| 词条 | Wheel spider |
| 释义 |
| name = Wheel spider | image = WheelSpider.jpg | image_caption = Carparachne aureoflava | genus = Carparachne | species = aureoflava | authority = Lawrence, 1966 | synonyms =
}} The wheel spider or golden wheel spider (Carparachne aureoflava), is a huntsman spider native to the Namib Desert of Southern Africa. This spider should not be confused with Leucorchestris arenicola, a spider sharing the same common name as well as the same locale.[1] The spider escapes parasitic pompilid wasps by flipping onto its side and cartwheeling down sand dunes at speeds of up to 44 turns per second.[2][3] CharacteristicsWheel spiders are up to 20 mm in size, with males and females the same size. The wheel spider is a nocturnal, free-ranging hunter, coming out at night to prey on insects and other small invertebrates. Its bite is mildly venomous, but the spider is not known to be harmful to humans.[4] {{Annotated image|image = WheelSpiderBurrow.jpg | image-width = 250 | image-left = 0 | image-top = -50 | width = 220 | height = 150 |alt=A wheel spider burrow |caption=A wheel spider burrow }} The wheel spider does not produce a web. Its principal line of defence against predation is to bury itself in a silk-lined burrow extending 40–50 cm deep. During the process of digging its burrow, the spider can shift up to {{convert|10|L|gal}} of sand, 80,000 times its body weight. It is during the initial stages of building a burrow that the spider is vulnerable to pompilid wasps, which will sting and paralyze the spider before planting eggs in its body. If the spider is unable to fight off a wasp, and if it is on a sloped dune, it will use its rolling speed of {{convert|1|m/s|ft/s}} to escape.[5] References1. ^{{cite web | title = Carparachne aureoflava | work = ZipcodeZoo.com | publisher = BayScience Foundation, Inc. | date = 2008-08-13 | url = http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/C/Carparachne_aureoflava/Default.asp | accessdate = 2009-01-21}} 2. ^{{cite web | title = The Desert is Alive | work = Living Desert Adventures | year = 2008 | url = http://www.living-desert-adventures.com/ | accessdate = 2009-01-21}} 3. ^{{cite journal | author=Armstrong, S. | title=Fog, wind and heat - life in the Namib desert | issue = 1725 | date=14 July 1990 | journal=New Scientist | url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12717253.800--fog-wind-and-heat--life-in-the-namib-desert-researchers-working-in-one-of-the-worlds-most-hostile-environments-are-discovering-how-scores-of-species-manage-to-survive-but-will-the-research-station-itself-survive-as-namibia-gains-its-independence--.html | accessdate=2008-10-11 }} 4. ^{{cite book | last = Leroy | first = Astri |author2=John Leroy | title = Spiders of Southern Africa | publisher = Struik Publishers | year = 2000 | location = Cape Town | page = 81 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=zgxfRnYbiYcC&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=%22golden+wheeling+spider%22 | isbn = 1-86872-944-3 }} 5. ^{{Cite news | editor = Mark Gardiner | title = Feature Creature | newspaper = Gobabeb Times | page = 3 | date = April 2005 | format = PDF | url = http://www.gobabebtrc.org/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=3&Itemid=107}}
Further reading
| last = Henschel | first = J.R. | title = Spiders wheel to escape | journal = South African Journal of Science | volume = 86 | pages = 151–152 | year = 1990 | issn = 0038-2353 }} External links
3 : Rolling animals|Sparassidae|Spiders of Africa |
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