| 词条 | William Kilpatrick Stewart |
| 释义 |
|name= William Kilpatrick Stewart |image= |image_size= |alt= |caption= |nickname= |birth_date= {{birth date|1913|06|28|df=yes}} |birth_place= Hamilton, Lanarkshire, Scotland |death_date= {{death date and age|1967|05|02|1913|06|28|df=yes}} |death_place= RAF Hospital Uxbridge, England |placeofburial= |allegiance= United Kingdom |branch= Royal Air Force |serviceyears= 1939–1967 |rank= Air Vice Marshal |unit= |commands= RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine |battles= Second World War |awards= Companion of the Order of the Bath Commander of the Order of the British Empire Air Force Cross |relations= |laterwork= }} Air Vice Marshal William Kilpatrick Stewart, {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100|sep=,|CB|CBE|AFC|QHP}} (28 June 1913 – 2 May 1967) was a Scottish researcher in aerospace physiology; senior consultant in physiology to the Royal Air Force, and commanding officer of the RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine. Early life and educationWilliam Kilpatrick Stewart was born the son of Dr. John Stewart at Hamilton, Lanarkshire. He attended Hamilton Academy.[1][2] After the Academy, Stewart matriculated at Glasgow University, graduating in medicine in 1936. CareerAfter appointments in Glasgow Western Infirmary, Stewart became MRC Research Fellow at the University of Cambridge, working under Lord Adrian and Sir Bryan Matthews. Joining the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in 1939, he was appointed to the RAF Physiology Laboratory at Farnborough in 1940. During the Second World War, Stewart was to conduct original research into the physiological effects of acceleration and deceleration, extreme heat and cold and decompression, and was engaged in the design of the ejector seat, G suits and oxygen systems. He had a Gloster Gladiator aircraft converted into a flying mini-laboratory, and he himself flew some 300 test flights, using himself as a 'guinea pig' in his research. He was awarded the Air Force Cross in 1941.[3] Following the end of the Second World War, Stewart was instrumental in the successful establishment and operation of the RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine at Farnborough, and in 1946 was appointed its commanding officer. He was also an honorary lecturer in aviation physiology at the University of Glasgow.[4] Honours, death and legacyIn 1956, Stewart was awarded the Sir Charles Wakefield Gold Medal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, and in 1961 the Theodore C. Lyster award of the Aerospace Medical Association of the United States. Stewart was invested as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1953, Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1964 and appointed an Honorary Physician to HM Queen Elizabeth II on 5 July 1966. He died, at the RAF Hospital Uxbridge, England, 2 May 1967. In 1969 the Stewart Lecture at the Royal Aeronautical Society, London, was established in his memory.[5][6][7][8] References1. ^Glasgow Herald article 26 Jan. 1967 {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Stewart, William Kilpatrick}}2. ^Article, Evening Times 3 February 1965 3. ^ The London Gazette 1 July 1941, announcement of award of the Air Force Cross – William Kilpatrick Stewart. Retrieved 4 September 2011 4. ^ British Medical Journal, obituary article 13 May 1967 citing career. Retrieved 4 September 2011 5. ^Glasgow Herald, obituary article, 'Air Vice-Marshal Dies at 53' – William Stewart. Published 4 May 1967 6. ^Saskatoon Phoenix-Star (Canada) article 'Queen's physician dies.' 4 May 1967 7. ^ Royal Aeronautical Society, named lectures – Stewart Lecture. Retrieved 19 January 2011 8. ^ Yorkshire aircraft site. Bio, AVM William Stewart. Retrieved 19 January 2011 13 : 1913 births|1967 deaths|Academics of the University of Cambridge|Alumni of the University of Glasgow|Commanders of the Order of the British Empire|Companions of the Order of the Bath|People educated at Hamilton Academy|People from Hamilton, South Lanarkshire|Recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Royal Air Force air marshals|Royal Air Force Medical Service officers|Royal Air Force personnel of World War II|Scottish physiologists |
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