| 释义 |
- Function
- Interactions
- References
- Further reading
{{Infobox_gene}}Negative elongation factor A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WHSC2 gene.[1][2] Function This gene is expressed ubiquitously with higher levels in fetal than in adult tissues. It encodes a protein sharing 93% sequence identity with the mouse protein. Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a malformation syndrome associated with a hemizygous deletion of the distal short arm of chromosome 4. This gene is mapped to the 165 kb WHS critical region, and may play a role in the phenotype of the WHS or Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome. The encoded protein is found to be capable of reacting with HLA-A2-restricted and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, suggesting a target for use in specific immunotherapy for a large number of cancer patients. This protein has also been shown to be a member of the NELF (negative elongation factor) protein complex that participates in the regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription elongation.[2] WHSC2 encodes the NELF-A subunit of the NELF complex.[3] Interactions WHSC2 has been shown to interact with RDBP.[3] References 1. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wright TJ, Costa JL, Naranjo C, Francis-West P, Altherr MR | title = Comparative analysis of a novel gene from the Wolf-Hirschhorn/Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome critical region | journal = Genomics | volume = 59 | issue = 2 | pages = 203–12 | date = Jul 1999 | pmid = 10409432 | pmc = | doi = 10.1006/geno.1999.5871 }}
2. ^1 {{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: WHSC2 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7469| accessdate = }}
3. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Narita T, Yamaguchi Y, Yano K, Sugimoto S, Chanarat S, Wada T, Kim DK, Hasegawa J, Omori M, Inukai N, Endoh M, Yamada T, Handa H | title = Human transcription elongation factor NELF: identification of novel subunits and reconstitution of the functionally active complex | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 23 | issue = 6 | pages = 1863–73 | date = Mar 2003 | pmid = 12612062 | pmc = 149481 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.23.6.1863-1873.2003 }}
Further reading {{refbegin | 2}}- {{cite journal | vauthors = Gutmajster E, Rokicka A | title = [Genetic determination of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome ] | journal = Wiadomości Lekarskie | volume = 55 | issue = 11-12 | pages = 706–10 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12715353 | doi = }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Stevens M, De Clercq E, Balzarini J | title = The regulation of HIV-1 transcription: molecular targets for chemotherapeutic intervention | journal = Medicinal Research Reviews | volume = 26 | issue = 5 | pages = 595–625 | date = Sep 2006 | pmid = 16838299 | doi = 10.1002/med.20081 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171–4 | date = Jan 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA | title = A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction | journal = Analytical Biochemistry | volume = 236 | issue = 1 | pages = 107–13 | date = Apr 1996 | pmid = 8619474 | doi = 10.1006/abio.1996.0138 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Wright TJ, Ricke DO, Denison K, Abmayr S, Cotter PD, Hirschhorn K, Keinänen M, McDonald-McGinn D, Somer M, Spinner N, Yang-Feng T, Zackai E, Altherr MR | title = A transcript map of the newly defined 165 kb Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome critical region | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 6 | issue = 2 | pages = 317–24 | date = Feb 1997 | pmid = 9063753 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/6.2.317 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC, Muzny DM, Ding Y, Liu W, Ricafrente JY, Wentland MA, Lennon G, Gibbs RA | title = Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing | journal = Genome Research | volume = 7 | issue = 4 | pages = 353–8 | date = Apr 1997 | pmid = 9110174 | pmc = 139146 | doi = 10.1101/gr.7.4.353 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 149–56 | date = Oct 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Yamaguchi Y, Takagi T, Wada T, Yano K, Furuya A, Sugimoto S, Hasegawa J, Handa H | title = NELF, a multisubunit complex containing RD, cooperates with DSIF to repress RNA polymerase II elongation | journal = Cell | volume = 97 | issue = 1 | pages = 41–51 | date = Apr 1999 | pmid = 10199401 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80713-8 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Ping YH, Rana TM | title = DSIF and NELF interact with RNA polymerase II elongation complex and HIV-1 Tat stimulates P-TEFb-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and DSIF during transcription elongation | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 16 | pages = 12951–8 | date = Apr 2001 | pmid = 11112772 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M006130200 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Mariotti M, Manganini M, Maier JA | title = Modulation of WHSC2 expression in human endothelial cells | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 487 | issue = 2 | pages = 166–70 | date = Dec 2000 | pmid = 11150502 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02335-8 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Ito M, Shichijo S, Tsuda N, Ochi M, Harashima N, Saito N, Itoh K | title = Molecular basis of T cell-mediated recognition of pancreatic cancer cells | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 61 | issue = 5 | pages = 2038–46 | date = Mar 2001 | pmid = 11280764 | doi = }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Yamaguchi Y, Filipovska J, Yano K, Furuya A, Inukai N, Narita T, Wada T, Sugimoto S, Konarska MM, Handa H | title = Stimulation of RNA polymerase II elongation by hepatitis delta antigen | journal = Science | volume = 293 | issue = 5527 | pages = 124–7 | date = Jul 2001 | pmid = 11387440 | doi = 10.1126/science.1057925 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Yamaguchi Y, Inukai N, Narita T, Wada T, Handa H | title = Evidence that negative elongation factor represses transcription elongation through binding to a DRB sensitivity-inducing factor/RNA polymerase II complex and RNA | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 22 | issue = 9 | pages = 2918–27 | date = May 2002 | pmid = 11940650 | pmc = 133766 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.9.2918-2927.2002 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Zollino M, Lecce R, Fischetto R, Murdolo M, Faravelli F, Selicorni A, Buttè C, Memo L, Capovilla G, Neri G | title = Mapping the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome phenotype outside the currently accepted WHS critical region and defining a new critical region, WHSCR-2 | journal = American Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 72 | issue = 3 | pages = 590–7 | date = Mar 2003 | pmid = 12563561 | pmc = 1180235 | doi = 10.1086/367925 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Narita T, Yamaguchi Y, Yano K, Sugimoto S, Chanarat S, Wada T, Kim DK, Hasegawa J, Omori M, Inukai N, Endoh M, Yamada T, Handa H | title = Human transcription elongation factor NELF: identification of novel subunits and reconstitution of the functionally active complex | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 23 | issue = 6 | pages = 1863–73 | date = Mar 2003 | pmid = 12612062 | pmc = 149481 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.23.6.1863-1873.2003 }}
- {{cite journal | vauthors = Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP | title = Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 101 | issue = 33 | pages = 12130–5 | date = Aug 2004 | pmid = 15302935 | pmc = 514446 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 }}
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