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词条 Yaquq
释义

  1. History

     Ottoman era  British Mandate era  1948, aftermath 

  2. References

  3. Bibliography

  4. External links

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Yaquq
| native_name = ياقوق
| native_name_lang = ar
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = Huqoq a general view (2).jpg
| imagesize = 250
| etymology = from personal name[1]
| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine
| pushpin_mapsize = 200
| coordinates = {{coord|32|53|5|N|35|28|44|E|type:city_region:IL|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name = Palestine grid
| grid_position = 195/254
| subdivision_type = Geopolitical entity
| subdivision_name = Mandatory Palestine
| subdivision_type1 = Subdistrict
| subdivision_name1 = Tiberias
| established_title1 = Date of depopulation
| established_date1 = May, 1948[2]
| established_title2 = Repopulated dates
| area_footnotes = [3]
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = 4,229
| population_as_of = 1945
| population_total = 210[3][4]
| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation
| blank3_name_sec1 = Current Localities
| blank3_info_sec1 = Hukok[5]
}}Yaquq ({{lang-ar|ياقوق}}) was a Palestinian Arab village, which was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 1, 1948. It was located 12.5 km north of Tiberias and was built at the site of the ancient Jewish village Huqoq.[6]

History

The earliest mention of the name Yaquq is in the text Signs of the Tomb Inscription by Rabbi Jacob, emissary of the Yeshiva of Rabbi Jehiel of Paris (before 1257 CE).[7]

Ottoman era

In the 1596 tax records, Yaquq was a part of the Ottoman nahiya ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of Safad Sanjak. It had a population of 70 households and 2 bachelors, an estimated 396 persons, all Muslims. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 25% on a number of crops and produce, including wheat, barley and olives, goats, beehives, and a press which was either used for processing grapes or olives; a total of 5,186 akçe. 1/24 of the revenue went to a waqf.[8][9]

In 1838, Yaquq was noted as a Muslim village in the Esh-Shagur district, located between Safad, Acca and Tiberias.[10]

In 1875 Victor Guérin described the village as having about 20 stone houses.[11] In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described it as having about 200 Muslim inhabitants, surrounded by arable land. There were many cisterns in the area, and there was a "good spring" there.[12]

A population list from about 1887 showed that Yaquq had 105 inhabitants; all Muslim.[13]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Yaquq wa Mawasi had a population of 294; all Muslims,[14] decreasing in the 1931 census to 153; still all Muslims, in a total of 28 houses.[15]

In the 1945 statistics it had a population of 210 Muslims,[3] and the total land area was 8,507 dunams.[4][16] Of this, 1,010 dunams were used for cereals, 24 dunams irrigated or used for orchards,[17][18] while 13 dunams were built-up (urban) area.[19]

A kibbutz using the old Biblical name of Hukok was established near the site on 11 July 1945.[20]

1948, aftermath

Following its depopulation in May 1948, the village was used as a training site for the Israeli army until it was bulldozed in 1968.[21] Khalidi described the place in 1992:

Stone rubble covers the entire site. There is one palm tree in the center and an olive grove on the edge. Part of the surrounding land is cultivated by Israelis, while the remainder is used as a grazing area. A canal that passes to the west is part of the Israeli National Water Carrier, the water project that carries water from Lake Tiberias to the central coastal plains.[18]

References

1. ^Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/138/mode/1up 138]
2. ^Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR17 xvii], village #73. Gives cause of depopulation as "?"
3. ^1 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 12
4. ^1 2 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 73
5. ^Khalidi, 1992, p. 547
6. ^Ishtori Haparchi, Kaftor wa-Ferach vol. 2, (3rd edition, published by ed. Avraham Yosef Havatzelet), chapter 11, Jerusalem 2007, p. 54 (note 24) (Hebrew)
7. ^Lissovsky, Nurit (2008). "[https://www.pef.org.uk/quarterly/peq-140-2008 Hukkok, Yaquq and Habakkuk's Tomb: Changes over Time and Space]" Palestine Exploration Quarterly 140 (2): 103–118.
8. ^Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 177. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 546
9. ^Note that Rhode, 1979, p. [https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century 6] writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
10. ^Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd appendix, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/133/mode/1up 133]
11. ^Guerin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr01unkngoog#page/n367/mode/1up 354] ff
12. ^Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/364/mode/1up 364]. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 547
13. ^Schumacher, 1888, p. [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme19pale#page/n199/mode/1up 174]
14. ^Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Tiberias, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n41/mode/1up 39]
15. ^Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 85]
16. ^Khalidi, 1992, p.546
17. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 123
18. ^1 Khalidi, 1992, p.547
19. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 173
20. ^Ein Hokuk and the story of Habakkuk Ynetnews, 21 March 2007
21. ^Magness, 2011, "Huqoq - Preliminary Report"

Bibliography

{{refbegin}}
  • {{cite book | editor =Barron, J.B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp01conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund|volume=1}}
  • {{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher= }}
  • {{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|authorlink=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr01unkngoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 1|year=1880|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}}
  • {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
  • {{cite book | last1= Hütteroth |first1=Wolf-Dieter |first2=Kamal | last2=Abdulfattah | title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}}
  • {{cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first=W.|last=Khalidi|authorlink=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Institute for Palestine Studies|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}
  • {{cite journal|last1=Magness|first1=J.|authorlink1= Jodi Magness|date=2012-03-29 |url=http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=1959&mag_id=119 |title= Huqoq - 2011 Preliminary Report |publisher=Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel|number=124}}
  • {{cite journal|last1=Magness|first1=J.|authorlink1= Jodi Magness |first2=|last2=et. al.|date=2013-08-26 |url=http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=3331&mag_id=120 |title= Huqoq - 2012 Preliminary Report |publisher=Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel|number=125}}
  • {{cite journal|last1=Magness|first1=J.|authorlink1= Jodi Magness |first2=|last2=et. al.|date=2014-11-10 |url=http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=12648&mag_id=121 |title= Huqoq - 2013 Preliminary Report |publisher=Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel|number=126}}
  • Magness, J.: “Samson in the Synagogue,” Biblical Archaeology Review 39.1 (2013), pp. 32–39, 66-67.
  • Magness, J.: October 2013, Scholar’s Update: New Mosaics from the Huqoq Synagogue, BAS LIBRARY
  • {{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
  • {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=uM_kFX6edX8C |first=B. |last=Morris |authorlink=Benny Morris |year=2004 |title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
  • {{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}
  • {{cite thesis|type=PhD |last=Rhode |first=H.|authorlink=Harold Rhode

|date=1979 |url=https://www.academia.edu/2026845/The_Administration_and_Population_of_the_Sancak_of_Safed_in_the_Sixteenth_Century |title=Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century |publisher=Columbia University}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838| location=Boston|publisher=Crocker & Brewster|volume=3}}
  • {{cite journal | last = Schumacher | first =G.| authorlink = Gottlieb Schumacher | title = Population list of the Liwa of Akka | journal = Quarterly statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 20 | pages = 169–191 | url =https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale | year = 1888}}
{{refend}}

External links

  • Welcome To Yaquq
  • Yaquq, Zochrot
  • Survey of Western Palestine, Map 6: IAA, Wikimedia commons
  • Yaquq at Khalil Sakakini Cultural Center{{dead link|date=December 2014}}
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}{{coord|32.8847108638158|35.4789264922976}}

2 : Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War|District of Tiberias
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