“Wiltshire Museum”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Wiltshire Museum, formerly known as Wiltshire Heritage Museum and Devizes Museum, is a museum, archive and library and art gallery in Devizes, Wiltshire, England. The museum was established and is still run by, the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society (WANHS), a registered charity founded in 1853. After the purchase of an old grammar school the museum was opened in 1873. Subsequently, it expanded into two Georgian houses on either side and still occupies this location today.^[1]

The museum maintains a collection covering the archaeology, art, history and natural history of Wiltshire. This collection covers periods of history from as far back as the Palaeolithic and also includes Neolithic, Bronze Age, Roman, Saxon, Mediaeval and more recent historical artefacts.^[2] Among the prehistoric collections are items from the Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site.^[3] Several of the collections have been designated as being a significant part of England’s cultural heritage.^[3]

One of the most important collections at the museum is the finds from Bush Barrow, an early Bronze Age burial mound in Stonehenge World Heritage Site. The barrow was excavated by William Cunnington in 1808 and produced the richest and most important finds from a Bronze Age grave in the Stonehenge Landscape to date. The finds were acquired by the museum in 1883 and were displayed there until 1922 when they were indefinitely loaned to the British Museum. After a controversial restoration of the largest piece that may not reflect its original finish, the pieces were returned to Devizes in 1985.^[4] They are on display in the Gold from the Time of Stonehenge exhibition, opened in 2013.^[5]

The natural history collection includes remains of a plesiosaur called Bathyspondylus found at Swindon in 1774. Bathyspondylus swindoniensis was first described in 1982 from the Museum's specimens.^[6]

In 2010 the Museum ran a community bus service, the Henge Hopper, linking Avebury with Amesbury and Stonehenge.^[7]

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1. ^{{cite web|title=About Wiltshire Museum|url=http://www.wiltshiremuseum.org.uk/about/|publisher=Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society|accessdate=26 August 2015}}
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Crooks|first1=Jill|title=Wiltshire museum bids to shed stuffy image|url=http://www.thisiswiltshire.co.uk/news/headlines/4225172.Wiltshire_museum_bids_to_shed_stuffy_image/|website=This is Wiltshire|accessdate=20 October 2015|date=23 March 2009}}
3. ^¹{{cite press release |title=Designated Collections 2008 |url=http://www.mla.gov.uk/resources/assets//D/designation_list_july08_13493.pdf |publisher=The Museums, Libraries and Archives Council |date=July 2008 |accessdate=2008-10-22}}
4. ^{{cite book|last1=Caple|first1=Chris|author1-link=Chris Caple|title=Conservation Skills: Judgement, Method and Decision Making|date=2000|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0415188814}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=Stonehenge period gold on display at Wiltshire Heritage Museum|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-wiltshire-24519846|website=BBC News|accessdate=20 October 2015|date=14 October 2013}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/ples.html|title= Plesiosauria Translation and Pronunciation Guide at dinosauria.com |accessdate=29 October 2009}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=Bus from Avebury to Devizes circles historic sites|url=http://www.gazetteandherald.co.uk/news/towns/marlboroughheadlines/9009111.Bus_from_Avebury_to_Devizes_circles_historic_sites/|website=Gazette & Herald|accessdate=20 October 2015|location=Marlborough|date=5 May 2011}}

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