| 释义 |
- Function
- References
- Further reading
{{Infobox_gene}}WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 - also known as Human Epididymis Protein 4[1] (HE4) - is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WFDC2 gene.[2][3][4]HE4 is a tumor marker of ovarian cancer, with 80% sensitivity at a cut-off of 150 pmol/L.[5] Function This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the WFDC domain family. The WFDC domain, or WAP Signature motif, contains eight cysteines forming four disulfide bonds at the core of the protein, and functions as a protease inhibitor in many family members. This gene is expressed in pulmonary epithelial cells, and was also found to be expressed in some ovarian cancers.[1] The encoded protein is a small secretory protein, which may be involved in sperm maturation.[4] References 1. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Hellström I, Raycraft J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Ledbetter JA, Schummer M, McIntosh M, Drescher C, Urban N, Hellström KE | title = The HE4 (WFDC2) Protein Is a Biomarker for Ovarian Carcinoma | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 63 | issue = 13 | pages = 3695–3700 | date = 2003-07-01 | pmid = 12839961 | url = http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/63/13/3695.full | id = | accessdate = 2012-11-28 }}
2. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Kirchhoff C, Habben I, Ivell R, Krull N | title = A major human epididymis-specific cDNA encodes a protein with sequence homology to extracellular proteinase inhibitors | journal = Biol Reprod | volume = 45 | issue = 2 | pages = 350–7 | date = Mar 1992 | pmid = 1686187 | pmc = | doi = 10.1095/biolreprod45.2.350 }}
3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Schummer M, Ng WV, Bumgarner RE, Nelson PS, Schummer B, Bednarski DW, Hassell L, Baldwin RL, Karlan BY, Hood L | title = Comparative hybridization of an array of 21,500 ovarian cDNAs for the discovery of genes overexpressed in ovarian carcinomas | journal = Gene | volume = 238 | issue = 2 | pages = 375–85 | date = Dec 1999 | pmid = 10570965 | pmc = | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00342-X }}
4. ^1 {{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WFDC2 WAP four-disulfide core domain 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10406| accessdate = }}
5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Molina R, Escudero JM, Augé JM, Filella X, Foj L, Torné A, Lejarcegui J, Pahisa J | title = HE4 a novel tumour marker for ovarian cancer: Comparison with CA 125 and ROMA algorithm in patients with gynaecological diseases | journal = Tumor Biology | volume = 32 | issue = 6 | pages = 1087–95 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21863264 | pmc = 3195682 | doi = 10.1007/s13277-011-0204-3 }}
Further reading {{refbegin | 2}}- {{cite journal | vauthors = Kirchhoff C | title = Molecular characterization of epididymal proteins | journal = Rev. Reprod. | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 86–95 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9685187 | doi = 10.1530/ror.0.0030086 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Kirchhoff C, Osterhoff C, Habben I, Ivell R, Kirchloff C | title = Cloning and analysis of mRNAs expressed specifically in the human epididymis | journal = Int. J. Androl. | volume = 13 | issue = 2 | pages = 155–67 | year = 1990 | pmid = 1693137 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1990.tb00972.x }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 171–4 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 149–56 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Bingle L, Singleton V, Bingle CD | title = The putative ovarian tumour marker gene HE4 (WFDC2), is expressed in normal tissues and undergoes complex alternative splicing to yield multiple protein isoforms | journal = Oncogene | volume = 21 | issue = 17 | pages = 2768–73 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11965550 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1205363 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Clauss A, Lilja H, Lundwall A | title = A locus on human chromosome 20 contains several genes expressing protease inhibitor domains with homology to whey acidic protein | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 368 | issue = Pt 1 | pages = 233–42 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12206714 | pmc = 1222987 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20020869 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Hellström I, Raycraft J, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Ledbetter JA, Schummer M, McIntosh M, Drescher C, Urban N, Hellström KE | title = The HE4 (WFDC2) protein is a biomarker for ovarian carcinoma | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 63 | issue = 13 | pages = 3695–700 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12839961 | doi = }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Drapkin R, von Horsten HH, Lin Y, Mok SC, Crum CP, Welch WR, Hecht JL | title = Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a secreted glycoprotein that is overexpressed by serous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 65 | issue = 6 | pages = 2162–9 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15781627 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-3924 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Clauss A, Lilja H, Lundwall A | title = The evolution of a genetic locus encoding small serine proteinase inhibitors | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 333 | issue = 2 | pages = 383–9 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15950183 | pmc = 1939935 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.125 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Bingle L, Cross SS, High AS, Wallace WA, Rassl D, Yuan G, Hellstrom I, Campos MA, Bingle CD | title = WFDC2 (HE4): A potential role in the innate immunity of the oral cavity and respiratory tract and the development of adenocarcinomas of the lung | journal = Respir. Res. | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 61 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16600032 | pmc = 1459147 | doi = 10.1186/1465-9921-7-61 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Ramachandran P, Boontheung P, Xie Y, Sondej M, Wong DT, Loo JA | title = Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry | journal = J. Proteome Res. | volume = 5 | issue = 6 | pages = 1493–503 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16740002 | doi = 10.1021/pr050492k }}
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