| 词条 | Newport Transporter Bridge |
| 释义 |
|image = Transporter Bridge, from Coronation Park.jpg |bridge_name = Newport Transporter Bridge |caption = The bridge viewed from Coronation Park |official_name = Newport Transporter Bridge |locale = Newport |carries = Motor vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians including buses and multi sized lorries. |crosses = River Usk |maint = Newport City Council |open = 12 September 1906 |traffic = |design = Transporter bridge |toll = Adult Single – £1 Adult Return – £1.50 Child Single – 50p Child Return – £1.00 Day Ticket (inc. unlimited trips on the gondola and walking across the top of the bridge) – £3.00 |mainspan = 196.56m (644.88 ft) |length = 236m (774.28 ft) |width = Three cars (gondola) (total width 108 ft / 33 m) }} The Newport Transporter Bridge ({{lang-cy|Pont Gludo Casnewydd}}) is a transporter bridge that crosses the River Usk in Newport, South East Wales. The bridge is the lowest crossing on the River Usk. It is a Grade I listed structure. It is one of fewer than 10 transporter bridges that remain in use worldwide; only a few dozen were ever built. It is the only operational transporter bridge in Britain apart from the Tees Transporter Bridge. HistoryThe bridge was designed by French engineer Ferdinand Arnodin. It was built in 1906 and opened by Godfrey Charles Morgan, 1st Viscount Tredegar, on 12 September 1906.[1] Newport Museum holds a silver cigar cutter which was presented to Viscount Tredegar on the day of the opening, as a memento of the occasion.[2] Reason for the transporter designThe design was chosen because the river banks are very low at the desired crossing point (a few miles south of the city centre) where an ordinary bridge would need a very long approach ramp to attain sufficient height to allow ships to pass under, and a ferry could not be used during low tide at the site.[3] Principal dimensionsA Corporation of Newport drawing dated December 1902 is calibrated in metres. The height of the towers is {{Convert|73.6|m|4 = 1}}, and the height to the underside of the main girder truss above the road level is {{Convert|49.97|m|abbr = on}}. The span between the centres of the towers is {{Convert|196.56|m|abbr = on}}, and the clearance between the towers is quoted as being {{Convert|180.44|m|abbr = on}}; however, including the cantilevered sections, the main girder truss gives the bridge an overall length of {{Convert|236|m|4 = 1|abbr = on}}. The distance between the centres of the anchorage caissons is {{Convert|471.06|m|4 = 1|abbr = on}}. Power to propel the transporter platform or gondola is provided by two {{Convert|35|hp|4 = 1|abbr = on}} electric motors, which in turn drive a large winch, situated in an elevated winding house at the eastern end of the bridge. This winch is sufficient to drive the gondola through its {{Convert|196.56|m|abbr = on}} total travel at a speed of {{Convert|3|m/s}}{{cn|date=August 2013}}. This is the oldest and largest of the three historic transporter bridges which remain in Britain, and also the largest of eight such bridges which remain worldwide).{{cn|date=August 2013}} When compared with Middlesbrough's Transporter Bridge, the Newport Transporter is {{Convert|5|m|abbr = on}} taller, but {{Convert|23|m|abbr = on}} less in overall length. It also utilizes approximately {{Convert|1400|LT|abbr = off}} of steel compared to {{Convert|2600|LT|abbr = on}} used to construct Middlesbrough's Transporter (not accounting for steel used in foundations or concrete anchors){{cn|date=August 2013}}. This difference in weight is mainly due to the Newport bridge making use of cables to support and induce tension into its structure to a far greater extent than the Middlesbrough bridge. Other informationToday, the bridge is widely regarded as the most recognisable symbol of the city of Newport.{{According to whom|date = January 2015}} As well as a working transport link, the bridge is also open as a tourist attraction – visitors can climb the towers and walk across the upper deck for a small charge. The bridge forms part of the classified highway network and is also where route 4 of the National Cycle Network crosses the River Usk and route 47 begins. It was the focal point of the local millennium celebrations of 2000, where fireworks were fired from its length, and has been featured in several movies and television shows. It was the centre-piece of the Crow Point Festival in September 2006 to celebrate its centenary. It is used for charity events such as sponsored abseils. RefurbishmentThe bridge was shut down in 1985 because of wear and tear. Following a £3 million refurbishment, it reopened in 1995. Service was suspended again in December 2008 with the bridge facing a £2 million repair bill.[4] £1.225 million was spent on refurbishment, financed by grants from the Welsh Government, Newport City Council and Cadw. It re-opened on 30 July 2010.[5] The bridge was closed on 16 February 2011, because of operational problems, but re-opened again on 4 June.[6] Appearances in popular mediaThe transporter bridge provided the setting for some scenes in the 1959 British crime drama film Tiger Bay, which was set in Cardiff and therefore gave audiences the impression that the bridge was in Cardiff and not Newport. The bridge also featured in an early scene in the 1972 experimental film The Other Side of the Underneath by Jane Arden. Visitor centreThe Visitor Centre is located on the west bank and features exhibits on the history of the bridge, its construction and other transporter bridges around the world. The centre has a painting of David Pearce, the former undefeated Welsh and British Heavyweight Boxing Champion 1983–1985. Pearce used to run up the steps of the Transporter Bridge during his training. The centre is open at weekends.[7] Gallery{{Gallery|File:Newport.transporter.750pix.jpg|The bridge from the West bank to the North |File:transporter.3.750pix.jpg|The gondola in transit |File:Gondola and pier, Newport Transporter Bridge.jpg|Gondola approaching the pier |File:Newport Transporter Bridge 051.JPG|Looking down onto the gondola |File:Main girder from inside, Newport Transporter Bridge.jpg|Main girder, from inside |File:Newport Transporter Bridge Walkway.jpg|Walkway on top of the bridge showing the pulley cable }} See also
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_east/5336618.stm |title=City transporter bridge centenary |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=2013-08-17 |location=Newport |date=12 September 2006}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/the_archive/now_and_then/12917471.NOW_AND_THEN__The_opening_of_the_Newport_Transporter_Bridge/ |title=NOW AND THEN: The opening of the Newport Transporter Bridge (From South Wales Argus) |website=Southwalesargus.co.uk |date=2015-04-28 |accessdate=2016-09-18}} 3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lofVAAAAMAAJ&dq=%22transporter%20bridge%22%20%22popular%20mechanics%22&pg=RA1-PA60#v=onepage&q=&f=false |title=Popular Mechanics Magazine: Written So You Can Understand it |page=60 |website=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2016-09-18}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/7824712.stm |title=Nine historic buildings get £385k |publisher=BBC Wales News |accessdate=2013-08-17 |location=Newport |date=13 January 2009}} 5. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/8290205.Transporter_Bridge_to_re_open/ |title=Transporter Bridge to re-open |publisher=South Wales Argus |accessdate=2010-07-25 | location=Newport | date=2010-07-25}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newport.gov.uk/_dc/index.cfm?fuseaction=transporter.homepage |title=Newport Museums & Heritage Service : Homepage |website=Newport.gov.uk |accessdate=2016-09-18}} 7. ^http://www.southwalesargus.co.uk/news/14901209.Campaigners_hope_to_put_Statue_honouring__Newport_s_Rocky__on_Gilligan_s_Island/?action=success#comment_17315903 External links{{Commons category|Newport Transporter Bridge}}
16 : Bridges in Newport, Wales|Road bridges in Wales|Bridges completed in 1906|Grade I listed bridges|Transporter bridges|Suspension bridges|Grade I listed buildings in Newport, Wales|Listed bridges in Wales|Culture in Newport, Wales|Landmarks in Newport, Wales|Transport in Newport, Wales|Toll bridges in Wales|Tourist attractions in Newport, Wales|History of Newport, Wales|Bridges over the River Usk|1906 establishments in Wales |
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