“William McNaught (Glasgow)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

William McNaught (Glasgow)

释义

Family
Engine building
McNaught'ed beam engines
References

{{For|the engineer of the same name from Rochdale|William McNaught (Rochdale)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}William McNaught (1813–1881)^[1] was a Scottish engineer, from Glasgow, who patented a compound steam engine in 1845. This was a technique of improving the efficiency of a standard simple Boulton & Watt beam engine. The engine was compounded by adding a high-pressure cylinder between the support column and the flywheel, on the side opposite the low-pressure cylinder. This improvement could be retrospectively fitted to existing engines.^[2]

Family

William McNaught was born on 27 May 1813 at Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, son of John McNaught, the inventor of the McNaught indicator.

Engine building

McNaught patented his compound steam engine in 1845 (Patent no. 11001).^[1] He relocated to Manchester in 1849.

The Robertson Street workshop was operated by William McNaught & Son as "Makers of Steam-Engine Indicators, Steam Gauges, etc" at 12 Hampden Terrace, Glasgow, at least until 1895.^[3]

MacNaught died in Chorlton upon Medlock, Manchester, on 8 January 1881, leaving two sons who carried on the business. He was buried in Glasgow.^[1]

McNaught'ed beam engines

A beam engine might run at {{convert|5|psi|kPa|abbr=on}}, using one low-pressure cylinder steamed by an 1840 wagon boiler,^[4] but when McNaught'ed the new high-pressure cylinder could run at over {{convert|60|psi|kPa|abbr=on}}, which the then-new Lancashire boiler could produce. In addition the stress on the centre of the beam was substantially reduced, and stress on the crank pin slightly reduced. This was important in preventing beam failure.^[2]

Many engine makers McNaughted existing beam engines, including William McNaught of Rochdale, as the thermodynamic (and fuel efficiency) benefits of high-pressure steam were beginning to be understood.^[5]

Bolton Steam Museum displays a McNaughtt'ed beam engine. The Cellars Clough mill engine was McNaughte'd by Woodhouse and Mitchell of Brighouse in 1909.

References

Notes

1. ^¹²{{Harvnb|Hills|2004}}
2. ^¹{{Harvnb|Hills|1993|p=157}}
3. ^1895 Glasgow Post Office Directory
4. ^{{Harvnb|Hills|1993|p=126}}
5. ^{{Harvnb|Hills|1993|pp=162,172}}

Bibliography

{{Citation|last=Hills|first=Richard Leslie

|authorlink=Richard L. Hills
|title=Power from Steam: A History of the Stationary Steam Engine |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1993|edition=paperback|pages=244|isbn= 9780521458344|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t6TLOQBhd0YC|accessdate=January 2009|ref=harv}}

{{Citation|last=Hills | first=Richard L.

|authorlink=Richard L. Hills
|title=McNaught, William (1813–1881)| work= Oxford Dictionary of National Biography| publisher=Oxford University Press | date=Sep 2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/37724 |accessdate=15 June 2010|ref=harv}} (Online version requires subscription)

{{citation|url=http://oneguyfrombarlick.co.uk/ltp/Interviews/TAPE%2079AG13.htm|title=Lancashire Textile Project|last=Pickles|first=Newton|last2=Graham |first2=Stanley|date=19 June 1979|work=Tape 79/AG/13|publisher=Stanley Graham, Barnoldswick|contribution=McNaught|accessdate=15 June 2010}}

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。