| 词条 | New World oriole |
| 释义 |
| name = New World orioles | image = Baltimore Oriole.jpg | image_caption = Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula | taxon = Icterus | authority = Brisson, 1760 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = 25-30 species, see text }} New World orioles are a group of birds in the genus Icterus of the blackbird family. Unrelated to Old World orioles of the family Oriolidae, they are strikingly similar in size, diet, behavior, and strongly contrasting plumage, a good example of convergent evolution. As a result, the two have been given the same vernacular name. Males are typically black and vibrant yellow or orange with white markings, females and immature birds duller. They molt annually. New World orioles are generally slender with long tails and a pointed bill. They mainly eat insects, but also enjoy nectar and fruit. The nest is a woven, elongated pouch. Species nesting in areas with cold winters are strongly migratory, while subtropical and tropical species are more sedentary. The name "oriole" was first recorded (in the Latin form oriolus) by Albertus Magnus in about 1250, which he stated to be onomatopoeic, from the song of the European golden oriole. One of the species in the genus, Bahama oriole, is critically endangered. The genus Icterus was introduced by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760 with the Venezuelan troupial as the type species.[1] The name is the Latin word for the Eurasian golden oriole.[2] The genus name Icterus as used by classical authors, referred to a bird with yellow or green plumage. In modern times this has been identified as the golden oriole. Brisson re-applied the name to the New World birds because of their similarity in appearance.[3] Species listThe genus contains 33 species.[4]
References1. ^{{ cite book | last=Brisson | first=Mathurin Jacques | author-link=Mathurin Jacques Brisson | year=1760 | title=Ornithologie, ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés | language=French, Latin | place=Paris | publisher=Jean-Baptiste Bauche | at=[https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36010428 Vol. 1 p. 30], [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36011285 Vol. 2 p. 85] }} 2. ^{{cite web | last=Jobling | first=J.A. | year=2018 | title= Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology | editor1-last=del Hoyo | editor1-first=J. | editor2-last=Elliott | editor2-first=A. | editor3-last=Sargatal | editor3-first=J. | editor4-last=Christie | editor4-first=D.A. | editor5-last=de Juana | editor5-first=E. | work=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive | publisher=Lynx Edicions | url=https://www.hbw.com/dictionary/definition/icterus | accessdate=1 May 2018 }} 3. ^{{Cite EB1911 |last=Newton |first=Alfred |wstitle=Icterus}} 4. ^{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2018 | title=Oropendolas, orioles, blackbirds | work=World Bird List Version 8.1 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/blackbirds/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=1 May 2018 }} External links{{Commons|Icterus}}
2 : Icterus|Orioles |
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