“New Hampshire PBS”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

New Hampshire PBS (NHPBS), known as New Hampshire Public Television (NHPTV) prior to October 1, 2017, is a television company and public broadcasting state network in New Hampshire, licensed to New Hampshire Public Broadcasting (NHPB), an organization which holds the licenses to all of the PBS member stations licensed in the state, and is part of the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). Its studios are located just outside the University of New Hampshire campus in Durham, New Hampshire.

History

On July 6, 1959; UNH signed on WENH-TV, channel 11, as the first educational television station in New Hampshire and one of the first educational stations in New England outside Boston. In the late 1960s, several UHF satellite stations and translators signed-on in northern and western New Hampshire (see below). The operation was named the New Hampshire Network (NHN), adopting the New Hampshire Public Television name in 1976. In later years, NHPTV occasionally used its flagship station's channel number as its branding.

Initially broadcasting in black-and-white, NHPTV converted its Durham studio to color in 1972, with an increase in the number of locally produced programs taking effect at that time. Among local shows launched in the early 1970s were The State We're In, a nightly newscast focusing on state issues; A Time for Music, live performances by New England-based musicians; live coverage of most University of New Hampshire home men's hockey games; and Your Time, where representatives of nonprofit organizations were given a half-hour of airtime to showcase their organizations.

A Time for Music and Your Time (the latter later eventually renamed Public Access 11) stayed on the air for several years. The State We're In, later renamed Channel 11 News, went off the air in July 1981, while UNH men's hockey continued on NHPTV until 2008.

In 1981, steep budget cuts forced NHPTV to eliminate its nightly news show and to shut down its satellite transmitters in Hanover and Berlin.

After Channel 11 News went off the air in 1981, New Hampshire Journal, a lower-budget weekly news review was launched; that same year, a feature magazine series titled New Hampshire Crossroads premiered; its original host was Tom Bergeron. The latter series was allowed to go ahead despite the 1981 budget cuts because it had received funding from outside sources. Since the hockey games were also funded by outside underwriters, they too were allowed to continue. The winter of 1984 saw the premiere of NHPTV's long-running academic quiz show Granite State Challenge. Originally hosted by Bergeron, it is now hosted by Jim Jeanotte, who also did many years of play-by-play for NHPTV's UNH hockey coverage.

On October 1, 2017, NHPTV changed its name to New Hampshire PBS. The change also affected the network's five channel names, which were updated to reflect the new NHPBS brand.^[1]

Digital television

Digital channels

Analog-to-digital conversion

NHPTV's stations shut down their analog signals on February 17, 2009, the original date in which full-power television stations in the United States were to transition from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate (which was later pushed back to June 12, 2009).^[5]

Programming

Because New Hampshire is split between the Boston, Portland, Maine and Burlington, Vermont/Plattsburgh, New York markets, nearly all NHPBS viewers also receive another PBS station on cable or satellite (in some cases more than one). For much of its history, NHPTV/NHPBS elected to differentiate its program schedule for the other PBS stations in the market. Generally, NHPTV's broadcast of PBS programs and series did not air on the same day and time as they do on Boston's WGBH-TV, MPBN, Vermont PBS or WCFE-TV in Plattsburgh.

Production of most local programs, except for Wildlife Journal, was discontinued in June 2011 because NHPTV lost all of its funding from the State of New Hampshire, which accounted for 30% of the station's total fiscal 2011 budget.

NHPTV produced live coverage of most University of New Hampshire men's hockey home games from the 1972/1973 season through the 2007/2008 season. However, in June 2008 NHPTV announced that it was unable to continue to broadcast the games due to budgetary considerations.

The cooking show Ciao Italia with Mary Ann Esposito was formerly distributed by NHPTV and produced at the NHPTV studios in Durham.

In September 2011 NHPTV was said to be in preliminary discussions with WGBH-TV and public broadcasters in Maine and Vermont about sharing infrastructure and content.^[6] The station became an independent nonprofit organization, New Hampshire Public Broadcasting (NHPB), on July 1, 2012. It had operated as an entity of UNH from 1959 until 2008, when NHPB was established as a nonprofit subsidiary of the University System of New Hampshire [USNH] to take over day-to-day operations, though the USNH Board of Trustees retained the broadcast licenses at that time. This followed the 2011 loss of state funding, which resulted in NHPTV no longer receiving any money from USNH. Certain business services were then outsourced to WGBH, but the station itself still operates independently.^[7]^[8]

As part of the arrangement, NHPTV began to follow PBS's national schedule in tandem with WGBH-TV on September 30, 2012 (with NHPTV Explore's lineup changing from a mix of educational, New England and local programming to a schedule nearly identical to that of WGBX-TV),^[9] and master control operations were relocated to the WGBH studios in Boston.^[10] Following the changes, Comcast dropped WGBH and WGBX from its New Hampshire systems and NHPTV from its Massachusetts systems.^[11]

Stations

Low-power stations

Both translators directly repeat WENH. Colebrook and Pittsburg are part of the Portland market, while Hanover is part of the Burlington/Plattsburgh market.

In addition, NHPBS acquired W27CP in White River Junction, Vermont, from WMTW along with W26CQ;^[14] that station went dark on July 15, 2009 (while still owned by WMTW), due to having lost the lease on its tower site,^[15] and never returned to the air, leading the FCC to delete W27CP on September 14, 2011.^[16]

Former stations

In the summer of 1981, New Hampshire Public Television was suffering a significant financial crisis. These stations were turned off for good as a result.

Few viewers lost access to PBS programming as a result of these stations being shut down due to the high penetration of cable, which is all but essential for acceptable television in most of New Hampshire.

WHED-TV was eventually replaced, in 1994, by a translator (originally W15BK, operating on WHED's former analog channel 15, and then, starting in 2007, low-power digital station W50DP-D).

Cable and satellite availability

NHPBS is available over the air in nearly 98 percent of New Hampshire, and is carried on nearly all cable systems in the state. Additionally, flagship station WENH is available on a limited set of cable television providers in parts of Maine (including Portland) and Vermont (including the Barre/Montpelier area). WENH is available on DirecTV and Dish Network's Boston feeds as well; Durham is part of the Boston market. WLED is carried on the Burlington/Plattsburgh Dish Network feed; Littleton is part of the Burlington/Plattsburgh market.

It had been available on most cable systems in eastern Massachusetts (including Boston) for decades until October 2012.^[17]

Although NHPBS has been available for decades on cable systems in southern Maine, it has yet to be added to the Portland DBS feeds because of W26CQ and W34DQ-D's low-power status. However, NHBS is working to change the satellite regulations so it can be carried in the Portland market as well. It also has a long-term goal of building a full-power transmitter atop Mount Washington, which would improve reception in northern New Hampshire and the Upper Connecticut Valley, as well as presumably offer city-grade coverage of Portland.

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nhptv.org/pressroom/release_detail.asp?hp_id=2256 |title=New Identity for New Hampshire's PBS Station |publisher=New Hampshire PBS |access-date=October 1, 2017}}
2. ^RabbitEars TV Query for WENH
3. ^RabbitEars TV Query for WEKW
4. ^RabbitEars TV Query for WLED
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf |title=DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and the Second Rounds |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2012-03-24}}
6. ^New Hampshire Public Television discussing collaboration with WGBH, Current.org, September 14, 2011
7. ^{{cite news| last=Heyden| first=Rhys| title=R.I., N.H. go indie as state funding ends| url=http://www.current.org/ptv/ptv1213two-divorcing-from-states.html| accessdate=July 21, 2012| newspaper=Current| date=July 9, 2012| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130414152411/http://www.current.org/ptv/ptv1213two-divorcing-from-states.html| archivedate=April 14, 2013| df=}}
8. ^{{cite news| last=Macalaster| first=Gretyl| title=NHPTV partners with WGBH, breaks with UNH| url=http://www.unionleader.com/article/20120716/NEWS02/707169985| accessdate=July 21, 2012| newspaper=New Hampshire Union-Leader| date=July 15, 2012}}
9. ^{{cite news| last=Sefton| first=Dru| title=New Hampshire PTV, WGBH announce collaboration| url=http://www.current.org/2012/08/new-hampshire-ptv-wgbh-announce-collaboration/| accessdate=August 10, 2012| newspaper=Current.org| date=August 9, 2012}}
10. ^{{cite news| last=Jessell| first=Harry A.| title=WGBH Wants To Be Your Master Control| url=http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/61383/wgbh-wants-to-be-your-master-control| accessdate=August 10, 2012| newspaper=TVNewsCheck| date=August 9, 2012}}
11. ^{{cite news| last=Lessard| first=Ryan| title=A Seachange for Public Television| url=http://www.nhpr.org/post/seachange-public-television| accessdate=October 8, 2012| newspaper=New Hampshire Public Radio| date=September 21, 2012}}
12. ^{{cite press release |title=Broadcasting of NHPTV Signal Expected to Switch From Channel 18 to Channel 26 on Nov. 4 |publisher=New Hampshire Public Television |date=October 29, 2009 |url=http://www.nhptv.org/pressroom/release_detail.asp?hp_id=907 |accessdate=November 6, 2009 }}
13. ^{{cite press release|title=NHPTV Translator at Coleman State Park Now Provides NHPTV on Three Digital Channels |publisher=New Hampshire Public Television|date=September 27, 2010|url=http://www.nhptv.org/pressroom/release_detail.asp?offset=30&hp_id=1066|accessdate=June 19, 2011}}
14. ^{{cite web| url=http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/prefill_and_display.pl?Application_id=1317404&Service=TX&Form_id=345&Facility_id=130286| title=Application for Transfer of Control of a Corporate Licensee or Permittee, or for Assignment of License or Permit of TV or FM Translator Station or Low Power Television Station| date=June 18, 2009| work=CDBS Public Access| publisher=Federal Communications Commission| accessdate=November 6, 2009}}
15. ^{{cite web| url=http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/prefill_and_display.pl?Application_id=1326192&Service=TX&Form_id=910&Facility_id=127773| title=Notification of Suspension of Operations / Request for Silent STA| date=August 10, 2009| work=CDBS Public Access| publisher=Federal Communications Commission| accessdate=November 6, 2009}}
16. ^{{cite web| title=Re: W27CP, White River Junction, VT| url=http://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/getimportletter_exh.cgi?import_letter_id=28210| work=CDBS Public Access| publisher=Federal Communications Commission| accessdate=October 23, 2011}}
17. ^{{cite web| last=Robidoux| first=Carol| title=NHPTV Merger Forces Comcast Lineup Changes| url=http://nashua.patch.com/articles/wbgh-dropping-from-comcast-lineup| publisher=Nashua Patch| accessdate=10 October 2012}}