| 词条 | William Clevland (king) |
| 释义 |
Early life and familyWilliam Clevland was the son of Commodore William Clevland, a Scotsman who settled at Tapeley Park, near Bideford, Devon. His brother was John Clevland, who was appointed as Secretary of the Admiralty.[2] CareerIn the 1730s Clevland was working for the Royal African Society, which had a monopoly on trade at Sierra Leone. He was on board a slave ship that was wrecked off the Banana Islands. He and surviving African slaves made their way to the islands, which they settled. Clevland took power and named himself king.[3] His children included:
Both Elizabeth and James were sent to England for their education. John succeeded his father as sovereign of the Banana Islands, but died in 1764.[5] He was succeeded by James Cleveland.[6] In this period, the British had a trading post at the mouth of the Sierra Leone River and by 1792 had established a colony of freedmen at Freetown. References1. ^Lang (1999) 2. ^Lang (1999) 3. ^Caulker-Burnett I. 4. ^{{cite web| title=Elizabeth Clevland Hardcastle, 1741-1808 : a lady of color in the South Carolina low country |url= https://familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=1050594&disp=Elizabeth+Clevland+Hardcastle%2C+1741- |publisher=Family Search| accessdate=27 October 2014}} 5. ^{{cite journal |last=Garber |first=Melbourne |title=Banana, Bonthe, Bunce Islands and Sierra Leone’s Other Islands – Their History and Inter-Relatedness during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade |journal= Journal of Sierra Leone Studies |date=2016 |issue=March 2016 |url= http://thejournalofsierraleonestudies.com/downloads/Version9.pdf |accessdate=1 April 2017}} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Louise |first=E. |title= Elizabeth Clevland Hardcastle, 1741-1808: A Lady of Colour in the South Carolina Low Country |date=2001 |publisher= Phoenix Publishers |location= Columbia, South Carolina}} Sources
| last =Lang | first =George | authorlink = | title = Entwisted tongues: comparative creole literatures | publisher =Rodopi Bv Editions | location =Amsterdam and New York | year = 1999 | doi = | isbn =978-90-420-0737-6 }}
| last =Caulker-Burnett | first =Imodale | authorlink = | title = The Caulkers of Sierra Leone | publisher = Xlibris | location = | year = 2010 | doi = | isbn = 978-1456802400 }}{{self-published inline|date=December 2017}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Clevland, William}}{{SierraLeone-bio-stub}} 6 : 1758 deaths|Year of birth unknown|Clevland family|Shipwreck survivors|Sierra Leonean people of Scottish descent|1720 births |
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