| 词条 | William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = His Grace | name = The Duke of Queensberry | image = William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry by John Opie.jpg | alt = The Duke of Queensberry | caption = The Duke of Queensberry by John Opie | other_names = | occupation = Scottish duke | birth_place = Peebles | death_place = London | birth_date = {{start-date|16 December 1724}} | death_date = {{Death-date and age|23 December 1810|16 December 1724|df=yes}} | children = Maria Seymour-Conway, Marchioness of Hertford | parents = William Douglas, 2nd Earl of March Lady Anne Hamilton }}William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry KT (16 December 1724{{snd}}23 December 1810) was a Scottish nobleman. He was popularly known as Old Q, and was famous for being a great gambler.[1] Born in Peebles, Queensberry was the only son of William Douglas, 2nd Earl of March, and his wife, Lady Anne Hamilton. A friend of the Prince of Wales, Douglas was appointed Gentleman of the Bedchamber to George III in 1760.[1] He was appointed a Knight of the Thistle in 1761 and was a Scottish representative peer from 1761, and was Vice Admiral of Scotland from 1767 to 1776. However, because of his behavior during the king's illness he was deprived of his office as Gentleman of the Bedchamber in 1789, and for a while took refuge abroad.{{sfn|Henderson|1888|p=374}} Later, he was Lord Lieutenant of Dumfries from 1794 until 1810. He succeeded his father in the Earldom of March in 1731 and his mother in the Earldom of Ruglen in 1748. He succeeded his cousin Charles as Duke of Queensberry in 1778, and was created Baron Douglas of Amesbury in the Peerage of Great Britain in 1786. Queensberry never married, though he had a daughter, Maria "Mie-Mie" Fagnani, by a mistress, the Marchesa Fagnani.[2] In 1798, she became the wife of the 3rd Marquess of Hertford; Queensberry left much of his fortune to Maria Hertford,[2] but he left £10,000 to Lady Anne Hamilton who was a Lady in Waiting to Caroline of Brunswick.[3] On his death, the Dukedom of Queensberry and Drumlanrig Castle passed to his second cousin once removed, the third Duke of Buccleuch. The Marquessate of Queensberry passed to his fourth cousin once removed (and also third once removed) Sir Charles Douglas, 5th Bt, whose descendant is the current titleholder. His second cousin twice removed Francis Douglas, 8th Earl of Wemyss became Earl of Wemyss and March. The Earldom of Ruglen became extinct. He was interred at St James's Church, Piccadilly on 31 December 1810.[4] He had horseracing interests and his racing silks were deep red with a black cap. [5]As "Lord March", he is portrayed in the William Makepeace Thackeray novel The Virginians as a dissolute gambler.[6] Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry |2= 2. William Douglas, 2nd Earl of March |3= 3. Anne Hamilton, 2nd Countess of Ruglen |4= 4. William Douglas, 1st Earl of March |5= 5. Lady Jean Hay |6= 6. John Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Selkirk |7= 7. Lady Anne Kennedy |8= 8. William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry |9= 9. Lady Isabel Douglas |10= 10. John Hay, 1st Marquess of Tweeddale |11= 11. Lady Jean Scott |12= 12. William Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton |13= 13. Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton |14= 14. John Kennedy, 7th Earl of Cassilis |15= 15. Lady Susannah Hamilton |16= 16. James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry |17= 17. Lady Margaret Stewart |18= 18. William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas |19= 19. Lady Mary Gordon |20= 20. John Hay, 1st Earl of Tweeddale |21= 21. Lady Jean Seton |22= 22. Walter Scott, 1st Earl of Buccleuch |23= 23. Lady Mary Hay |24= 24. William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas (= 18.) |25= 25. Lady Mary Gordon (= 19.) |26= 26. James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton |27= 27. Lady Mary Feilding |28= 28. John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassilis |29= 29. Lady Margaret Hay |30= 30. James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton (= 26.) |31= 31. Lady Mary Feilding (= 27.) }} References1. ^{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Queensberry, Earls, Marquesses and Dukes of|volume=22|page=731}} 2. ^1 François-René de Chateaubriand, Béatrix d' Andlau, Pierre Riberette, Correspondance générale: Volume 5 (Gallimard, 1986), page 540 3. ^{{Cite DNB |wstitle=Hamilton, Anne |display=Hamilton, Lady Anne |volume=24 |page=135 |last=Henderson |first=Thomas Finlayson |authorlink=Thomas Finlayson Henderson}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=John Robert|title='Old Q': A Memoir of William Douglas, Fourth Duke of Queensberry, K.T., One of 'the Fathers of the Turf,' with a Full Account of His Celebrated Matches and Wagers, Etc|date=1895|publisher=Samson Low, Marston and Company, Limited|location=London|page=249|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BxEMAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=2017-11-06|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Weatherby|first=Edward and James|journal=Racing Calendar|title=COLOURS WORN BY THE RIDERS OF THE FOLLOWING NOBLEMEN, GENTLEMEN, &c.|year=1801|volume=28|page=52|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=jeMNAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&output=reader&hl=en_GB&pg=GBS.PP1}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Sharpe|first1=Graham|title=Gambling’s Strangest Moments|date=2015|page=|publisher=Pavilion Books|isbn=9781910232491|chapter=Marching to glory with a balls up. Newmarket 1750}} External links
| before = John Carmichael}}{{s-ttl | title = Vice-Admiral of Scotland | years = 1767–1776}}{{s-aft | after = John Campbell}}{{s-hon}}{{s-new | office}}{{s-ttl | title = Lord Lieutenant of Dumfries | years = 1794–1797}}{{s-aft | after = Earl of Dalkeith}}{{s-reg |sct}}{{s-bef | rows = 2 | before = Charles Douglas}}{{s-ttl | title = Duke of Queensberry | years = 1778–1810}}{{s-aft | after = Henry Scott}}{{s-ttl | title = Marquess of Queensberry | years = 1778–1810}}{{s-aft | after = Charles Douglas}}{{s-bef | before = William Douglas}}{{s-ttl | title = Earl of March | years = 1731–1810}}{{s-aft | after = Francis Douglas}}{{s-bef | before = Anne Hamilton}}{{s-ttl | title = Earl of Ruglen | years = 1748–1810}}{{s-non | reason = Extinct}}{{end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2012}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Queensberry, William Douglas, 04th Duke of}} 11 : 1724 births|1810 deaths|Dukes of Queensberry|House of Douglas and Angus|Knights of the Thistle|Lord-Lieutenants of Dumfries|People from Peebles|Scottish representative peers|Marquesses of Queensberry|Earls of March (Scotland)|Peers of Great Britain created by George III |
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