| 词条 | William Wilkins (American politician) |
| 释义 |
|name = William Wilkins |image = William Wilkins United States Senator - Brady-Handy.jpg |office = 19th United States Secretary of War |president = John Tyler |term_start = February 15, 1844 |term_end = March 4, 1845 |predecessor = James Madison Porter |successor = William L. Marcy |office1 = Chair of the House Judiciary Committee |term_start1 = 1843 |term_end1 = 1844 |predecessor1 = Daniel D. Barnard |successor1 = Romulus Mitchell Saunders |state2 = Pennsylvania |district2 = {{ushr|PA|21|21st}} |term_start2 = March 4, 1843 |term_end2 = February 14, 1844 |predecessor2 = Thomas McKennan |successor2 = Cornelius Darragh |office3 = United States Minister to Russia |president3 = Andrew Jackson |term_start3 = December 14, 1834 |term_end3 = December 24, 1835 |predecessor3 = James Buchanan |successor3 = John Randolph Clay {{small|(Acting)}} |jr/sr4 = United States Senator |state4 = Pennsylvania |term_start4 = March 4, 1831 |term_end4 = June 30, 1834 |predecessor4 = William Marks |successor4 = James Buchanan |office5 = Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania |appointer5 = James Monroe |term_start5 = May 12, 1824 |term_end5 = April 14, 1831 |predecessor5 = Jonathan Hoge Walker |successor5 = Thomas Irwin |birth_date = {{birth date|1779|12|20}} |birth_place = Carlisle, Pennsylvania, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|1865|6|23|1779|12|20}} |death_place = Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. |party = Democratic |education = University of Pittsburgh Dickinson College {{small|(BA)}} }} William Wilkins (December 20, 1779{{spaced ndash}}June 23, 1865) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. During his career, he served in both houses of the Pennsylvania State Legislature, and in all three branches of the United States federal government, including service as a United States federal judge, as a member of both the House and Senate, and as a cabinet member. Early life, education, and careerWilliam Wilkins was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania on December 20, 1779. He attended the Pittsburgh Academy, the forerunner of the University of Pittsburgh,[1] read law in 1801 and graduated from Dickinson College in 1802. He was in private practice in Pittsburgh from 1801 to 1806, then in Lexington, Kentucky from 1806 to 1807, and again in Pittsburgh from 1808 to 1815. He was President, Pittsburgh City Council from 1816 to 1819. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1819 to 1820. Judicial serviceWilkins became a judge of the Fifth Judicial District of Pennsylvania in 1820, serving until 1824. On May 10, 1824, Wilkins was nominated by President James Monroe to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania vacated by Jonathan Hoge Walker. Wilkins was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 12, 1824, and received his commission the same day. He resigned on April 14, 1831, to begin his own term of service in the United States Senate. Career in national politicsA Jacksonian, he was a United States Senator from Pennsylvania from 1831 to 1834. In the election of 1832, Wilkins received 30 electoral votes from Pennsylvania for the Vice Presidency (the other 189 votes went to the official party nominee, Martin Van Buren). Additionally, he was elected to Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district for the 21st United States Congress to start on March 4, 1929, but resigned before assuming office. From 1834 to 1835 Wilkins was Minister to Russia. After returning to private practice in Pittsburgh from 1836 to 1842, he was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives, serving from 1843 until resigning in 1844. He resigned to accept appointment as U.S. Secretary of War under President John Tyler. Later lifeIn 1845, Willkins returned to the private practice of law in Pittsburgh. He was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1855 to 1857, and was in private practice of law in Pittsburgh until his death, in 1865. Wilkins died in 1865 in Homewood, near Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pa, and was buried in the Homewood Cemetery there. Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania is named after him. His brother John Wilkins, Jr. served as a Major General in the United States Army. His nephew, Ross Wilkins, was a notable jurist in Michigan. Wilkins is the namesake of Wilkins Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania,[2] while the town of Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania is named after his aforementioned brother. Notes1. ^{{cite book | url=http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=pittmiscpubs;idno=00afj8718m;view=image;seq=71 | page=45 | first=Agnes Lynch | last=Starrett | publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press | location=Pittsburgh, PA | year=1937 | title=Through one hundred and fifty years: the University of Pittsburgh | accessdate=August 1, 2013}} 2. ^{{cite news | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=a4NIAAAAIBAJ&sjid=G24DAAAAIBAJ&pg=2867%2C2505444 | title=Town names carry a little bit of history | work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | date=May 10, 1984 | accessdate=26 May 2015 | author=Porter, Thomas J. Jr. | pages=1}} References
External links
|-{{s-par|us-sen}}{{s-bef|before=William Marks}}{{s-ttl|title=U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Pennsylvania|years=1831–1834|alongside=Isaac D. Barnard, George M. Dallas, Samuel McKean}}{{s-aft|after=James Buchanan}} |-{{s-bef|before=William L. Marcy}}{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee|years=1832–1833}}{{s-aft|after=John M. Clayton}} |-{{s-bef|before=John Forsyth}}{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee|years=1833–1834}}{{s-aft|after=Henry Clay}} |-{{s-dip}}{{s-bef|before=James Buchanan}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Minister to Russia|years=1834–1835}}{{s-aft|after=John Randolph Clay {{small|Acting}}}} |-{{s-par|us-hs}}{{s-bef|before=Thomas McKennan}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district|years=1843–1844}}{{s-aft|after=Cornelius Darragh}} |-{{s-bef|before=Daniel D. Barnard}}{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the House Judiciary Committee|years=1843–1844}}{{s-aft|after=Romulus Saunders}} |-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=James Madison Porter}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Secretary of War|years=1844–1845}}{{s-aft|after=William L. Marcy}} |-{{s-hon}}{{s-bef|before=Littleton Tazewell}}{{s-ttl|title=Oldest living U.S. Senator|years=1860–1865}}{{s-aft|after=Henry Dodge}}{{s-end}}{{USSenPA}}{{USSecWar}}{{US Ambassadors to Russia}}{{SenForeignRelationsCommitteeChairmen}}{{SenJudiciaryCommitteeChairs}}{{US House Judiciary chairs}}{{Tyler cabinet}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wilkins, William}} 25 : 1779 births|1865 deaths|Dickinson College alumni|University of Pittsburgh alumni|Judges of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania|Members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania state senators|People from Carlisle, Pennsylvania|Politicians from Pittsburgh|United States Secretaries of War|United States Senators from Pennsylvania|Ambassadors of the United States to Russia|United States federal judges appointed by James Monroe|19th-century American judges|1832 United States vice-presidential candidates|Pennsylvania Democratic-Republicans|Pennsylvania Democrats|Democratic-Republican Party United States Senators|Tyler administration cabinet members|19th-century American politicians|19th-century American diplomats|Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives|Burials at Homewood Cemetery|United States federal judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law |
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