture is not sustainable / profitable in current conditions and farmers have to find other options for living. This caused some initial controversy among farmers, but may reap benefits in the future as agricultural efficiency in Andhra Pradesh rises to the level of the rest of the world. There is currently a huge amount of labor waste in Andhra Pradesh and India in general, so switching Andhra Pradesh off of agriculture (increased efficiencies from increased capital must occur first, of course) and into manufacturing/services will be a greatly beneficial long-term policy change for Andhra Pradesh.[33] {{anchor|1999 election victory}}1999 election victoryThe Telugu Desam Party, led by Naidu, won a majority in the state legislature: 185 of 294 seats in the Assembly and 29 of 42 in the 1999 general election, making it the second-largest party in the BJP-led NDA coalition government.[34] {{anchor|Hyderabad's development}}Hyderabad developmentNaidu discussed his plan to develop the state of Andhra Pradesh by making the major cities showpieces for foreign investment especially in "key sectors such as information technology, biotechnology, healthcare and various outsourcing services".[35] He coined the slogan "Bye-bye Bangalore, hello Hyderabad" to further this aim.[10] Microsoft Corporation has established a software-development center in Hyderabad, the second such center outside Seattle. Naidu encouraged other global IT companies (IBM, Dell, Deloitte, Computer Associates and Oracle) to move to Hyderabad, making presentations to global CEOs convincing them to invest in Hyderabad.[12][36] In his tenure by end of the financial year 2003–04 software exports from Hyderabad reached $1 billion.[37] and it becomes a fourth largest exporting city in the country. By 2013–14 exports had grown by more than 10 times,[38] employing about 320,000 people directly working in this IT & ITES fields in Hyderabad alone. 2003 assassination attemptOn 1 October 2003 Naidu survived a land-mine blast, escaping with a fractured left collarbone and hairline fractures of two right ribs. The blast occurred about 16:00 IST when Naidu was traveling in a convoy to the Lord Venkateswara temple in the Tirumala hills for the annual Brahmotsavam festival.[39] State Information Minister B. Gopalakrishna Reddy, Telugu Desam legislator and Ch. Krishnamurthy and driver Srinivasa Raju were also injured. Telugu Desam legislator Bojjala Gopala Krishan Reddy was seriously injured. {{anchor|2004 elections failure}}2004 election defeatThe Telugu Desam Party (led by Naidu) failed to retain power after two successive wins, losing power to the Indian National Congress led by Dr.Y.S Rajashekara Reddy after winning only 47 of 294 seats in the state assembly and five of 42 in the Lok Sabha. While many of his ministers lost, Naidu won decisively in Kuppam.[40] {{anchor|2009 elections failure}}2009 election defeatThe Telugu Desam Party (led by Naidu) formed maha kootami with support of KCR who pitched for a separate state of Telangana but he could not get into power, again losing to the Indian National Congress led by Dr. Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy.His party won only 92 of 294 seats in the state assembly and 6 of 42 in the Lok Sabha. {{anchor|2014 elections Victory}}2014 Elections VictoryThe Telugu Desam Party (led by Naidu) alliance with Bharatiya Janata Party and Jana Sena Party founded by Telugu film actor Pawan Kalyan returned to power, in the state of Andhra Pradesh winning 102 seats out of 175 seats.[41] Naidu led TDP to an outright majority in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Chandrababu Naidu took oath as the first Chief Minister of the residuary state of Andhra Pradesh at Mangalgiri in the grounds of Acharya Nagarjuna University near Guntur.[42] Heritage FoodsThe Heritage Group was founded in 1992 by Chandra Babu Naidu. In the year 1994, HFL went to Public Issue to raise resources, which was oversubscribed 54 times and its shares are listed under B1 Category on BSE (Stock Code: 519552) and NSE (Stock Code: HERITGFOOD). Currently the organization is being led by Nara Brahmini, his daughter-in-law. Heritage has hundreds of outlets all across Andhra Pradesh and comprises a solid portion of Chandrababu Naidu's current assets. Sunrise StateAfter the division of Telangana from Andhra Pradesh, The state was forced to have a new capital and distribute it development unlike Hyderabad [43][44] With Amaravathi decided as a new capital, Visakhapatnam is declared as a IT Hub[45] with having its ITSEZ – Special Economic Zone. As part of the developments he has started a program called AP Cloud Initiative and also launched Digital Summit[46][47] Foundation of AmaravatiThe foundation for the city was laid at Uddandarayunipalem on 22 October 2015. The Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi, the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh N. Chandrababu Naidu, the Chief Minister of Telangana Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao, the Japanese minister for economy, trade and industry Yosuke Takagi and the Singaporean Minister for Trade and Industry S. Iswaran laid the foundation for the city. Literary Works– India's Global Leader by Tejaswini Pagadala – Manasulo Mata, An Autobiography of Chandrababu Naidu Achievements
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Chandrababu Naidu Profile|publisher=Times of India}} 25. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/elections/article/election-2014/chandrababu-naidu-back-in-the-reckoning-with-some-help-from-narendra-modi-509962|title=Chandrababu Naidu: back in the reckoning, with some help from Narendra Modi|publisher=NDTV|accessdate=17 April 2014}} 26. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/news-feed/archives/chandrababu-naidu/article1-12769.aspx|title=Chandrababu Naidu|publisher=Hindustan Times|accessdate=3 April 2004}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/chandrababu-naidu-a-desperate-fight-for-survival-in-a-divided-state/463237-62-127.html|title=Chandrababu Naidu: A desperate fight for survival in a divided state|publisher=CNN-IBN|accessdate=7 April 2014}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19950930-victorious-chandrababu-naidu-will-have-to-reckon-with-father-in-law-ntrs-mass-appeal-808231-1995-09-30|title=Victorious Chandrababu Naidu will have to reckon with father-in-law NTR's mass appeal|first1=Amarnath K. Menon|last1=September 30|first2=1995 ISSUE DATE:|last2=September 30|first3=1995UPDATED:|last3=June 26|first4=2013 16:59|last4=Ist|website=India Today}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/19/world/n-t-rama-rao-72-is-dead-star-status-infused-his-politics.html|title=N. T. Rama Rao, 72, Is Dead; Star Status Infused His Politics|first=John F.|last=Burns|date=19 January 1996|publisher=|via=NYTimes.com}} 30. ^Manor, James. (7 January 1998) [https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/07/opinion/07iht-edmanor.t.html A Coming Asian Tiger in India?]. NYTimes.com. Retrieved on 16 January 2012. 31. ^South Asia | Surprise performance in Andhra Pradesh. BBC News (7 October 1999). Retrieved on 16 January 2012. 32. ^Andhra's Vote Is a Test for Reform. TIME (13 September 1999). 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Retrieved on 24 August 2010. 40. ^{{cite news|url=http://in.rediff.com/election/2004/may/11ap7.htm|title=Naidu wins by a Huge Margin|date=20 May 2004|publisher=Rediff|accessdate=20 May 2004}} 41. ^{{cite news |url=http://deccan-journal.com/content/election-results-2014-chandrababu-naidu%E2%80%99s-tdp-sweeps-andhra-102-seats-out-175 |title = Election results 2014: Chandrababu Naidu’s TDP sweeps Andhra with 102 seats out of 175|work=deccan-journal.com}} 42. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20140714011154/http://deccan-journal.com/content/cbn-take-oath-june-8th CBN to take oath on June 8th]. Deccan Journal 43. ^[https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/how-andhra-pradesh-plans-to-make-its-new-capital-amaravati-a-world-class-city/articleshow/58767503.cms Amaravati: How Andhra Pradesh plans to make its new capital Amaravati a world-class city]. The Economic Times (21 May 2017). Retrieved on 2018-09-19. 44. ^Big plans for new capital. The Hindu (2 June 2015). Retrieved on 2018-09-19. 45. ^[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/visakhapatnam/Vizag-set-to-become-IT-hub-of-new-state/articleshow/36405634.cms 'Vizag set to become IT hub of new state']. Times of India (12 June 2014). Retrieved on 2018-09-19. 46. ^AP Cloud initiative launched. The Hindu BusinessLine (5 August 2016). Retrieved on 19 September 2018. 47. ^Naidu to launch Cloud Initiative on Aug. 5 – ANDHRA PRADESH. The Hindu (31 July 2016). Retrieved on 2018-09-19. 48. ^Chandrababu's chance to equal ND Tiwari's record {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203012034/http://timesofap.com/politics/chandrababu-s-chance-to-equal-nd-tiwari-s-record.html |date=3 December 2013 }}. timesofap.com. 31 July 2013 49. ^{{cite news|title=Naidu voted IT Indian of the millennium|url=http://expressindia.indianexpress.com/fe/daily/20000110/fco10083.html|accessdate=18 May 2013|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=10 January 2000}} 50. ^ASIANOW – TIME Asia | South Asian of the Year: Chandrababu Naidu | 12/30/99. Edition.cnn.com. Retrieved on 19 September 2018. 51. ^{{cite news |title=Chandrababu Naidu receives "Best CM" Award |url= http://www.siasat.com/news/chandrababu-naidu-receives-best-cm-award-909767/ |accessdate=30 January 2016 |newspaper=The Siasat Daily |date=31 January 2016}} 52. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2018-10-08/Chandrababu-Naidu-chosen-for-Global-Agriculture-Leadership-award/421250|title=Chandrababu Naidu chosen for Global Agriculture Leadership award|website=The Hans India|language=en|access-date=2018-10-09}} External links{{Commons category|N. Chandrababu Naidu}}
11 : Living people|Chief Ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Telugu politicians|People from Chittoor|Telugu Desam Party|Telugu Desam Party politicians|People from Rayalaseema|Sri Venkateswara University alumni|Chief ministers from Telugu Desam Party|Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2014–19|1950 births |
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