| 词条 | Xiaowei Zhuang |
| 释义 |
| name = Xiaowei Zhuang | native_name = 庄小威 | native_name_lang = zh | image = | imagesize = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1972|01|21}} | birth_place = Rugao, Jiangsu, China | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = Biophysics | workplaces = Harvard University Howard Hughes Medical Institute | patrons = | education = Suzhou High School University of Science and Technology of China University of California, Berkeley | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) | influences = | influenced = | awards = MacArthur Fellows Program, ACS Award in Pure Chemistry, Max Delbruck Prize, Sackler Prize, NAS Award in Molecular Biology, Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }}Xiaowei Zhuang ({{zh|s=庄小威|t=莊小威|p=Zhuāng Xiǎowēi}}; born January 1972) is a Chinese-American biophysicist, and the David B. Arnold Jr. Professor of Science, Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Professor of Physics at Harvard University,[1][2][3] and an Investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.[4] She is best known for her work in the development of Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) ,[5][6][7] a super-resolution fluorescence microscopy method, and the discoveries of novel cellular structures using STORM. She received a 2019 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences for developing super-resolution imaging techniques that get past the diffraction limits of traditional light microscopes, allowing scientists to visualize small structures within living cells.[8] Early life and educationZhuang's father Zhuang Lixian (庄礼贤)[9] and mother Zhu Renzhi (朱仁芝) are both professors of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC).[10][11] [12]Zhuang graduated from the USTC with a B.S. in Physics in 1991. She obtained her Ph.D. in Physics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1996 and conducted her thesis research under the supervision of Dr. Yuen-Ron Shen. In 1997-2001, she was a Chodorow Postdoctoral Fellow in the laboratory of Dr. Steven Chu at Stanford University. She started her faculty position in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Department of Physics at Harvard University in 2001 and was promoted to full professor in 2006.[13] She was named a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator in 2005.[13] ResearchZhuang's laboratory invented Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM), a single-molecule-based super-resolution fluorescence microscopy method.[5] The Zhuang laboratory demonstrated three-dimensional super-resolution imaging with STORM.[7] The Zhuang laboratory also discovered several photoswitchable dye molecules[6][14][15] that enabled STORM imaging and demonstrated live-cell STORM imaging.[15][16] Using STORM, Zhuang and colleagues have studied a variety of biological systems, ranging from single-cell organisms to complex brain tissues. These studies led to the discovery of novel cellular structures, such as the periodic membrane skeletons in the axons of neurons[17][18] and provided insights into many other cellular structures.[19][20][21] The Zhuang laboratory invented a single-cell transcriptome imaging method, MERFISH (multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization), which allows numerous RNA species to be imaged and quantified in single cells in their native context.[22] Zhuang and colleagues used single-molecule FRET to study biomolecules and molecular complexes[23][24][25][26][27] and developed single-virus tracking methods to study virus-cell interactions.[28][29][30] Honors and awards
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://zhuang.harvard.edu/ |title=Zhuang Lab Webpage |publisher=zhuang.harvard.edu |date= |accessdate=2015-09-21}} {{Breakthrough Prize laureates}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhuang, Xiaowei}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://chemistry.harvard.edu/people/xiaowei-zhuang |title=Harvard Chemistry and Chemical Biology Faculty: Xiaowei Zhuang |date= |accessdate=2015-09-21}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.physics.harvard.edu/people/facpages/zhuang |title=Harvard Physics Faculty: Xiaowei Zhuang |date= |accessdate=2015-09-21}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/zhuang_bio.html |title=HHMI Scientist Bio: Xiaowei Zhuang, Ph.D |publisher=Hhmi.org |date= |accessdate=2012-06-29}} 5. ^1 {{cite journal| title= Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM)| doi=10.1038/nmeth929 | volume=3 | journal=Nature Methods | pages=793–796| pmc=2700296}} 6. ^1 {{cite journal| title= Multicolor Super-Resolution Imaging with Photo-Switchable Fluorescent Probes| doi=10.1126/science.1146598 | volume=317 | journal=Science | pages=1749–1753| bibcode=2007Sci...317.1749B| pmc=2633025}} 7. ^1 {{cite journal| title= Three-Dimensional Super-Resolution Imaging by Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy| doi=10.1126/science.1153529 | volume=319 | journal=Science | pages=810–813| bibcode=2008Sci...319..810H}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://breakthroughprize.org/News/47|title=Breakthrough Prize – Winners of the 2019 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics and Mathematics Announced|website=breakthroughprize.org|language=en|access-date=2018-10-18}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://mech.ustc.edu.cn/2012/1116/c4589a42143/page.htm|title=庄礼贤中科大主页}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://pmpi.ustc.edu.cn/2012/0925/c4118a38575/page.htm|title=朱仁芝中科大主页}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2014/4/292321.shtm|title=美国科学院院士庄小威：庄家有女是奇才}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.ustc.edu.cn/kdb/200202/t20020220_62368.html|title=《中国科大报》551期}} 13. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2018/10/harvards-xiaowei-zhuang-awarded-2018-breakthrough-prize/|title=Harvard’s Xiaowei Zhuang awarded 2018 Breakthrough Prize|date=2018-10-17|work=Harvard Gazette|access-date=2018-10-18|language=en-US}} 14. ^{{cite journal| title= Short-Range Spectroscopic Ruler Based on a Single-Molecule Optical Switch| doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.108101 | bibcode=2005PhRvL..94j8101B | volume=94 | journal=Physical Review Letters| arxiv=q-bio/0502012}} 15. ^1 {{cite journal| title= Super-resolution fluorescence imaging of organelles in live cells with photoswitchable membrane probes| doi=10.1073/pnas.1201882109 | volume=109 | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | pages=13978–13983| bibcode=2012PNAS..10913978S| pmc=3435176}} 16. ^{{cite journal| title= Fast, three-dimensional super-resolution imaging of live cells| doi=10.1038/nmeth.1605 | volume=8 | journal=Nature Methods | pages=499–505| pmc=3137767}} 17. ^{{cite journal| title= Actin, Spectrin, and Associated Proteins Form a Periodic Cytoskeletal Structure in Axons| doi=10.1126/science.1232251 | volume=339 | journal=Science | pages=452–456| bibcode=2013Sci...339..452X}} 18. ^{{cite journal| title= Developmental mechanism of the periodic membrane skeleton in axons| doi=10.7554/eLife.04581 | volume=3 | journal=eLife}} 19. ^{{cite journal| title= Superresolution Imaging of Chemical Synapses in the Brain| doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.021 | volume=68 | journal=Neuron | pages=843–856}} 20. ^{{cite journal| title=Y. Doksani, J. Wu, T. de Lange, X. Zhuang, "Super-resolution fluorescence imaging reveals TRF2-dependent t-loop formation", Cell 155, 345-356 (2013) | doi=10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.048 | volume=155 | journal=Cell | pages=345–356}} 21. ^{{cite journal| title= Structurally Distinct Ca2+ Signaling Domains of Sperm Flagella Orchestrate Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Motility| doi=10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.056 | volume=157 | journal=Cell | pages=808–822}} 22. ^{{cite journal| title= Spatially resolved, highly multiplexed RNA profiling in single cells| doi=10.1126/science.aaa6090 | volume=348 | journal=Science | page=aaa6090}} 23. ^{{cite journal| title= A Single-Molecule Study of RNA Catalysis and Folding| doi=10.1126/science.288.5473.2048 | volume=288 | journal=Science | pages=2048–2051| bibcode=2000Sci...288.2048Z}} 24. ^{{cite journal| title= Stepwise protein-mediated RNA folding directs assembly of telomerase ribonucleoprotein| doi=10.1038/nature05600 | volume=446 | journal=Nature | pages=458–461| bibcode=2007Natur.446..458S}} 25. ^{{cite journal| title= Dynamic binding orientations direct activity of HIV reverse transcriptase| doi=10.1038/nature06941 | volume=453 | journal=Nature | pages=184–189| bibcode=2008Natur.453..184A}} 26. ^{{cite journal| title=T. Blosser, J. Yang, M. Stone, G. Narlikar, X. Zhuang, "Dynamics of Nucleosome Remodeling by Individual ACF Complexes", Nature 462, 1022-1027 (2009) | doi=10.1038/nature08627 | volume=462 | journal=Nature | pages=1022–1027| bibcode=2009Natur.462.1022B }} 27. ^{{cite journal| title= Histone H4 tail mediates allosteric regulation of nucleosome remodelling by linker DNA| doi=10.1038/nature13380 | volume=512 | journal=Nature | pages=213–217| bibcode=2014Natur.512..213H}} 28. ^{{cite journal| title= Visualizing infection of individual influenza viruses| doi=10.1073/pnas.0832269100 | volume=100 | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | pages=9280–9285| bibcode=2003PNAS..100.9280L}} 29. ^{{cite journal| title= Assembly of endocytic machinery around individual influenza viruses during viral entry| doi=10.1038/nsmb769 | volume=11 | journal=Nature Structural & Molecular Biology | pages=567–573}} 30. ^{{cite journal| title= Virus trafficking – learning from single-virus tracking| doi=10.1038/nrmicro1615 | volume=5 | journal=Nature Reviews Microbiology | pages=197–208}} 31. ^{{cite web |title=Xiaowei Zhuang |url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/2019-nas-awards/Zhuang.html |website=www.nasonline.org}} 32. ^https://pittcon.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Pittsburgh-Analytical-Chemistry-Previous-Recipients.pdf 33. ^http://www.cas.cn/tz/201512/t20151207_4488383.shtml 关于公布2015年中国科学院院士增选当选院士名单的公告 34. ^{{cite web|title=Zhuang, Xiaowei |url=http://www.beckman-foundation.org/beckman-young-investigators/xiaowei-zhuang?A=SearchResult&SearchID=3906844&ObjectID=4732091&ObjectType=35|website=Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation|accessdate=17 October 2014}} 21 : 1972 births|Living people|American biophysicists|American scientists of Chinese descent|Harvard University faculty|Howard Hughes Medical Investigators|MacArthur Fellows|University of California, Berkeley alumni|University of Science and Technology of China alumni|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Foreign members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences|Scientists from Nantong|Chinese emigrants to the United States|Chinese biophysicists|American women biologists|Chinese women biologists|American women physicists|Chinese women physicists|Breakthrough Prize winners|Physicists from Jiangsu|Educators from Nantong |
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