“White Crosses”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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White Crosses

释义

Victims' names
References

{{for|the album|White Crosses (album)}}White Crosses (in German: Weiße Kreuze) is a memorial for those who died during the Cold War at the Berlin Wall. It is located at the shore of the river Spree in Berlin next to the Reichstag building, which houses the German parliament. Established by the private group Berliner Bürger-Verein on the 10th anniversary of the Berlin Wall in 1971 it was first located east of the Reichstag on a fence directly in front of the wall. After the German reunification in 1990 it kept its location until construction of the new government buildings next to the Reichstag was started at the end of that century – Berlin was chosen to be the new capital of Germany.^[1]

During construction the memorial was moved to a location south of the Reichstag next to the Tiergarten. On the 50th anniversary of the Uprising of 1953 in East Germany a second set of crosses was erected on the riverbank, which is slightly north-west of the original location. The opening speech was given by then President of the Bundestag Wolfgang Thierse.^[2]

Victims' names

The names of 13 victims are inscribed on both sides of the 7 crosses. One cross is devoted to the unknown victims of the wall.^[1] The selection contains the first and last victim who were killed by gunfire. Most of the victims died between 1961 and 1965.

landside

Günter Litfin, August, 24th 1961
Udo Düllick, October, 5th 1961
Hans Räwel, January, 1st 1963
Klaus Schröter, November, 4th 1963
Heinz Sokolowski, November, 25th 1965
Marienetta Jirkowsky, November, 22nd 1980
"den unbekannten Opfern an der Mauer" (German: to the unknown victims of the wall)

riverside

Werner Probst, October, 14th 1961
Ingo Krüger, December, 10th 1961
Philipp Held, April, 11th 1962
Axel Hannemann, June, 5th 1962
Lutz Haberlandt, June, 27th 1962
Wolf-Olaf Muszinski, March 1963
Chris Gueffroy, February, 5th 1989

References

1. ^¹berlin.de: “Weisse Kreuze” memorial / German Bundestag
2. ^Web archive of the German Bundestag: Ansprache von Bundestagspräsident Wolfgang Thierse zur Fertigstellung des westlichen Spreeplatzes und zur Wiederaufstellung der Mauerkreuze am 17. Juni Speech of the President of the Bundestag Wolfgang Thierse on June, 17th 2003

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2 : Berlin Wall|Monuments and memorials in Berlin

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