| 词条 | Western Peripheral Expressway | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| country = IND | type = E | route = | image = | name = Western Peripheral Expressway | alternate_name = Kundli–Manesar–Palwal Expressway | map = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=290|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=line|stroke-width=3|id= Q6444347|title=Delhi Western Peripheral Expressway}} | map_custom = yes | map_notes = Western Peripheral Expressway in red | length_km = 135.6 | length_round = 1 | direction_a = North | terminus_a = Kundli | direction_b = South | terminus_b = Palwal | junction = | formed = | maint = National Highways Authority of India | history = | states = Haryana | cities = Sonipat, Kharkhoda, Bahadurgarh, Badli, Jhajjar, Manesar, Nuh, Sohna, Hathin, Palwal[1] }} The Western Peripheral Expressway or Kundli-Manesar–Palwal (KMP) Expressway, is an operational 6-lane (3 lanes in each direction),[2] {{convert|135.6|km|abbr=on}}-long Expressway[3] in the Haryana state of India.[4][5] Along with the Eastern Peripheral Expressway, the Western Peripheral Expressway is expected to divert more than 50,000 heavy vehicles away from Delhi,[6][7] which will help to maintain good air quality in Delhi.[8] Western Peripheral Expressway along with Eastern Peripheral Expressway completes the largest Ring Road around Delhi.[9][10] Each of the 10 entries and exits are tolled.[11] Toll rate notified in december 2018 is INR1.35 per km for cars, INR2.18 per km for light motor vehicles, INR4.98 per km for trucks and buses, and two wheelers are not permitted on the expressway.[11] Two kilometer belt on either side of this expressway has been notified as controlled zone where five new contiguous greenfield cities will be developed as part of Delhi-Sonipat-Rohtak-Gurugram-Faridabad agglomeration. Delhi Metro Phase-V entails a proposed new metro route along this expressway. HistoryThe 53-km Manesar to Palwal section was inaugurated by Nitin Gadkari in April 2016.[12][13] The remaining 83-km-long Kundli to Manesar section of KMP expressway was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 19 November 2018.[14] Toll plazas became operational on KMP Expressway in December 2018.[15] In 2003, the Western Peripheral Expressway was first proposed along with the Eastern Peripheral Expressway as a Build Operate Transfer (BOT) project to construct a 135.6 km, access controlled four lane expressway from NH 1 near Kundli Sonipat to NH 2 Palwal near Faridabad.[16] Since Delhi would benefit from rerouting the vehicular away from it, Delhi state agreed to bear half of the land acquisition cost of the expressway.[17] In 2006, the Haryana government began work on Western Peripheral Expressway project,[18] when the tender was awarded to KMP Expressways ltd. with commercial operations supposed to begin in June 2009, which was revised to May 2013.[19] In 2016, repeated delays forced the Government of Haryana to terminate the contract and pay KMP Expressways and lenders {{INRConvert|1300|c|lk=on|year=2015}} as termination payment.[20][21] In January 2016, after intervention of the Supreme Court of India, the project was revived and new bids were invited,[22] and the plan was upgrade from four lanes to six lanes.[23] The whole completed expressway became operational in November 2018. Route and InterchangesThere are 10 tolled entry and exit points. There are 52 underpasses and 23 overpasses,[25][26][24] including the following:[25]
Interchanges from north to south are:[26]
FacilitiesThe expressway has fuel refilling stations, 2 truck stops, 4 bus stands, 1 medical trauma centre with helipad, traffic police stations and 5 passenger multimodel transit stations (MMTS) with refreshment and recreational facilities. Theme CitiesThe Government of Haryana envisages development of profile land uses as Knowledge City, Medi City, Fashion City, Leisure and Entertainment Cities, Cyber City and Dry-Port facility along with other similar developments, resulting in establishment of five new cities 2 km wide on either side along this express way in public-private partnership (PPP) mode. Haryana govt has notified this plan and implementation started by inviting bids for preparing the Master Plan for the first city as 50,000 hectare 'Manesar Global City.[27] Multimodal Transit CentresHaryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation is building 5 Multimodal Transit Centres (MMTC) along this expressway at Sonipat, Bahadurgarh, Gurugram and Faridabad in the following places for which the land has been already acquired (c. Dec 2018):[28]From north to south:
See also
References1. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/work-on-kmp-expressway-to-start-soon/article7082853.ece|title=Work on KMP Expressway to start soon|work=The Hindu|date=9 April 2015|access-date=9 January 2016|first=Ashok|last=Kumar}} 2. ^[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/ring-around-delhi-final-piece-to-fall-in-place-as-western-e-way-opens-today/articleshow/66686208.cms WPE opens in November 2018], Times of India, November 2018. 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/delhi-to-get-new-stretch-of-western-peripheral-expressway-vehicular-pollution-to-go-down-1388744-2018-11-14|title=Delhi to get new stretch of Western Peripheral Expressway, vehicular pollution to go down}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/3-projects-in-haryana-to-be-completed-soon/article24008708.ece|title=3 projects in Haryana to be completed soon}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/hardlook-narendra-modi-eastern-peripheral-expressway-5193752/|title=First ‘Smart’ highway holds out hope for a congested, choking capital|work=The Indian Express|date=28 May 2018|first=Sourav Roy|last=Barman|access-date=5 June 2018}} 6. ^{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/83km-kmp-stretch-may-not-be-opened-on-haryana-diwas/articleshow/66422115.cms|title=83km Kundli-Manesar-Palwal stretch may not be opened on Haryana Diwas|access-date=5 June 2018}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/western-peripheral-expressway-50000-vehicles-may-go-off-delhi-roads/articleshow/66700406.cms|title=Western Peripheral Expressway: 50,000 vehicles may go off Delhi roads|work=The Times f India|date=19 November 2018|access-date=20 November 2018|first=Sidhartha|last=Roy}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/residents-of-delhi-to-wait-for-another-3-months-to-get-breather-from-heavy-vehicles-subsequent-air-pollution-1286033-2018-07-15|title=Residents of Delhi to wait for another 3 months to get breather from heavy vehicles, subsequent air pollution}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-modi-to-inaugurate-western-peripheral-expressway-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/66676579.cms|title=PM Modi to inaugurate Western Peripheral Expressway: All you need to know}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/ring-around-delhi-final-piece-to-fall-in-place-as-western-e-way-opens-today/articleshow/66686208.cms|title=Ring around Delhi: Final piece to fall in place as Western Peripheral Expressway opens today}} 11. ^1 Toll booths to open at all KMP entries, exits, December 2018. 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/after-9-yr-delay-kmp-eway-to-be-completed-by-august/625454.html|title=After 9-yr delay, KMP eway to be completed by August}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/kundli-manesar-stretch-of-western-peripheral-e-way-ready-before-time/story-QU0nOAmMVcnnGTvxI3IuAJ.html|title=Kundli-manesar stretch of western peripheral e-way ready before time}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/gurgaon-sultanpur-kundli-manesar-expressway-inauguration-5452647/|title=Gurgaon: Kundli-Manesar expressway inauguration today|access-date=5 Nov 2018}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/gurugram/7-toll-plazas-begin-operations-on-kmp-e-way-200-marshals-deployed-to-manage-traffic/story-dmybuT3r4pT8DKYuzade3N.html|title=7 toll plazas begin operations on KMP e-way, 200 marshals deployed to manage traffic}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/kmp-expressways-achieves-financial-closurebot-project_260449-0.html|title=KMP Expressways achieves financial closure of BOT project|work=Money Control|date=9 January 2007|access-date=9 January 2016|dead-url=yes|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200525/http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/kmp-expressways-achieves-financial-closurebot-project_260449-0.html}} 17. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/Rough-road-ahead-for-incomplete-Haryana-Delhi-Expressway/2013/07/14/article1682307.ece|title=Rough road ahead|work=The New Indian Express|date=14 July 2013|access-date=9 January 2016|first=Tarun|last=Nangia}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/western-peripheral-expressway-likely-to-open-next-month-5237930/|title=Western Peripheral Expressway likely to open next month}} 19. ^{{cite news|url=http://archive.financialexpress.com/news/lenders-to-ask-developer-to-give-up-highway-project/1102416|title=Lenders ask developer to give up|publisher=Financial Express|date=5 April 2013|first=Vishwanath|last=Nair|access-date=9 January 2016}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/haryana/bjp-govt-in-dilemma-over-kmp-e-way-project/article1-1291965.aspx|title=BJP govt in dilemma over KMP E-way project |work=Hindustan Times|date=1 December 2014|first=Hitender|last=Rao|access-date=9 January 2016}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Haryana-asks-Centre-to-take-over-incomplete-expressway/articleshow/45985999.cms|title=Haryana asks Centre to take over incomplete expressway|work=The Times of India|access-date=9 January 2016|date=23 January 2015|first=Dipak K|last=Dash}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/kmp-expressway-project-put-on-fast-track/article6926771.ece|title=KMP Expressway put on fast track|work=The Hindu|access-date=9 January 2016|date=24 February 2015|first=Gaurav Vivek|last=Bhatnagar}} 23. ^{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Finally-work-on-bypass-e-ways-begins/articleshow/46857383.cms|title=Finally, work on bypass e-ways begins|work=The Times of India|access-date=9 January 2016|date=9 April 2015|first=Deepak K|last=Dash}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/gurgaon/kmp-to-miss-august-deadline-too-could-take-3-more-months/articleshow/65205258.cms|title=KMP to miss August deadline too, could take 3 more months}} 25. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/10-days-after-its-grand-opening-chaos-on-eastern-peripheral-expressway/story-bKfPdgyXp2FkGRMiQsqIKO.html|title=Chaos, theft, accident: All is not well with Delhi’s ‘smart’ eastern expressway}} 26. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/kmp-eway-to-partially-open-in-march/|title=KMP e-way to partially open in March|date=22 December 2010|work=The Indian Express|access-date=22 May 2016}} 27. ^Five new cities in Haryana along KMP expressway 28. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/haryana-govt-to-set-up-multi-modal-transit-centres/1227684|title=Haryana govt to set up multi modal transit centres|work=Outlook|date=11 Jan 2018|access-date=5 June 2018}} External links
7 : Roads in Delhi|Expressways in India|Expressways in Haryana|Indian National Expressways|Transport in Gurgaon district|Transport in Haryana|Ring roads in India |
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