| 词条 | Neskaupstaður |
| 释义 |
|name = Neskaupstaður |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Town |motto = |image_skyline = Neskaupstadur-7.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = View of Neskaupstaður |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_map = Fjardabyggd map.png |mapsize = |map_caption = Location of the Municipality of Fjarðabyggð |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = Iceland |pushpin_label_position = left |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Iceland |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Iceland}} |subdivision_type1 = Constituency[1] |subdivision_name1 = Northeast Constituency |subdivision_type2 = Region[2] |subdivision_name2 = Eastern Region |subdivision_type3 = Municipality |subdivision_name3 = Fjarðabyggð |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2016 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 1,481 |population_density_km2 = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |timezone = GMT |utc_offset = +0 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|65|09|N|13|42|W|region:IS|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = {{official website|http://www.fjardabyggd.is/Neskaupstadur/}} |footnotes = }} Neskaupstaður is a town located on the fjord Norðfjörður on the eastern side of Iceland. It is part of the municipality of Fjarðabyggð and, as of 2016, it has a population of 1,481. Neskaupstaður is the third largest town in Eastern Region. The town was originally built on a farm called "Nes", settled by Egill rauði ("the red"). The town's location places it farther north than Alaskan cities of Anchorage and Fairbanks. The town was also known as "Little Moscow" in the past for its strong socialist background. HistoryUntil 1949, the town was only accessible by boat. Now it is connected through a 626-meter long single-lane tunnel that passes through the Oddskard mountains. The tunnel is 632 meters above the sea level. The tunnel was built between 1974-1977. The tunnel is now closed. The town is now connected with newer 7900-meter tunnels, the biggest in the country. The building of an aluminum smelter and a new hydroelectric power-plant in East Iceland in 2003 reinvigorated the local economy. Neskaupstaður joined Eskifjörður and Reyðarfjörður in 1998 to form the new municipality of Fjarðabyggð ("fjords-settlement"). GeographyThe other villages composing the municipality are: Eskifjörður (1,043 inh.), Fáskrúðsfjörður (662 inh.), Mjóifjörður (35 inh.), Reyðarfjörður (1,102 inh.) and Stöðvarfjörður (203 inh.).[4] Climate{{Weather box|location= Neskaupstaður (1981-2000) |metric first= Yes |single line= Yes |Jan record high C = 16.0 |Feb record high C = 13.3 |Mar record high C = 14.0 |Apr record high C = 20.1 |May record high C = 21.2 |Jun record high C = 24.7 |Jul record high C = 27.4 |Aug record high C = 25.1 |Sep record high C = 24.5 |Oct record high C = 21.7 |Nov record high C = 20.2 |Dec record high C = 14.3 |Jan high C= 3.1 |Feb high C= 3.0 |Mar high C= 3.0 |Apr high C= 4.4 |May high C= 7.9 |Jun high C= 10.9 |Jul high C= 13.2 |Aug high C=12.8 |Sep high C= 9.9 |Oct high C= 6.5 |Nov high C= 4.3 |Dec high C= 3.0 |Jan mean C= 0.4 |Feb mean C= 0.2 |Mar mean C= 0.5 |Apr mean C= 1.8 |May mean C= 5.0 |Jun mean C= 7.9 |Jul mean C= 10.2 |Aug mean C= 9.9 |Sep mean C= 7.3 |Oct mean C= 4.0 |Nov mean C= 1.8 |Dec mean C= 0.5 |Jan low C= -2.7 |Feb low C= -2.6 |Mar low C= -2.6 |Apr low C= -0.8 |May low C= 2.0 |Jun low C= 4.7 |Jul low C= 7.1 |Aug low C= 7.0 |Sep low C= 4.7 |Oct low C= 1.4 |Nov low C= -1.0 |Dec low C= -2.4 |Jan record low C = -15.6 |Feb record low C = -12.8 |Mar record low C = -16.6 |Apr record low C = -11.9 |May record low C = -6.6 |Jun record low C = -2.6 |Jul record low C = 0.0 |Aug record low C = 1.1 |Sep record low C = -4.1 |Oct record low C = -8.8 |Nov record low C = -9.6 |Dec record low C = -12.2 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 217.7 |Feb precipitation mm = 159.5 |Mar precipitation mm = 176.1 |Apr precipitation mm = 102.4 |May precipitation mm = 79.8 |Jun precipitation mm = 77.1 |Jul precipitation mm = 75.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 115.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 193.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 269.7 |Nov precipitation mm = 210.4 |Dec precipitation mm = 187.6 |source = Icelandic Met Office[5]}} The 1974 AvalanchesOn 20 December 20, 1974, avalanches came from the entire mountainside above the town, killing 12 people. Intense snowfall had been reported in the area over the previous few days. Along with the snow came a strong wind that apparently loosened the snow that had fallen on the mountains. According to some accounts, the first small-scale avalanche actually occurred on 19 December; however, due to low visibility, no-one noticed it. Since the time of the deadly avalanches, a number of protective barriers have been installed with the aim of avoiding future avalanches. Prior to the 1974 avalanche, in 1885 and 1894, two other avalanches had been recorded, with the former causing several deaths in two farms. EconomySíldarvinnslan h/f operates one of the most advanced fish processing plants in Europe, it mainly produces fish for human consumption. The company and its partners operate in five locations in Iceland and in the USA and Greenland. The company along with partners employ about 220 workers, and the 2010 revenue was USD 128 million. TourismThe Museum House (Safnahúsið) located in the center of the town (Egilsbraut 2) houses an art gallery, a natural history museum and a maritime museum under one roof. The art gallery displays a number of paintings by Tryggvi Ólafsson - one of Iceland's most celebrated contemporary artists. The natural history museum hosts an interesting collection of Icelandic mammals, shellfish, birds, insect and stones. The maritime museum houses a number of finishing and boat related old equipment from Josafat Hinriksson family. A small replica of Josafat's workshop is also an interesting part of the museum. The Museum House is open between 1:00 pm and 5:00 pm during June 1 and August 31. Nordfjardarnipais and the surrounding area became Iceland's first official national park in 1972. Nordfjardarnipais separates Nordfjordur from Mjoifjordur. The town hosts a three-day metal, hardcore, punk, rock and indie music festival, Eistnaflug, in July. The festival started as a small one day metal festival in 2005 but has since grown significantly. According to a local estimate, approximately 2,000 people attended the festival in 2015. Most of the attendees put up tents at the end of the town. Nearest airport is Egilsstaðir, about 74 km by road. The main carrier is Air Iceland with flights to Reykjavík. Notable NativesTryggvi Ólafsson one of Iceland's best known contemporary artists was born here in 1940. He studied art at the National College of Arts and Crafts in Reykjavik before going to the National Academy Art Academy in Copenhagen. In popular cultureThe 2002 Icelandic movie Hafið (The Sea) was filmed almost entirely in and around Neskaupstaður. Twin towns
PhotogalleryReferences1. ^Political division 2. ^Mainly statistical division 3. ^ 4. ^{{is icon}} Infos on Fjarðabyggð municipal website {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110325024139/http://fjardabyggd.is/Forsida/ |date=2011-03-25 }} 5. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.vedur.is/Medaltalstoflur-txt/Stod_625_Neskaupstadur_vedurfarsstod.ManMedal.txt|title=Monthly Temperature and Precipitation Averages for Neskaupstaður|publisher=Icelandic Meteorological Office |accessdate=4 June 2016}} External links{{commons category}}
1 : Populated places in Eastern Region (Iceland) |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。