| 词条 | World's Peace Jubilee and International Musical Festival |
| 释义 |
The World's Peace Jubilee and International Musical Festival of 1872 took place in the Back Bay area of Boston, Massachusetts. Patrick Sarsfield Gilmore directed the festival, which lasted some 18 days. The jubilee honored the ending of the Franco-Prussian War. Brief historyFor this well-publicized, high-profile, widely anticipated event, architect William G. Preston designed the "colosseum, with a seating capacity of 100,000, ...erected at a cost of half a million dollars."[1] J.H. Wilcox & Co. designed the 43-foot high pipe organ.[2] At opening ceremonies on June 17, 1872, before some 15,000 spectators, Phillips Brooks presented a prayer and Boston mayor William Gaston and Nathaniel Prentice Banks gave speeches. "Unfortunately the size of the building and the din of the workmen caused passages of the prayer and speeches to be inaudible."[3] Many musicians performed at the jubilee. During the festival "the bands of the Grenadier guards, from London, of the Garde republicaine, from Paris, of the Kaiser Franz regiment, from Berlin, and a band from Dublin, Ireland: with Johann Strauss, the waltz-king, Franz Abt, the German song-writer, and many famous soloists, vocal and instrumental, were among the foreign attractions."[1] One concert featured a "performance of Verdi's Il Trovatore by a 2,000-member orchestra, conducted by Johann Strauss, Jr., and 100 assistants, accompanied by a 20,000-voice chorus."[4] The members of the chorus came "from all parts of the Union,"[2] and were directed by Carl Zerrahn.[5] A new piece, titled Festival Hymn: Peace and Music, was composed for this Jubilee by American composer, Dudley Buck.[6] The Fisk University Jubilee Singers also gave a concert, the first time African American "singers [were] included in a big musical production" in the country.[7] Johann Strauss performed on violin: "All eyes were riveted upon the expressive face and the almost eloquent arm of Herr Strauss. Every ear was strained to catch a sound from the violin on which he ever and anon laid the bow with a passion and surety unexcelled. A storm of applause marked the conclusion of the waltz, which was at once re-demanded and heard anew."[3] Other performers included pianist Franz Bendel; vocalist Madame Rudersdorff; the United States Marine Band; Arabella Goddard;[3] and Madame Peschka-Leutner.[8] The jubilee provided au courant "Press and Telegraph Rooms ...furnished with all desirable accommodations for the members of the press, while the telegraphic facilities are ample for communicating with all parts of the world."[2] Despite enthusiastic audiences, the festival suffered financially, partly from lower-than-expected attendance, and partly from setbacks during construction of the building. Some attendees responded negatively to the experience overall: "The great, usurping, tyrannizing, noisy and pretentious thing is over, and there is a general feeling of relief, as if a heavy, brooding nightmare had been lifted from us all."[9] However, the enormousness of the 1872 international jubilee in terms of audience, publicity, and programming created a precedent which served to inspire similar festivals in later years. Music associated with the festival
ImagesSee also
References1. ^1 {{cite book |title=National cyclopaedia of American biography |chapter=Gilmore, Patrick Sarsfield |volume=3 |year=1893 |publisher=J.T. White |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2qsYAAAAIAAJ |accessdate=24 August 2009 }} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/id?G90F330_046F |title=Boston Coliseum |author= |year=1972 |work= |publisher=New York Public Library |accessdate=24 August 2009 }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=The Jubilee; Opening of the International Musical Festival in Boston |newspaper=New York Times |date=June 18, 1872 |page=1 }} 4. ^{{Citation |publisher = Northeastern University Press |isbn = 1555536212 |publication-place = Boston |title = When in Boston |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL3290630M/When_in_Boston |author = Jim Vrabel |publication-date = 2004 |id = 1555536212 }} (N.B. Vrabel transposes the orchestra and chorus counts). 5. ^{{Cite DAB|title=Zerrahn, Carl|author=John Tasker Howard|year=1936}} 6. ^Roger Hall. Angel of Peace: The Boston Peace Jubilees, 2010; p. 7. 7. ^Eileen Southern. Music of Black Americans. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1997. 8. ^{{Citation |publisher = E.P. Dutton & company |publication-place = New York |title = Recollections of an old musician |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL529126M/Recollections_of_an_old_musician |author = Thomas Ryan |publication-date = 1899 |oclc = 910187 }} 9. ^{{cite journal |year=1872 |journal=Dwight's Journal of Music |volume=32 |page=286 }} Quoted in: {{cite journal |author=Frank J. Cipolla |year=1988 |title=Patrick S. Gilmore: The Boston Years |journal=American Music |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=281–292 |doi=10.2307/3051884}} Further reading
External links{{commons category|World's Peace Jubilee (Boston)}}
9 : Cultural history of Boston|Festivals in Boston|Peace festivals|1872 in music|Former buildings and structures in Boston|1872 in the United States|Back Bay, Boston|19th century in Boston|1870s in Massachusetts |
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