“New Rome”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

New Rome (Greek: Νέα Ῥώμη, Nea Romē; Latin: Nova Roma) was a name sometimes used to describe the new city that the Roman Emperor Constantine created as his new imperial capital on the European coast of the Bosphorus strait. The city was known as Byzantium prior to his rededication, and as Constantinople thereafter, until the 20th century, when it was renamed Istanbul. 'New Rome' was never an official title, but was sometimes used as a laudatory description of the city, which was often compared with Rome in many ways.

Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326^[1] to 330, partly modeling it after Rome. Names of this period included {{lang|grc|ἡ Νέα, δευτέρα Ῥώμη}}, "the New, second Rome";^[2] {{lang|grc|Ἄλμα Ῥώμα}}, {{lang|la|"Alma Roma"}}; {{lang|grc|Βυζαντιάς Ῥώμη}}, "Byzantine Rome"; {{lang|grc|ἑῴα Ῥώμη}}, "Eastern Rome"; and Roma Constantinopolitana.^[1]{{rp|354}}

The term "New Rome" sometimes lent itself to East–West polemics, especially in the context of the Great Schism, when it was used by the Eastern Orthodox Greek writers to stress the rivalry with the Western Catholic Rome. In modern times, "New Rome" remains part of the official title of the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch of that city.^[3]

See also

References

1. ^¹{{Cite journal |author=Georgacas, Demetrius John |year=1947 |title=The Names of Constantinople |journal=Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association |volume=78 |pages=347–67 |doi=10.2307/283503 |publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press |jstor=283503 }}
2. ^The 5th-century church historian Socrates of Constantinople writes in his Historia Ecclesiastica, 1:16 (c. 439) that the emperor named the city "Constantinople" while decreeing that it be designated a "second Rome" (‘Κωνσταντινούπολιν’ μετονομάσας, χρηματίζειν ‘δευτέραν Ῥώμην’ νόμῳ ἐκύρωσεν).
3. ^Bartholomew, Archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch