| 词条 | Neve Dekalim |
| 释义 |
|pushpin_map=Israel gaza |pushpin_mapsize= 250 |pushpin_label_position= |coordinates = {{coord|31|21|24|N|34|16|30|E|display=inline,title}} |name= Neve Dekalim |image= Gush Katif-N-Dekalim02.jpg |caption= |imgsize= 250 |hebname={{Hebrew|נְוֵה דְּקָלִים}} |arname= |stdHeb= |altOffSp= |altUnoSp= |meaning= |foundation= 1983 |founded_by= |district= |council= |affiliation= |population=2,600 |popyear= |area_dunam= |website= }}Neve Dekalim ({{lang-he|נְוֵה דְּקָלִים}}) (lit. "Oasis of Palms") was an Israeli settlement and a community in the Gush Katif settlement bloc in the Gaza Strip. It was founded in 1983 after the Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula. Neve Dekalim served as a regional center for the Gush Katif region and was the seat of the Hof Aza Regional Council. It was located between the Khan Yunis Palestinian refugee camp and the Mediterranean Sea.[1] Neve Dekalim was evacuated in August 2005 as part of Israel's unilateral disengagement plan. It was turned into a training camp by Hamas, which described it as a "military training camp for martyrs."[2] HistoryThe population consisted of about 520 families (2,600 people), mainly Orthodox Jews. It was the largest Jewish settlement in the Gaza Strip and a major commercial center for the region.[3] The Gush Katif industrial zone was located in Neve Dekalim.[4] The 10-acre Katifari Zoo housed hundreds of snakes, birds and other animals.[5] From the Second Intifada until its evacuation in 2005, Gaza militants fired some 6,000 mortars and Qassam rockets at Neve Dekalim.[6] In July 2005, shortly before the disengagement plan was implemented, two people were injured by mortar fire.[7] Evacuation and withdrawalThe evacuation of Neve Dekalim began on August 15, as part of the Israel unilateral disengagement plan, and was completed on 18 August.[8] The residents were given 48 hours to leave. Those who refused to evacuate barricaded themselves in the synagogue, but were forcibly removed by the Israel Defense Forces and the Israel Police.[9] The homes were bulldozed after the withdrawal on August 14, leaving only the greenhouses, which were part of a transaction in which private American citizens bought them for the Palestinians.[2] The donors spent $14 million on the purchase.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} Former World Bank President James Wolfensohn put up $500,000 of his own cash.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} Despite the presence of Palestinian security guards, dozens of greenhouses were looted by Palestinians, who emptied them of irrigation hoses, water pumps and plastic sheeting.[10] Marching through the abandoned town in a "victory parade," thousands of masked Hamas gunmen fired in the air and trampled an Israeli flag.[11] Hamas turned the site into a barbed-wire enclosed training camp from which Qassam rockets were launched into Israel.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} It was the largest Jewish settlement in the Gaza Strip.[3] Signs posted in Arabic state that it is a "closed military zone." Mahmoud al-Zahar, chief of Hamas said that Hamas planned to launch attacks that would drive Jews out of the West Bank and the entire state.[2] In 2010, the site of Neve Dekalim was mostly sand and rubble, with Palestinian trucks removing the last remnants of Jewish homes for use as construction material.[12] In Israel, former residents of the settlement established a new village, Bnei Dekalim. Literary referencesNeve Dekalim is featured in the movie Disengagement by Amos Gitai. Grains Of Sand: The Fall Of Neve Dekalim by Shifra Shomron, a former resident of Neve Dekalim, is a semi-autobiographical novel about an Israeli family evacuated from Gush Katif.[13] References1. ^{{cite news|title=Settlements seen across the divide|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4101140.stm|publisher=BBC|date=20 June 2005}} {{Former Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip}}2. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Klein|first=Aaron|title=Jewish Gaza capital 'Hamas terror camp'|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3171005,00.html|accessdate=1 April 2012|newspaper=Ynetnews|date=2005-11-18}} 3. ^1 Synagogues now firing zone 4. ^Jewish Gaza capital 'Hamas terror camp' 5. ^Israeli zoo poised to evacuate animals 6. ^Waiting for a miracle, The Economist 7. ^Violence flares up in Gaza Strip 8. ^CNN - Largest Gaza settlement evacuated, Israel says 9. ^Clashes, tears in Neve Dekalim 10. ^Looters strip Gaza greenhouses 11. ^Hamas celebrates Gaza pullout 12. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11002744 Settlers and Palestinians remember 2005 Gaza pullout] 13. ^[https://www.amazon.co.uk/Grains-Sand-Fall-Neve-Dekalim/dp/9657344190 Grains of Sand: The Fall of Neve Dekalim] 4 : Former Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip|Populated places established in 1983|Religious Israeli settlements|Villages depopulated during the Arab–Israeli conflict |
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