1. Early life

2. Career
    Special operations  Operation Neptune Spear  Retirement from the military  The University of Texas System (UT System) Chancellor 

3. Dispute with President Trump

4. Personal life

5. Awards and decorations
    Award ribbons and badges  Award and badge names 

6. Bibliography

7. In media

8. References

9. External links

William Harry McRaven (born November 6, 1955) is a retired United States Navy admiral who last served as the ninth commander of the United States Special Operations Command from August 8, 2011, to August 28, 2014. From 2015 to 2018, he was the chancellor of The University of Texas System.

McRaven previously served from June 13, 2008, to August 2011 as commander of Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC)^[1] and from June 2006 to March 2008 as commander of Special Operations Command Europe (SOCEUR).^[1] In addition to his duties as COMSOCEUR, he was designated as the first director of the NATO Special Operations Forces Coordination Centre (NSCC), where he was charged with enhancing the capabilities and inter-operability of all NATO Special Operations Forces. McRaven retired from the U.S. Navy on August 28, 2014, after more than 37 years of service.^[2]

Early life

McRaven was born on November 6, 1955, in Pinehurst, North Carolina. His father, a career Air Force officer, was stationed at Pope Air Force Base, now known as Pope Field, part of Fort Bragg. He has two older sisters. His family moved to Texas while he was in elementary school and settled in San Antonio. He attended Theodore Roosevelt High School where he took part in track.^[3] He is the son of Anna Elizabeth (Long) and Col. Claude C. "Mac" McRaven, a Spitfire fighter pilot in World War II^[4][5] who played briefly in the NFL.^[7] McRaven attended the University of Texas at Austin on a track scholarship, and was a member of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps. He graduated in 1977 with a bachelor's degree in journalism.^[6] Additionally, McRaven holds a master's degree from the Naval Postgraduate School, where he helped establish and was the first graduate from the Special operations/Low intensity conflict curriculum.

In 2012, McRaven—along with former First Lady Laura Bush, Charles Matthews, Melinda Perrin, Julius Glickman and Hector Ruiz—was named a Distinguished Alumnus of the University of Texas.^[7][8]

Career

Special operations

After graduating from The University of Texas at Austin, McRaven was commissioned as an officer in the U.S. Navy and volunteered for Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL training (BUD/S) graduating with Class 95 in 1978. As a Navy SEAL officer, McRaven was deployed to the Philippines.^[9] In 1982, as a junior officer McRaven was assigned to SEAL Team Six under the command of CDR Richard Marcinko but was pushed out in 1983 due to McRaven's concerns about a culture of recklessness, military discipline, and difficulties in keeping his sailors in line. Richard Marcinko fired the 27-year-old McRaven after a year. "He was a bright guy, but he didn't like my rude and crude way," Marcinko said. "If I was a loose cannon, he was too rigid. He took the special out of special warfare." (Time magazine 12/04/2011) ^[10] McRaven later returned as a squadron commander at Naval Special Warfare Development Group, and has commanded at every level within the special operations community, including assignments as platoon commander at Underwater Demolition Team 21/SEAL Team Four, Executive Officer of SEAL Team One, task unit commander during the Persian Gulf War, task group commander in the CENTCOM area of responsibility, deputy commander for operations at JSOC, Commodore of Naval Special Warfare Group 1 from 1999 to 2001 and commanding officer of SEAL Team Three at Coronado, CA.

McRaven earned his master's degree at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, in 1993. McRaven's thesis was titled "The Theory of Special Operations" (republished in 1995 as Spec Ops: Case Studies in Special Operations Warfare: Theory and Practice).^[11]

McRaven has also served as a staff officer with an interagency coordination focus, including as the director for Strategic Planning in the Office of Combating Terrorism on the National Security Council Staff, assessment director at U.S. Special Operations Command, on the Staff of the Chief of Naval Operations and the chief of staff at Naval Special Warfare Group 1.

On April 6, 2011, McRaven was nominated by President Barack Obama for promotion from the rank of vice admiral to admiral and appointed as the ninth commander of USSOCOM,^[12] of which JSOC is a component. In his confirmation hearings, McRaven "endorsed a steady manpower growth rate of 3% to 5% a year" and favored more resources for USSOCOM, including "additional drones and the construction of new special operations facilities".^[13] After the Armed Services committee hearings, in late June, McRaven was confirmed unanimously by the Senate for his promotion to full Admiral and as commander of USSOCOM^[14] and took command August 8. The transfer ceremony was led by Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta in Tampa, with ADM Eric T. Olson also in attendance, two days after the Wardak Province helicopter crash which cost 30 Americans, including 22 SEALs, their lives. With several hundred in attendance, Panetta spoke of sending "a strong message of American resolve [and] ... carry[ing] on the fight".^[15]

Operation Neptune Spear

McRaven is credited for organizing and overseeing the execution of Operation Neptune Spear,^[16] the special ops raid that led to the death of Osama bin Laden on May 2, 2011. CIA Director Leon Panetta delegated the raid to McRaven, who had worked almost exclusively on counter-terrorism operations and strategy since 2001.^[16]

According to The New York Times, "In February, Mr. Panetta called then-Vice Adm. William H. McRaven, commander of the Pentagon's Joint Special Operations Command, to CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia, to give him details about the compound and to begin planning a military strike. Admiral McRaven, a veteran of the covert world who had written a book on American Special Operations, spent weeks working with the CIA on the operation, and came up with three options: a helicopter assault using U.S. Navy SEALs, a strike with B-2 bombers that would obliterate the compound, or a joint raid with Pakistani intelligence operatives who would be told about the mission hours before the launch."^[17] The day before the assault, President Obama "took a break from rehearsing for the White House Correspondents Dinner that night to call Admiral McRaven, to wish him luck".^[17] A June 2013 Freedom of Information request revealed that on May 13, 2011, McRaven sent email titled "OPSEC Guidance / Neptune Spear" that instructed redacted recipients that "all photos [of UBL's remains] should have been turned over to the CIA; if you still have them destroy them immediately" or "get them to" a recipient whose identity was redacted.^[18][19]

In December 2011, McRaven was runner-up for Time Person of the Year for his role in the operation.^[20]

Retirement from the military

In June 2014, it was announced that Admiral McRaven had his request for retirement approved after a 37-year career.^[21] Admiral McRaven retired from the U.S. Navy on 1 September 2014. During the last few years of his career he was also Bull Frog, the longest serving Navy SEAL still on duty, having succeeded his SOCOM predecessor Eric T. Olson in the title.^[22][23]

The University of Texas System (UT System) Chancellor

Admiral McRaven was selected the lone finalist for the chancellor of the University of Texas System on July 29, 2014.^[24][25] McRaven began this role in January 2015.^[26]

On December 15, 2017, McRaven announced that he is stepping down from the role of Chancellor in 2018.^[27]

Dispute with President Trump

In August 2018, McRaven expressed support for former CIA Director John O. Brennan, whose security clearance had recently been revoked by the Trump Administration. He authored an open letter to President Donald Trump in The Washington Post entitled "Revoke my security clearance, too, Mr. President", in which he affirmed his regard for Brennan, his former colleague, and offered criticism of the decisions and personal behavior of President Trump.^[28] McRaven said of Brennan, "He is a man of unparalleled integrity, whose honesty and character have never been in question ... except by those who don't know him." Of Trump, McRaven wrote, "Through your actions, you have embarrassed us in the eyes of our children, humiliated us on the world stage and, worst of all, divided us as a nation."^[29]

In a November 18, 2018, interview on Fox News, Chris Wallace mentioned McRaven's name. Trump retorted twice, "Hillary Clinton fan" and accused McRaven of being a fan of former President Barack Obama. McRaven later told CNN, "I did not back Hillary Clinton or anyone else. I am a fan of President Obama and President George W. Bush, both of whom I worked for. I admire all presidents, regardless of their political party, who uphold the dignity of the office and who use that office to bring the nation together in challenging times."^[30] One media source noted that Trump's ire seemed to be rooted in "McRaven’s criticism that the president’s rhetoric toward the press is the 'greatest threat to democracy' in his lifetime".^[31]

Personal life

McRaven is the son of a career Air Force officer.^[32] McRaven is married to Georgeann Brady McRaven.^[33] They have three children.^[34]

McRaven attended the 2012 White House Correspondents' Association Dinner as the guest of his fifth grade classmate, Karen Tumulty.^[35]

Awards and decorations

Award ribbons and badges

Award and badge names

Bibliography

• {{cite book |last=McRaven |first=William H. |title=Spec Ops: Case Studies in Special Operations Warfare Theory and Practice |publisher=Presidio Press |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-89141-544-2}} (Paperback: {{ISBN|978-0-89141-600-5}})
• {{cite book |last=McRaven |first=William H. |title=Make Your Bed: Little Things That Can Change Your Life...And Maybe the World |publisher=Grand Central Publishing |year=2017 |isbn=978-1455570249}}

In media

• Dirty Wars, a 2013 American documentary, includes McRaven revisiting the site and survivors of the Khataba raid to apologize.
• His [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pxBQLFLei70 2014 commencement address] for the University of Texas at Austin received over 7,000,000 views on YouTube.^[36][37][38]
• He was portrayed by Christopher Stanley in the 2012 film Zero Dark Thirty.
• McRaven is mentioned in "Betrayed: The Shocking True Story of Extortion 17 as told by a Navy SEAL's Father" by Billy Vaughn, which is about the death of SEAL team 6 members involved in Operation Neptune spear.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}

References

External links

• {{C-SPAN|William McRaven}}

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