| 词条 | Wolfgang Fürstner |
| 释义 |
|name=Wolfgang Fürstner |birth_date={{birth date|1896|4|4|df=y}} |death_date= {{death date and age|1936|8|19|1896|4|4|df=y}} |death_place=Berlin |placeofburial=Invalidenfriedhof Berlin |image=Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2008-0122-500, Wolfgang Fürstner.jpg |caption=First Class Iron Cross on Fürstner's breast pocket lower right. |nickname= |allegiance={{flagicon|German Empire}} German Empire (to 1918) {{flagicon|Germany}} Weimar Republic (to 1933) {{flagicon|Nazi Germany}} Nazi Germany |branch=Heer (Army) |serviceyears= |rank= Hauptmann (Captain) |commands= |unit= |battles=World War I |awards=Olympic Medal First Class Iron Cross First Class |laterwork=}} Wolfgang Fürstner (4 April 1896 – 19 August 1936) was a German Wehrmacht captain first appointed commander, then vice-commander, of Berlin's Olympic village during the 1936 Summer Olympics. FamilyWolfgang Fürstner was married to Leonie von Schlick, daughter of Marie Gräfin von Reventlow and Albert Heinrich Hans Karl von Schlick (1874–1957), last commander of the World War I battlecruiser SMS Derfflinger.[1] Career and replacementAfter being tasked with building and organising the Olympic village, Fürstner was replaced by Lieutenant Colonel Werner Freiherr von und zu Gilsa in June 1936. Fürstner was demoted to local vice-commander. Officially Fürstner’s demotion was due to the fact that "Fürstner did not act with the necessary energy," because 370,000 visitors had poured through from the opening on the first of May to the 15th of June and caused damage. This explanation was a pretext to disparage Fürstner due to his background; Fürstner, along with fencer Helene Mayer and hockey star Rudi Ball, was one of the few people with Jewish ancestry connected with the 1936 Olympics.[2] The non-Jewish Werner von Gilsa was given Fürstner's position and promoted to General der Infanterie. Gilsa became the last Wehrmacht commandant of Dresden and committed suicide on 8 May 1945. Death and cover-upFürstner committed suicide with a pistol shot on 19 August 1936, three days after the end of the Games; he had been awarded the Olympic Medal First Class and had attended a banquet for his successor Gilsa. But Fürstner, a career officer, had learned that according to the Nuremberg Laws he was classified as a Jew and was to be dismissed from the Wehrmacht.[3] (His grandfather Dr. Karl Fürstner was a Jewish convert to Christianity.) In order to cover up Fürstner’s suicide and protect the international reputation of Germany, the Nazis said Fürstner’s death was the result of a car accident.[4] However, word of the cover up leaked out to foreign journalists who reported that he had shot himself. For example, The Sydney Morning Herald in Australia, reported he had been found dead with a gun by his side.[5] He was buried in the Invalidenfriedhof, section F, alongside the honoured dead of Germany’s wars.The grave was listed in the Official Berlin Invalidenfriedhof Guidebook (Der Invalidenfriedhof in Berlin – Ein Ehrenhain preußisch-deutscher Geschichte), which appeared between 1936 and 1940 in several editions. Restoration of graveA new stone marker for Fürstner's grave was donated by the German Olympic Committee and dedicated in June 2002 by the Committee President, Walther Tröger. The stone lists Fürstner as "Deputy Commandant of the Olympic Village 1936" (stellvertretender Kommandant des Olympischen Dorfes 1936). References1. ^Demps, Lawrence. Zwischen Mars und Minerva. Wegweiser über den Invalidenfriedhof. Verlag für Bauwesen, 1998 p 169. [https://books.google.com/books?id=s_PWAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s] 2. ^Lehrer, Steven. The Reich Chancellery and Führerbunker Complex. An Illustrated History of the Seat of the Nazi Regime. McFarland. Jefferson, NC 2006 pp 47-48. [https://books.google.com/books?id=i9GIAQAACAAJ&dq=lehrer+chancellery&ei=g_CpSeeyIIzSlQSm7qWVBA] 3. ^Susan D. Bachrach, The Nazi Olympics. NY: Little, Brown, p. 109. 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ovF3DAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&dq=Wolfgang%20F%C3%BCrstner&pg=PA216#v=onepage&q=Wolfgang%20&f=false|title=Hitler's Olympics: The Story of the 1936 Nazi Games|first=Anton |last=Rippon|publisher=Pen and Sword|year=2006|page=216|isbn=9781781597378}} 5. ^The Sydney Morning Herald, 21/8/1936 pp. 12. Bibliography
| last = Lehrer | first = Steven | title = Hitler Sites: A City-by-city Guidebook (Austria, Germany, France, United States) | publisher = McFarland | year = 2002 | pages = 224 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pAZoAAAAMAAJ&q=hitler+sites&dq=hitler+sites&ei=6vitSe2QJpXSlQTv24iYBQ&pgis=1 | isbn = 0-7864-1045-0}}
| last = Lehrer | first = Steven | title = The Reich Chancellery and Führerbunker Complex: An Illustrated History of the Seat of the Nazi Regime | publisher = McFarland | year = 2006 | pages = 214 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=i9GIAQAACAAJ&dq=lehrer+chancellery&ei=g_CpSeeyIIzSlQSm7qWVBA | isbn = 0-7864-2393-5}}
12 : 1896 births|1936 deaths|Nazi propaganda|German Jews|People from Berlin|History of the Olympic Village|Suicides in Germany|Burials at the Invalids' Cemetery|German military personnel who committed suicide|Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class|Suicides by firearm in Germany|People from the Province of Brandenburg |
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