| 词条 | William Clark (judge) |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = William Clark | honorific-suffix = | image = | alt = | caption = | office = Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit | term_start = June 25, 1938 | term_end = March 24, 1943 | nominator = | appointer = Franklin D. Roosevelt | predecessor = Joseph Whitaker Thompson | successor = Gerald McLaughlin | office1 = Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey | term_start1 = May 21, 1925 | term_end1 = June 25, 1938 | nominator1 = | appointer1 = Calvin Coolidge | predecessor1 = Charles Francis Lynch | successor1 = Thomas Glynn Walker | pronunciation = | birth_name = William Clark | birth_date = {{Birth date|1891|02|01}} | birth_place = Newark, New Jersey | death_date = {{Death date and age|1957|10|10|1891|02|01}} | death_place = Colombo, Sri Lanka | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | citizenship = | nationality = | party = Republican | otherparty = | height = | spouse = {{marriage|Marjory Bruce Blair |September 20, 1913|1947|reason=div}} {{marriage|Sonia Tomara |1947|1957|reason=his death}} | partner = | relations = J. Donald Cameron | children = Anne Clark Martindell Ledyard Blair Clark J. William Clark | parents = | mother = | father = | relatives = | residence = | education = Harvard University {{midsize|(B.A., M.A.)}} Harvard Law School {{midsize|(LL.B.)}} | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = | known_for = | salary = | net_worth = | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | nickname = | allegiance = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States of America}}}} | branch = United States Army | serviceyears = 1917–1918 1942–1945 | rank = Colonel | unit = | commands = | battles = World War I World War II | mawards = Silver Star | footnotes = }} William Clark (February 1, 1891 – October 10, 1957) was a United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and previously was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. Early life, education and careerClark was born on February 1, 1891 in Newark, New Jersey. His parents were John William Clark (1867–1928),[1][2] president of the Clark Thread Company of Newark,[3] (Clark Thread Co. later merged with J. & P. Coats to become Coats & Clark Inc.) and Margaretta Cameron Clark (1869–1941).[4] He had two brothers, John Balfour Clark (1898–1982),[5] who became president of the Clark Thread Company,[6] and James Cameron Clark (1892–1976).[7][8] His maternal grandfather was United States Senator and United States Secretary of War during the Grant administration, J. Donald Cameron (1833–1918),[9] who himself was the son of Simon Cameron (1799–1889), also a United States Senator and the United States Secretary of War during the Lincoln administration.[4] His paternal grandfather was William Clark (1841–1902),[10] the founder of the Clark Thread Company in the United States.[11] He studied at the Newark Academy and St. Mark's School and earned successive degrees at Harvard University, starting with a Bachelor of Arts degree at the age of 20 in 1911, followed by a Master of Arts degree a year later, and finally a Bachelor of Law from Harvard Law School in 1915.[13] Two years after graduating from Harvard Law, when the United States entered World War I, he joined the United States Army going to France. He stayed with the Army until 1918, rising to the rank of Captain and receiving a Silver Star for gallantry in action.[13] In 1920, Clark entered the practice of law in Newark until 1923, when he became a judge of the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals. He served for one year.[13] Federal judicial serviceClark, a Republican, received a recess appointment from President Calvin Coolidge on May 21, 1925, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey vacated by Judge Charles Francis Lynch.[12] He was nominated to the same position by President Coolidge on December 8, 1925. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1925, and received his commission on December 17, 1925. His service terminated on June 25, 1938, due to his elevation to the Third Circuit.[17] Clark was nominated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on June 10, 1938, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit vacated by Judge Joseph Whitaker Thompson.[13] He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 16, 1938, and received his commission on June 25, 1938.[14] His service terminated on March 24, 1943, due to his resignation.[15] Notable casesClark presided over many patent cases, only three of which were overturned by 1930.[16] In 1930, in the case of United States v. Sprague, Clark ruled that the Eighteenth Amendment was invalid on the grounds that its ratification by State Legislatures was not the method prescribed by the United States Constitution for amendments effecting a transfer of power from the individual states to the United States.[13][17][18][19] World War IIOn March 24, 1943, Clark resigned his judgeship and became a full time member of the United States Army, this time as part of World War II. He was originally commissioned a Lieutenant colonel.[26] His service lasted until the war's conclusion in 1945, rising to the rank of Colonel after 32 months spent overseas.[13] Upon his return to the United States, Clark sued the government under the G.I. Bill for his seat on the bench back.[20] A unanimous decision by the United States Court of Claims held that he was not entitled to resume his post he left to rejoin to Army.[21] In January 1948, he was appointed a civilian member of the legal staff of Genenal Lucius D. Clay, who was commanding the occupation forces in Germany.[22] In 1949, Clark became the Chief Justice of the Allied High Commission Court of Appeals in Nuremberg, Germany. He stayed in this position until 1954,[14] after being informed in 1953 that he was not going to be reappointed Chief Justice due to the diminishing amount of work for the court to preside over.[13][23][24] Personal lifeOn September 20, 1913, Clark married Marjory Bruce Blair (1893–1975),[25] daughter of investment banker C. Ledyard Blair.[26] Eight hundred guests were invited to the celebration at the Blairsden Mansion in Peapack-Gladstone, New Jersey, not far from the Clark family's own estate, Peachcroft.[3] Before their divorce in 1947, they had three children, a daughter and two sons:
On October 4, 1947,[31] Clark married for the second time to Sonia Tomara (1897–1982),[32] a foreign correspondent for the New York Herald Tribune, in Paris.[33][34] Clark died of a heart attack on October 10, 1957 while on vacation in Colombo, Sri Lanka.[35] References1. ^{{cite news|last1=The New York Times|first1=Special Cable To|title=WILLIAM CLARK DEAD.; Thread Manufacturer of Newark, N. J., and Scotland, Passes Away on His Yacht at Portland, England.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1902/07/08/archives/william-clark-dead-thread-manufacturer-of-newark-n-j-and-scotland.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=8 July 1902}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=J. WILLIAM CLARK DIES UNEXPECTEDLY; President of Thread Mills in Newark Succumbs to Heart Disease. WAS A DIRECTOR IN BANKS Also Interested in Insurance Companies--Identified With Many Philanthropies.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1928/07/17/archives/j-william-clark-dies-unexpectedly-president-of-thread-mills-in.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=17 July 1928}} 3. ^1 Schleicher, William A. and Susan Winter. [https://books.google.com/books?id=pl6JF54vnRIC In the Somerset Hills: The Landed Gentry]. Arcadia, 1997. 4. ^1 {{cite news|title=MRS, J, WILLIAM CLARK; Mother of Federal Judge Was Daughter of U.S. Senator|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/03/19/archives/mrs-j-william-clark-mother-of-federal-judge-was-daughter-of-u-s.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=19 March 1941}} 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=MRS. MARJORIE WING WED.; Daughter of the LeRoy Wards Bride of John Balfour Clark,|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1935/08/04/archives/mrs-marjorie-wing-wed-daughter-of-the-leroy-wards-bride-of-john.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=4 August 1935}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=JOHN BALFOUR CLARK|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/07/27/obituaries/john-balfour-clark.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=27 July 1982}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=LADY IRENE CUBITT WED TO J. C. CLARK; Civil and Religious Ceremonies in London for Peer's Dasghter and American Sportsman.|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1933/02/10/105383922.html?pageNumber=14|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=February 10, 1933|language=en}} 8. ^{{cite news|title=J. C. CLARK MARRIES MRS. M. T. GIBSON; Daughter of Mrs. Moses Taylor Is Bride of Sportsman and Thread Firm's Ex-Head|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B04EFDE133AE23ABC4A52DFB266838C629EDE&legacy=true|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=12 April 1937}} 9. ^The History of Blairsden in Peapack, NJ, Historical Society of The Somerset Hills. 10. ^{{cite news|title=ILLNESS OF WILLIAM CLARK.; Cablegram Received in Newark Says He Is Dying in Scotland.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1902/06/02/archives/illness-of-william-clark-cablegram-received-in-newark-says-he-is.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=2 June 1902}} 11. ^{{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=WILL OF WILLIAM CLARK.; Thread Manufacturer's Estate of $5,000,000 Goes to His Family.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1902/08/14/archives/will-of-william-clark-thread-manufacturers-estate-of-5000000-goes.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=14 August 1902}} 12. ^{{cite news|title=CHARGES FIRST GRAND JURY.; Federal Judge Clark Directs September Term In Trenton.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1925/09/10/archives/charges-first-grand-jury-federal-judge-clark-directs-september-term.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=10 September 1925}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=CLARK TAKES OATH AS APPEALS JUDGE; Justice Roberts Swears In New Member of Circuit Bench|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1938/07/06/archives/clark-takes-oath-as-appeals-judge-justice-roberts-swears-in-new.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=6 July 1938}} 14. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Clark, William|url=https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/clark-william|website=www.fjc.gov|publisher=Federal Judicial Center|accessdate=17 May 2017|language=en}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=ROOSEVELT ACCEPTS CLARK'S RESIGNATION; Acts on Ruling Judges in Military Service Must Leave Bench|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1942/08/06/archives/roosevelt-accepts-clarks-resignation-acts-on-ruling-judges-in.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=6 August 1942}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=JUDGE CLARK REVERSED IN ONLY THREE CASES; Named to Federal Bench in 1925 When He Was 34--Got Gallantry Citation in War.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1930/12/17/archives/judge-clark-reversed-in-only-three-cases-named-to-federal-bench-in.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=17 December 1930}} 17. ^{{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=Wayne B. Wheeler Endorsed Judge Clark for Federal Bench|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B04E1DE1438E43ABC4052DFB467838B629EDE&legacy=true|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=18 December 1930}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=Text of Judge Clark's Decision Holding Prohibition Amendment Unconstitutional; People and Not Legislature Held to Be Proper Ratifiers of the Amendment|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1930/12/17/archives/text-of-judge-clarks-decision-holding-prohibition-amendment.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=17 December 1930}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=JUDGE CLARK CITES ARTICLE V {{!}} Ratification Should Be by People, Not States, He Maintains. AN APPEAL TO BE TAKEN Jurist Believes Ruling Cannot Bring Into Question Passage of Other Amendments. OPINION CALLS ISSUE NEW Says Supreme Court Never Has Ruled on Adoption--Others Hold That It Has. Washington Is Disturbed. Other Amendments Unaffected. RULES PROHIBITION AMENDMENT VOID|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1930/12/17/archives/judge-clark-cites-articlev-ratification-should-be-by-people-not.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=17 December 1930}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=CLARK, IN PAY SUIT, ASKS 2 JUDGES QUIT; Former Justice Sees Parallel to His Case on Bench of Court of Claims|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/04/08/archives/clark-in-pay-suit-asks-2-judges-quit-former-justice-sees-parallel.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=8 April 1947}} 21. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=SEAT DENIED CLARK IN CIRCUIT COURT; Unanimous Decision Holds the Ex-Jurist Is Not Entitled to Resume Post Left for Army|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/07/08/archives/seat-denied-clark-in-circuit-court-unanimous-decision-holds-the.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=8 July 1947}} 22. ^{{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=Clay Names Judge William Clark Appeals Court Chief in Germany; Three Others Are Appointed as Associates -- Principal Counsel Also Chosen|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1948/08/20/archives/clay-names-judge-william-clark-appeals-court-chief-in-germany-three.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=20 August 1948}} 23. ^{{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=U.S. Chief Justice in Germany Is Dismissed, but Will Resist; Clark Bars Any Interference With Rulings -- Clashes With Conant Cited U. S. JUSTICE FIGHTS OUSTER IN GERMANY|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/11/26/archives/us-chief-justice-in-germany-is-dismissed-but-will-resist-clark-bars.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=26 November 1953}} 24. ^{{cite news|title=U.S. Forces Judge Clark to Return By Seizing Diplomatic Passport; JUDGE ENDS FIGHT TO STAY IN EUROPE|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/12/29/archives/us-forces-judge-clark-to-return-by-seizing-diplomatic-passport.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=29 December 1953}} 25. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=MARJORY B. CLARK|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/09/20/archives/marjory-b-clark.html?_r=0|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=20 September 1975}} 26. ^{{cite news|title=SOCIAL LIFE AT STANDSTILL DURING LAST WEEK OF LENT; Plans for Numerous Post-Lenten Weddings Announced -- Miss Marjory Bruce Blair Engaged -- Mrs. John Astor Sails for London This Week.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/03/16/archives/social-life-at-standstill-during-last-week-of-lent-plans-for.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=16 March 1913}} 27. ^{{cite news|last1=Grimes|first1=William|title=Anne C. Martindell, Late Bloomer, Lawmaker and Diplomat, Is Dead at 93|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/15/nyregion/15martindell.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=15 June 2008}} 28. ^{{cite news|last1=Lewin|first1=Tamar|title=The Graduate, Age 87, Looks Ahead|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/20/us/the-graduate-age-87-looks-ahead.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=20 May 2002}} 29. ^{{cite news | url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C07E3DC133FF93BA35755C0A9669C8B63&n=Top/Reference/Times%2CTopics/People/P/Pace,%2CEric | title=Blair Clark, 82, CBS Executive Who Led McCarthy's '68 Race - New York Times | date=2000-06-08 | accessdate=2008-03-20 | work=The New York Times | first=Eric | last=Pace}} 30. ^{{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York|title=J. HOLLADAY PHILBIN ENGAGED TO MARRY; Boston Girl Will Become Bride of Blair Clark of Princeton|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/05/07/archives/j-holladay-philbin-engaged-to-marry-boston-girl-will-become-bride.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=7 May 1941}} 31. ^{{cite news|title=EX-JUDGE CLARK WEDS MISS TOMARA IN PARIS|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/11/01/archives/exjudge-clark-weds-miss-tomara-in-paris.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=1 November 1947}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/09/obituaries/sonia-tomara-clark.html|title=Sonia Tomara Clark|work=New York Times|date=9 September 1982|accessdate=3 March 2016}} 33. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1947/11/01/archives/exjudge-clark-weds-miss-tomara-in-paris.html "Ex-Judge Clark Weds Miss Tomara in Paris"]. The New York Times, November 1, 1947. Accessed June 13, 2008. 34. ^{{cite book|author=Nancy Signorielli|title=Women in Communication: A Biographical Sourcebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jds8Oc1Oqt0C&pg=PA316|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-29164-7|pages=316–}} 35. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|last1=Times|first1=Special To The New York Times the New York|title=WILLIAM CLARK, U.S. JUDGE, DIES; Ex-Chief Justice in Germany Succumbs in Ceylon-- Ruled on Prohibition Controversial Figure|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/10/11/archives/william-clark-us-judge-dies-exchief-justice-in-germany-succumbs-in.html|accessdate=17 May 2017|work=The New York Times|date=11 October 1957}} External links
12 : 1891 births|1957 deaths|Harvard University alumni|Harvard Law School alumni|Recipients of the Silver Star|Judges of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey|United States district court judges appointed by Calvin Coolidge|Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit|United States court of appeals judges appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt|20th-century American judges|New Jersey state court judges|Lawyers from Newark, New Jersey |
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