| 词条 | William Schouler |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = William Schouler | honorific-suffix = | image = William Schouler.jpg | alt = | state_house = | district = | term_start = | term_end = | predecessor = | successor = | prior_term = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth date|1814|12|31}} | birth_place = Kilbarchan, Scotland, United Kingdom | death_date = {{death date and age|1872|10|24|1814|12|31}} | death_place = Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, United States | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | citizenship = | nationality = American | party = | otherparty = | spouse = | partner = | relations = | children = | parents = | residence = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = journalist, statesman | profession = | known_for = | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | religion = }} William Schouler (December 31, 1814 – October 24, 1872) was an American journalist, politician and Adjutant General of Massachusetts during the American Civil War. Early lifeSchouler was born on December 31, 1814 in Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire, Scotland. He immigrated to the United States as a young child. His father had set up a silk print-works establishment on Staten Island and later established a similar business in Arlington, Massachusetts, where Schouler spent most of his childhood. Journalist and politicianIn 1842, Schouler became the owner and editor of the Lowell Courier for the next six years. Also during this time he served as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from Lowell. In 1845, Schouler headed a commission that investigated mill conditions in Lowell and recommended against a proposal to shorten the work day to ten hours.[1] The uproar over Schouler's position led to his defeat in the next election.[2] Schouler moved to Boston in 1848, where he became part-owner of the Atlas. He also served as a member of the State House from Boston. Schouler was a delegate at the 1853 Massachusetts State Constitutional Convention, where he expressed the view that corporations were merely devices for people to avoid paying debts.[3] Later in 1853, Schouler moved to Ohio. He became the editor for the Cincinnati Gazette and later the Ohio State Journal. In 1855 he was appointed Adjutant-General of Ohio by Salmon P. Chase. Return to Massachusetts and the Civil WarIn 1858, Schouler moved back to Boston and in 1860 he was appointed Adjutant General of Massachusetts. He remained Adjutant General throughout all of the U.S. Civil War until 1867. In 1864, Schouler brought attention to Lydia Bixby, a Boston widow who lost several sons in the war; leading President Lincoln to write a moving letter of condolence to her.[4] Schouler later served one term in the Massachusetts State Senate.[5] He also wrote the two volume History of Massachusetts in the Civil War. Schouler died on October 24, 1872 at his home near Boston.[5] References1. ^David R. Roediger and Philip Sheldon Foner. On Our Own Time: A History of American Labor and the Working Day 1989. p. 56 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/sarah-bagley-champion-new-england-mill-girls/|title=Sarah Bagley Avenges the New England Mill Girls - New England Historical Society|date=2014-04-19|website=New England Historical Society|language=en-US|access-date=2016-05-16}} 3. ^Eric Foner. Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men. p. 22-23 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/abrahamlincolnwi00bull#page/n9/mode/2up|title=Abraham Lincoln and the Widow Bixby|last=Bullard|first=F. Lauriston|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=1946|isbn=|location=New Brunswick|pages=13–28}} 5. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=990CE0DD173BE53BBC4D51DFB6678389669FDE|title=Gen. William Schouler|date=25 October 1872|newspaper=The New York Times|department=Obituary|issn=0362-4331|access-date=29 April 2016}} External links
11 : 1814 births|1872 deaths|Scottish emigrants to the United States|People from Arlington, Massachusetts|Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives|Massachusetts state senators|19th-century American journalists|Adjutants General of Massachusetts|American male journalists|19th-century American male writers|19th-century American politicians |
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